In the 17th century, there were sizeableScottish communities in Lublin and Zamość,[5] and also a smaller one inOpole Lubelskie.[6] Lublin and Zamość also hostedArmenian minorities.[7]
The region was, before World War II, one of the world's leading centres ofJudaism. Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area, concentrated inLublin,Kazimierz Dolny, and perhapsChełm; but the founding of new private towns led to a large movement of Jews into the region to develop trade and services. Since these new towns competed with the existing towns for business, there followed a low-intensity, long-lasting feeling of resentment, with failed attempts to limit the Jewish immigration. The Jews tended to settle mostly in the cities and towns, with only individual families setting up businesses in the rural regions; this urban/rural division became another factor feeding resentment of the newly arrived economic competitors. By the middle of the 18th century, Jews were a significant part of the population inKraśnik,Lubartów andŁęczna.
By the 20th century, Jews represented greater than 70% of the population in eleven towns and close to 100% of the population ofŁaszczów andIzbica. From this region came both religious figures such asMordechai Josef Leiner of Izbica,Chaim Israel Morgenstern ofPuławy, andMotele Rokeach ofBiłgoraj, as well as famous secular authorIsrael Joshua Singer. Israel's brother, the Nobel prize winnerIsaac Bashevis Singer, was not born in Biłgoraj but lived part of his life in the city. The "Old Town" of the city ofLublin contained a famousyeshiva, Jewish hospital, synagogue, cemetery, and kahal, as well as theGrodzka Gate (known as the Jewish Gate).
TheGross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 18.5 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 3.7% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 14,400 euros or 48% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 54% of the EU average. Lublin Voivodship is the province with the lowest GDP per capita in Poland.[13]
Nałęczów andKrasnobród arespa towns.Krasnystaw is famous for its annualChmielaki beer festival.Chełm contains theChełm Chalk Tunnels, a system of tunnels dug into thechalk under the city, a unique structure in Europe, whereas Lublin offers an underground tourist route in historic cellars under the Old Town Market Square.
Lublin Voivodeship (Województwo Lubelskie) was one of the administrative regions of the interwarSecond Polish Republic. In early 1939 its area was 26,555 square kilometres (10,253 sq mi) and its population was 2,116,200.[24] According to the 1931 census, 85.1% of its population was Polish, 10.5% Jewish, and 3% Ukrainian.
Lublin Voivodeship (województwo lubelskie) was an administrative region of Poland between 1945 and 1975. In 1975 it was transformed intoChełm,Zamość,Biała Podlaska,Tarnobrzeg andSiedlce Voivodeships and a smaller Lublin Voivodeship.
Lublin Voivodeship (województwo lubelskie) existed as one of Poland's 49 voivodeships from 1975 until 1998, when it was incorporated into the current (larger) Lublin Voivodeship.
^Konopczyński, Władysław (1948).Chronologia sejmów polskich 1493–1793 (in Polish). Kraków:Polska Akademia Umiejętności. pp. 133,139–140, 160.
^Feduszka, Jacek (2009). "Szkoci i Anglicy w Zamościu w XVI-XVIII wieku".Czasy Nowożytne (in Polish). Vol. 22. Zarząd Główny Polskiego Towarzystwa Historycznego. p. 53.ISSN1428-8982.
^Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1886. p. 560.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Stopka, Krzysztof (2010). "Ormianie". In Kopczyński, Michał; Tygielski, Wojciech (eds.).Pod wspólnym niebem. Narody dawnej Rzeczypospolitej (in Polish). Warszawa: Muzeum Historii Polski, Bellona. p. 118.ISBN978-83-11-11724-2.
^Wardzyńska, Maria (2009).Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa:IPN. pp. 247–249,264–266.
^Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022).The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 225,291–292, 311, 315.ISBN978-0-253-06089-1.
^Raszewski, Piotr (2017). "Można na nas liczyć".Polska Zbrojna (in Polish). No. 8 (856). p. 59.ISSN0867-4523.
^Borek, Paweł (2004). "Obóz jeńców włoskich w Białej Podlaskiej wrzesień 1943 – czerwiec 1944".Podlaski Kwartalnik Kulturalny (in Polish). No. 2. Biała Podlaska. pp. 14–17.ISSN1234-6160.
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