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Louise Fletcher

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
American actress (1934–2022)

Louise Fletcher
Fletcher at the48th Academy Awards (1976)
Born
Estelle Louise Fletcher

(1934-07-22)July 22, 1934
DiedSeptember 23, 2022(2022-09-23) (aged 88)
Alma materUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
OccupationActress
Years active1955–2017
Known forOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
Spouse
Jerry Bick
​
​
(m. 1960; div. 1977)​
Children2

Estelle Louise Fletcher (July 22, 1934 – September 23, 2022) was an American actress. She is best known for her portrayal of the antagonistNurse Ratched in the filmOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), which earned her numerous accolades, including theAcademy Award,BAFTA Award, andGolden Globe Award for Best Actress.

Fletcher had a recurring role as theBajoran religious leaderKai Winn Adami in the television seriesStar Trek: Deep Space Nine (1993–1999). She was nominated for twoEmmy Awards for her roles in the television seriesPicket Fences (1996) andJoan of Arcadia (2004). Her final role was as Rosie in theNetflix seriesGirlboss (2017).

Early life

[edit]

Estelle Louise Fletcher was born on July 22, 1934, inBirmingham, Alabama,[1] the second of four children of Estelle (née Caldwell)[2] and the Reverend Robert Capers Fletcher, anEpiscopal missionary fromArab, Alabama. Her parents were deaf and worked with the deaf/hard-of-hearing,[3][4] but Fletcher and her siblings, Roberta, John,[5] and Georgianna,[6] were all hearing normally,[7] so the children were sent in turns to live with Estelle's hearing sister in Texas for three months at a time to ensure they learned spoken English.[3] Fletcher's father founded more than 40 churches for the deaf in Alabama.[6] She received a bachelor's degree in drama from theUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1957.[8]

Career

[edit]
James Garner and Fletcher inMaverick (1959)

Fletcher began appearing in several television series includingLawman (1958) andMaverick (1959). (TheMaverick episode "The Saga of Waco Williams" withJames Garner was the series's highest-rated episode.)[9] Also in 1959, she appeared in an episode of the originalUntouchables TV series starringRobert Stack, "Ma Barker and Her Boys", as Elouise.[10] Fletcher recalled having greater success being cast in Westerns due to her height:

I was 5 feet 10 inches [1.78 m] tall, and no television producer thought a tall woman could be sexually attractive to anybody. I was able to get jobs on westerns because the actors were even taller than I was.

— Louise Fletcher (November 1975)[3]

In 1960, Fletcher made two guest appearances onPerry Mason, as defendant Gladys Doyle in "The Case of the Mythical Monkeys", and as Susan Connolly in "The Case of the Larcenous Lady". In the summer of 1960, she was cast as Roberta McConnell in the episode "The Bounty Hunter" ofTate, starringDavid McLean.[11]

[When conceiving of a way to play Nurse Ratched] [s]he thought back to her childhood in Alabama, and the "paternalistic way that people treat other people there." Moving to California had opened her eyes to how warped things had been back home. "White people actually felt that the life they were creating was good for black people," she says—a dynamic she recognized in Nurse Ratched and her charges. "They're in this ward, she's looking out for them, and they have to act like they're happy to get this medication or listen to this music. And make her feel good about the way she is.

Michael Schulman profile of Louise Fletcher,Vanity Fair, July 10, 2018

In 1974, Fletcher returned to film in the crime dramaThieves Like Us, co-produced by her husband Jerry Bick andRobert Altman, who also directed. When the two had a falling out on Altman's next project (Nashville (1975), Altman decided to castLily Tomlin for the role of Linnea Reese, initially created for and by Fletcher. Meanwhile, directorMiloš Forman saw Fletcher inThieves and cast her asMcMurphy's nemesisNurse Ratched inOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975).[3] She based her performance of the character on the paternalistic way she saw white people treat black people in her native Alabama.[12] Fletcher gained international recognition and fame for the role, winning theAcademy Award for Best Actress, as well as aBAFTA Award andGolden Globe. She was only the third actress ever to win an Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and Golden Globe Award for a single performance, afterAudrey Hepburn andLiza Minnelli. When Fletcher accepted her Oscar, she usedsign language to thank her parents.[13][2]

