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Ludwig Häfner

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German fighter ace and Knight's Cross recipient (1921–1942)

Ludwig Häfner
Born17 February 1921
Ingolstadt,Germany
Died10 November 1942(1942-11-10) (aged 21)
north ofStalingrad,Soviet Union
Cause of deathKilled in action
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/ branch Luftwaffe
Years of service?–1942
RankLeutnant (second lieutenant)
UnitJG 3
Commands3./JG 3
Battles / warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Ludwig Häfner (17 February 1921 – 10 November 1942) was a GermanLuftwaffeace and recipient of theKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross duringWorld War II. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. On 10 November 1942, Ludwig Häfner was killed north of Stalingrad after he was attacked by a large number ofYakovlev Yak-1 fighters. He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross on 21 December 1942. During his career he was credited with 52 aerial victories, all on the Eastern Front.

Career

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On 26 June 1941, Häfner sustained abullet wound in aerial combat resulting in acrash landing of hisMesserschmitt Bf 109 F-1 (Werknummer 5728—factory number) atBerestechko.[1] Following his convalescence on 7 September, Häfner was again injured when he crashed a Bf 109 F-4 on a shuttle flight atPrzemyśl.[2]

Squadron leader and death

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On 1 October 1942, Häfner was appointedStaffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 3.Staffel ofJagdgeschwader 3 (JG 3—3rd Fighter Wing). He succeededOberleutnant Alfons Raich who was transferred.[3] On 10 November, Häfner was shot down andkilled in action in aerial combat withYakovlev Yak-1 fighters. His Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 13631) crashed 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) west of the airfield atKolobovka.[4] Command of 3.Staffel was then handed toLeutnant Franz Daspelgruber.[3]

Summary of career

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Aerial victory claims

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According to Obermaier, Hafner was credited with 52 aerial victories.[5] Mathews and Foreman, authors ofLuftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched theGerman Federal Archives and found records for 47 aerial victory claims, all of which claimed on theEastern Front.[6]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ =Planquadrat), for example "PQ 39411". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15minutes oflatitude by 30 minutes oflongitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[7]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the ? (exclamation mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews, and Foreman.
ClaimDateTimeTypeLocationClaimDateTimeTypeLocation
– 6.Staffel ofJagdgeschwader 3 –[6]
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 6 November 1941
124 June 194113:22Potez 6330 km (19 mi) east ofHostynne[8]225 June 194107:01DB-310 km (6.2 mi) east ofWłodzimierz[8]
– 6.Staffel ofJagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –[6]
Eastern Front – 26 April – September 1942
320 May 194214:25Il-22 km (1.2 mi) southeast ofVerhulivka[9]2125 July 194209:55Yak-1Farupolina[10]
429 May 194206:14MiG-1Balakliia[9]2225 July 194210:12MiG-1Ruslow[10]
513 June 194210:23Il-22 km (1.2 mi) east ofNikolske[9]2329 July 194217:52Il-2PQ 39411,Kalach[10]
5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Kalach
613 June 194210:43MiG-1Bodomowka[9]2430 July 194205:32LaGG-3PQ 39253, Kalach[10]
15 km (9.3 mi) northwest ofPitomnik Airfield
71 July 194212:05LaGG-37 km (4.3 mi) east ofVoronezh[11]2530 July 194205:47LaGG-3PQ 39294, Kalach[10]
82 July 194208:04R-5Stary Oskol[11]26?[Note 1]30 July 194205:48LaGG-3PQ 39411, Kalach[10]
94 July 194213:37Il-2Malyschewo[11]2730 July 1942
—
?[Note 2]		Pe-2Dmitriyevka[10]
5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Kalach
106 July 194216:52?[Note 3]Yak-1Panikorjez[12]2831 July 194213:45LaGG-3PQ 39282, Kalach[13]
15 km (9.3 mi) west of Pitomnik Airfield
119 July 194217:55LaGG-33 km (1.9 mi) east of Nowo Ushman[12]2931 July 194213:55Il-2PQ 39192, Kalach[13]
10 km (6.2 mi) west of Kalach
129 July 194218:10LaGG-36 km (3.7 mi) southwest of Demschtschinsk[12]3031 July 194214:05Il-2PQ 39183, Skoworin[13]
20 km (12 mi) west of Kalach
139 July 194218:13LaGG-33 km (1.9 mi) north of Mal Losowaja[12]
center of Lozow		316 August 194205:35Pe-2Stalingrad[13]
149 July 194218:33LaGG-3Wislaja Poljana[12]327 August 194205:47Il-2PQ 49521, Slotowitoje[14]
1510 July 194204:37P-393 km (1.9 mi) southeast of Rykanje[12]
Voronezh		337 August 194210:25LaGG-3PQ 49521, Sklakatow[14]
1610 July 194209:17MiG-1Voronezh[12]3420 August 194206:20MiG-1PQ 40471, Kalach[15]
1713 July 194204:55Pe-2Morosowskaja[16]33?[Note 1]23 August 1942
—
MiG-1Stalingrad[15]
1813 July 194211:55R-5Krasnaja-Jar[16]34?[Note 1]23 August 1942
—
LaGG-3Stalingrad[15]
1914 July 194211:22Il-2Gruzynow[16]37?[Note 1]21 September 1942
—
LaGG-3Rzhev[17]
2023 July 194209:30Yak-1Kalach[10]38?[Note 1]21 September 1942
—
LaGG-3Rzhev[17]
– 3.Staffel ofJagdgeschwader 3 "Udet" –[6]
Eastern Front – September – 10 November 1942
3929 September 194209:35LaGG-37 km (4.3 mi) northwest of Cosmin Leninsk[18]4627 October 194208:32MiG-3PQ 35 Ost 49283[19]
25 km (16 mi) east of Stalingrad
4029 September 194212:10MiG-3?[Note 4]12 km (7.5 mi) northeast ofAkhtuba[18]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad		4728 October 194215:09LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 49223[20]
vicinity of Werchne
419 October 194214:46LaGG-310 km (6.2 mi) east of Kotluban train station[19]
5 km (3.1 mi) north ofGrebenka		4830 October 194214:12Il-2PQ 35 Ost 49131[20]
vicinity of Bassargino
429 October 194214:48LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 49132, Kotluban train station[19]
5 km (3.1 mi) north of Grebenka		491 November 194214:25LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 59172[20]
4314 October 194207:10LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 40751[19]502 November 194212:12MiG-1PQ 35 Ost 49422[20]
30 km (19 mi) east of Stalingrad
4426 October 194211:40Il-2PQ 35 Ost 49474[19]
north of Wassnoarmejsk		513 November 194211:08Yak-1PQ 35 Ost 59192[20]
4527 October 194208:12LaGG-3PQ 35 Ost 49443[19]
20 km (12 mi) southeast of Stalingrad		5210 November 194211:54Yak-1PQ 35 Ost 59362, north of Kolobowka[20]

