Luther Halsey Gulick, Jr.
Luther Gulick
Born	Luther Halsey Gulick Jr. (1865-12-04)December 4, 1865 Honolulu,Hawaiian Islands
Died	August 13, 1918(1918-08-13) (aged 52) Casco, Maine, U.S.
Known for	Physical education
Spouse	Charlotte "Lottie" Emily Vetter
Children	Frances Gulick

Luther Halsey Gulick Jr. (December 4, 1865 – August 13, 1918) was an Americanphysical education instructor, internationalbasketball official, and founder with his wife of the Camp Fire Girls, an international youth organization now known asCamp Fire.

Gulick was born December 4, 1865, inHonolulu of theHawaiian Kingdom. His father was missionary physicianLuther Halsey Gulick Sr. and his mother was Louisa Lewis. His paternal grandparentsPeter Johnson Gulick andFanny Gulick were earlier missionaries.^[1]

He married Charlotte "Lottie" Emily Vetter ofHanover, New Hampshire in 1887.

He studied atOberlin Academy (a preparatory department ofOberlin College) 1880–1882 and 1883–1886 and at theSargent Normal School for physical training (now theBoston University college of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences^[2])He graduated from the medical school ofNew York University in 1889.^[3]

Gulick was founding superintendent of thephysical education department of the International YMCA Training School, nowSpringfield College, inSpringfield, Massachusetts, from 1887 to 1900.

He designed a triangle logo—Spirit, Mind, & Body—representing the YMCA philosophy. This evolved into the block letter "Y" used in the modern YMCA logo, as well as the Springfield College seal.^[4]

Gulick persuaded a young instructor namedJames Naismith, a teacher at the school, to create an indoor game that could be played during the off-season. In response, Naismith invented and popularizedbasketball. Gulick worked with Naismith to spread the sport, chairing the Basketball Committee of theAmateur Athletic Union (1895–1905) and representing theUnited States Olympic Committee during the1908 Olympic Games. For his efforts to increase the popularity of basketball and ofphysical fitness in general, Gulick was inducted into theBasketball Hall of Fame as a contributor in 1959.

He was principal of thePratt Institute High School from 1900 to 1903. From 1903 to 1908, he headed physical training in the public schools ofNew York City, and from 1908 to 1913 directed the department of child hygiene at theRussell Sage Foundation. He served as president of theAmerican Physical Education Association in 1903-1906, of thePublic School Physical Training Society in 1905-1908, and of the Camp Fire Girls after 1913.

He gave talks at the1904 St. Louis World's Fair to promote his ideas for physical training in schools^[5] In 1907, Gulick was the president of the Playground Association of America,^[6] which later became the National Recreation Association and then theNational Recreation and Park Association.^[7]

With his wife, Gulick founded the Camp Fire Girls to prepare women for work outside the home. In 1975, its name changed to Camp Fire USA as it accepted boys and girls^[8] and in 2012 it was renamedCamp Fire. The Gulicks helped create and expand theBoy Scout movement, as both the Camp Fire Girls and Boy Scouts movements helped to promote physical fitness and expand exercise opportunities for youth.Gulick recommending the secretary of the Playground Association,James E. West to head the new Boy Scouts of America.^[9]

Gulick also founded CampTimanous, a boys'summer camp^[10] andCamp Wohelo, a girl's summer camp,^[11] located nearRaymond, Maine.

His older brotherSidney Gulick was a missionary to Japan. Sidney's son (Luther Gulick Jr.'s nephew), also namedLuther Halsey Gulick, was an expert on public administration.

His sister,Frances Gulick Jewett, wrote a series of books on public health and hygiene, which were regarded as the leading publications on public sanitation for many years, and biography of their father. His other siblings included Reverend Edward Leeds Gulick and Pierre Johnson Gulick.^[12]His sister's namesake, daughterFrances Jewett Gulick, was honored for her service inWorld War I.

Gulick died August 13, 1918, at his camp inCasco, Maine. He had just returned fromFrance inspecting troops of the US forces in World War I.^[5]

Gulick, together with his wife Charlotte, are honored with a bronze medallion on the Extra Mile National Monument.^{[citation needed]}

A park in New York City'sLower East Side neighborhood is named Luther Gulick Park honoring Gulick and his nephewDr. Luther Halsey Gulick.^[13]

• Honorary Fellow in Memoriam, National Academy of Kinesiology^[17]

Besides editingPhysical Education (1891-1896),Association Outlook (1897-1900),American Physical Education Review (1901-1903), and theGulick Hygiene Series, he wrote:

• Manual of Physical Measurements (1892)
• Ten minutes' exercise for busy men: a complete course in physical education: five separate courses, free work, chest weights, dumb bells, wands, Indian clubs. American Sports Publishing Company. 1902.
• Physical Education by Muscular Exercise (1904)
• The Efficient Life (1907)
• Mind and Work (1908)
• The Healthful Art of Dancing (1910)
• Medical Inspection of Schools, withLeonard Porter Ayres (1908, 1913)
• Health by Muscular Gymnastics (1916)

• Elizabeth Burchinal, dance educator associated with physical education.

• Ethel Josephine Dorgan (1934).Luther Halsey Gulick, 1865-1918. Teachers college, Columbia university.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toLuther Gulick (physician).

• "Luther Halsey Gulick, was an expert and prolific writer on physical education, folk dance education and recreation. In this article Thomas Winter examines his contribution and his work with the YMCA, Campfire Girls and other organizations."
• "Luther H. Gulick".Basketball Hall of Fame profile. Archived fromthe original on August 31, 2009. RetrievedMay 7, 2010.
• "Luther H. Gulick".Springfield College web site. RetrievedMay 10, 2010.

• 1865 births
• 1918 deaths
• 19th-century American physicians
• 20th-century American physicians
• American science writers
• New York University Grossman School of Medicine alumni
• Springfield College people
• YMCA leaders
• Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
• Boston University College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Sargent College) alumni
• Educators from New York City
• Physicians from Hawaii
• Physicians from New York City
• Camp Fire (organization)

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