AfterCuckoo's Nest, Fletcher had mixed success in film. She made several financially and critically successful films, while others were box-office failures. Fletcher's film roles were in such features asExorcist II: The Heretic (1977),The Cheap Detective (1978),The Lady in Red (1979),The Magician of Lublin (1979),Brainstorm (1983),Firestarter (1984),Invaders From Mars (1986),Flowers in the Attic (1987),Two Moon Junction (1988),Best of the Best (1989),Blue Steel (1990),Virtuosity (1995),High School High (1996), andCruel Intentions (1999), as the aunt ofRyan Phillippe's Sebastian. Additionally, she played the character Ruth Shorter, a supporting role, inAurora Borealis (2005), alongsideJoshua Jackson andDonald Sutherland, and appeared in theFox Faith filmThe Last Sin Eater (2007).[14]

Fletcher co-starred in TV movies such asThe Karen Carpenter Story (1989) (asKaren andRichard Carpenter's mother, Agnes),Nightmare on the 13th Floor (1990),The Haunting of Seacliff Inn (1994), andThe Stepford Husbands (1996). From 1993 to 1999, she held a recurring role inStar Trek: Deep Space Nine as the schemingBajoran religious leaderKai Winn Adami.[15] She also earnedEmmy Award nominations for her guest roles onPicket Fences (1996), and later onJoan of Arcadia (2004).[16] In 2009, Fletcher appeared inHeroes as the physician mother of character Emma Coolidge. In 2011 and 2012, she appeared on four episodes ofShameless as Grammy Gallagher,Frank Gallagher's foul-mouthed and hard-living mother, who is serving a prison sentence formanslaughter related to ameth lab explosion. She portrayed the recurring role of Rosie on the seriesGirlboss (2017).[17]

Personal life

[edit]
Fletcher in 2014

Fletcher married producer Jerry Bick, divorcing in 1977.[13] The couple had two sons, John Dashiell Bick and Andrew Wilson Bick.[18] Fletcher took an 11-year break from acting to raise them.[13]

Fletcher received an honorary degree fromGallaudet University in 1982.[19]

Fletcher died at her home inMontdurausse, France, on September 23, 2022, at the age of 88.[17]

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
YearTitleRoleNotesRef.
1963A Gathering of EaglesMrs. Kemler[20]
1974Thieves Like UsMattie[14]
1975Russian RouletteMidge[14]
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's NestNurse Ratched[14]
1977Exorcist II: The HereticDr. Gene Tuskin[14]
1978The Cheap DetectiveMarlene DuChard[14]
1979The Lady in RedAnna Sage[14]
The Magician of LublinEmilia[21]
Natural EnemiesMiriam Steward[14]
1980The Lucky StarLoes Bakker[14]
Mama DraculaMama Dracula[14]
1981Strange BehaviorBarbara Moorehead[21]
Be Pretty and Shut UpHerselfDocumentary[14]
1982Talk to MeRichard's Mother[14]
1983Strange InvadersMrs. Benjamin[14]
BrainstormLilian Reynolds[14]
1984FirestarterNorma Manders[14]
Once Upon a Time in AmericaCemetery DirectressExtended cut only[14]
Overnight SensationEvie Peregrine aka "E.K. Hamilton"Short[14]
1986Invaders from MarsMrs. McKeltch[14]
The Boy Who Could FlyDr. Grenader[14]
Nobody's FoolPearl[14]
1987Flowers in the AtticGrandmother[14]
1988Two Moon JunctionBelle Delongpre[14]
1989Best of the BestMrs. Grady[14]
1990ShadowzoneDr. Erhardt[14]
Blue SteelShirley Turner[14]
1992The PlayerLouise Fletcher[14]
Blind VisionMiss Taylor[14]
1994
GiorginoInnkeeper[14]
TrystMaggie[14]
TollboothLillian[14]
1995Return to Two Moon JunctionBelle Delongpre[14]
VirtuosityElizabeth Deane[14]
1996Mulholland FallsEstherUncredited[20]
Edie & PenJudge[21]
Frankenstein and MeMrs. Perdue[14]
2 Days in the ValleyEvelyn[14]
High School HighPrincipal Evelyn Doyle[14]
1997Gone Fishin'Restaurant OwnerUncredited[22][23]
The Girl Gets MoeGloria[14]
1998Johnny 316Sally's Mother[21]
Love KillsAlena Heiss[14]
1999Cruel IntentionsHelen Rosemond[14]
A Map of the WorldNellie Goodwin[14]
The ContractGrandma Collins[14]
2000Big EdenGrace Cornwell[14]
Very Mean MenKatherine Mulroney[14]
More Dogs Than BonesIva Doll[14]
2001After ImageAunt Cora[14]
Touched by a KillerJudge Erica Robertson[14]
2002Manna from HeavenMother Superior[14]
2003Silver ManVal[21]
Finding HomeEsther[14]
2004Clipping AdamGrammy[14]
2005Aurora BorealisRuth Shorter[14]
Dancing in TwilightEvelyn[14]
2006Fat Rose and SqueakyBonnie[21]
2007The Last Sin EaterMiz Elda[14]
A Dennis the Menace ChristmasMrs. Martha Wilson[21]
2010The Genesis CodeEllen Taylor[20]
2011CassadagaClaire[20]
2013A Perfect ManAbbiefilmed in 2000[20]
2020Grizzly II: RevengeEileene Draygonfilmed in 1983[20]