Awards

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Notes

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  1. ^abcdeThis claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.[6]
  2. ^According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 05:55.[6]
  3. ^According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:32.[6]
  4. ^According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as aLavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3.[6]
  5. ^According to Scherzer as a pilot in the I./Jagdgeschwader 3 "Udet".[25]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^Prien et al. 2003, p. 118.
  2. ^Prien et al. 2003, p. 119.
  3. ^abPrien et al. 2006, p. 94.
  4. ^Prien et al. 2006, p. 113.
  5. ^Obermaier 1989, p. 126.
  6. ^abcdefghMathews & Foreman 2015, p. 461.
  7. ^Planquadrat.
  8. ^abPrien et al. 2003, p. 107.
  9. ^abcdPrien et al. 2006, p. 144.
  10. ^abcdefghPrien et al. 2006, p. 149.
  11. ^abcPrien et al. 2006, p. 146.
  12. ^abcdefgPrien et al. 2006, p. 147.
  13. ^abcdPrien et al. 2006, p. 150.
  14. ^abPrien et al. 2006, p. 151.
  15. ^abcPrien et al. 2006, p. 152.
  16. ^abcPrien et al. 2006, p. 148.
  17. ^abPrien et al. 2006, p. 153.
  18. ^abPrien et al. 2006, p. 103.
  19. ^abcdefPrien et al. 2006, p. 105.
  20. ^abcdefPrien et al. 2006, p. 106.
  21. ^Dixon 2023, p. 295.
  22. ^Patzwall 2008, p. 92.
  23. ^Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 159.
  24. ^Fellgiebel 2000, p. 209.
  25. ^Scherzer 2007, p. 359.

Bibliography

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  • Bergström, Christer[in Swedish]."Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website".Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived fromthe original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved22 March 2024.
  • Dixon, Jeremy (2023).Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe: Knight's Cross Holders 1939–1942.Pen and Sword Books.ISBN 978-1-52677-864-2.
  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer[in German] (2000) [1986].Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas.ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015).Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 2 G–L. Walton on Thames: Red Kite.ISBN 978-1-906592-19-6.
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989).Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann.ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001).Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall.ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008).Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall.ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003).Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/I—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/I—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck.ISBN 978-3-923457-69-4.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006).Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/II—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/II—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck.ISBN 978-3-923457-77-9.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007).Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag.ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
  • Spick, Mike (1996).Luftwaffe Fighter Aces. New York:Ivy Books.ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
1 Oak Leaves withJG 300.2 Oak Leaves withJG 27.3 Swords and Diamonds withJG 77.4 Knight's Cross withJG 51.5 Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves withJG 27.6 Knight's Cross withJG 53.
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