Television

[edit]
YearTitleRoleNotesRef.
1958Flightunknown role"Red China Rescue"[24]
Playhouse 90Pete's Girl2 episodes[25]
Bat MastersonSarah Lou Conant"Cheyenne Club"[14]
Yancy DerringerMiss Nellie / Alithea"Old Dixie"[20]
1959LawmanBetty Horgan"The Encounter"[14]
MaverickKathy Bent"The Saga of Waco Williams"[20]
77 Sunset StripJulia Murphy"A Bargain in Tombs"[17]
The UntouchablesEloise"Ma Barker and Her Boys"[10][20]
Alcoa Presents: One Step BeyondJeannie"The Open Window" (broadcast Nov. 3., US)[20]
MarkhamEllen Amery"Strange Visitor"[26]
1959–60Wagon TrainElizabeth / Martha English2 episodes[20]
1960The MillionaireHolly"Millionaire Vance Ludlow"[27]
SugarfootJulie Frazer"Funeral at Forty Mile"[17]
TateMrs. McConnell"The Bounty Hunter"[28]
Perry MasonSusan Connolly / Gladys Doyle2 episodes[20][17]
1961The Best of the Postunknown role"Groper in the Dark"[29]
The Life and Legend of Wyatt EarpAithra McLowery"The Law Must Be Fair"[17]
1973Medical Centerunknown role"Child of Violence"[30]
1974Can Ellen Be Saved?Bea LindseyTV movie[14]
1978Thou Shalt Not Commit AdulterySally KimballTV movie[14]
1984IslandsMaureen DavisTV movie[14]
1985A Summer to RememberDr. Dolly McKeeverTV movie[21]
1986Last Waltz on a TightropeCynthia DiamondTV movie[21][31]
Second ServeDr. Sadie M. BishopTV movie[21]
1987J. Edgar HooverAnnie M. HooverTV movie[21]
1988Worlds BeyondKaren Earl"Home"[29]
The Twilight ZoneDr. Cline"The Hunters"[20]
1989The Karen Carpenter StoryAgnes CarpenterTV movie[14]
Final NoticeMrs. LordTV movie[21]
1990In the Heat of the NightCatherine Tyler"December Days"[20]
Nightmare on the 13th FloorLetti GordonTV movie[14]
1991The HitchhikerMother Birch"Offspring"[32]
Tales from the CryptAgent"Top Billing"[20]
In a Child's NameJean TaylorMiniseries (2 episodes)[21]
1992The Boys of TwilightGenelva McPherson / Genelva4 episodes[14][25]
The Ray Bradbury TheaterMiss Weldon"The Dead Man"[32]
Civil WarsJudge Francis Wyler"The Triumph of DeVille"[33]
1993The Fire Next TimeSargeMiniseries[14]
1993–99Star Trek: Deep Space NineKai Winn / Vedek Winnrecurring role (14 episodes)[20]
1994The Haunting of Seacliff InnDorothy O'HaraTV movie[14]
Someone Else's ChildFaye MaddoxTV movie[14]
1995Dream OnJoanna"Try Not to Remember"[34]
1995–97VR.5Mrs. Nora Bloomrecurring role (6 episodes)[14]
1996Picket FencesChristine Bey2 episodes[20]
The Stepford HusbandsMiriam BentonTV movie[14]
1997Sins of the MindD. Anna BinghamTV movie[20]
Married to a StrangerNana, Megan's MotherTV movie[14]
HeartlessAunt Lydia McGuffyTV movie[20]
Breast MenMrs. SaundersTV movie[14]
1998ProfilerMiriam Newquay, Jack's Mother2 episodes[20]
The PracticeJudge N. Swanson"Rhyme and Reason"[20]
Fantasy IslandDoris Leeman"Dying to Dance"[32]
BrimstoneEvelyn McNabb"Encore"[32]
1999The Devil's ArithmeticAunt EvaTV movie[14]
Time ServedWarden Mildred ReineckeTV movie[14]
2003A Time to RememberBilly CalhounTV movie[14]
2004It's All RelativeER Nurse"Oscar Interrupts"[20]
Joan of ArcadiaEva Garrison"Do the Math"[20]
WonderfallsVivian Caldwell"Barrel Bear"[20]
20057th HeavenMrs. Wagner"Honor Thy Mother"[20]
ERRoberta "Birdie" Chadwin2 episodes[20]
2006A Dad for ChristmasGlennieTV movie[20]
2009HeroesDr. Coolidge2 episodes[20]
2010–11Private PracticeFrances Wilder2 episodes[20]
2011–12ShamelessPeg Gallagher(4 episodes)[20]
2012Of Two MindsAunt WillTV movie[20]
2017GirlbossRosie2 episodes[17]

Accolades

[edit]
AssociationYearCategoryNominated WorkResultsRef.
AARP Movies for Grownups Awards2007Best Grownup Love Story(shared withDonald Sutherland)Aurora BorealisNominated[35]
Academy Awards1975Best ActressOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's NestWon[36]
BAFTA Awards1977Best Actress in a Leading RoleWon[37]
CinEuphoria Awards2020Career — Honorary Award—Won[38]
Genie Awards1981Best Performance by a Foreign ActressThe Lucky StarNominated[39]
Gold Derby Awards2012Drama Guest ActressShamelessNominated[40]
Golden Globes1976Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture — DramaOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's NestWon[41]
Golden Raspberry Awards1987Worst Supporting ActressInvaders from MarsNominated[21]
Online Film & Television Association1997Best Guest Actress in a Syndicated SeriesStar Trek: Deep Space NineWon[42]
Best Guest Actress in a Drama SeriesWon
1998Best Guest Actress in a Syndicated SeriesWon[43]
1999Best Guest Actress in a Drama SeriesNominated[44]
Best Guest Actress in a Syndicated SeriesWon
2012Best Guest Actress in a Drama SeriesShamelessWon[45]
Palm Beach International Film Festival2005Legend in Film Award—Won[46]
Primetime Emmy Awards1996Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series(for episode "Bye Bye, Bey Bey")Picket FencesNominated[47]
2004Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series(for episode "Do the Math")Joan of ArcadiaNominated
Satellite Awards
2016Mary Pickford Award—Won[48]
Saturn Awards1984Best ActressBrainstormWon[49]
1988Best Supporting ActressFlowers in the AtticNominated[50]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Louise Fletcher".The Encyclopedia of Alabama.
  2. ^ab"Estelle Caldwell Fletcher; Pioneer in Ministry to Deaf".Los Angeles Times. August 29, 1992. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2022.
  3. ^abcdHarmetz, Aljean (November 1975)."The Nurse Who Rules the Cuckoo's Nest".The New York Times. RetrievedFebruary 21, 2015.
  4. ^"Louise Fletcher".Yahoo Movies. Archived fromthe original on May 22, 2011.
  5. ^John "Caldwell" Fletcher obituary, Legacy.Com
  6. ^ab"Rev. John Fletcher, 87; Ministered to the Deaf".The New York Times. March 16, 1988. RetrievedJanuary 30, 2019.
  7. ^Robertson, Nan (April 1976)."The Fletchers: Family That Heard The Silent Thanks".The New York Times. RetrievedJanuary 30, 2019.
  8. ^"Estelle Louise Fletcher".The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. RetrievedSeptember 24, 2022.
  9. ^"This date in MAVERICK TV History: "The Saga of Waco Williams", the most-watched episode of the entire Maverick series, airs on Feb. 15, 1959".televisionconfidential.com. February 15, 2022. RetrievedMay 7, 2022.
  10. ^ab"Ma Barker and Her Boys (1959)".BFI. Archived fromthe original on December 3, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2022.
  11. ^"The Bounty Hunter".Kanopy. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022.
  12. ^"Louise Fletcher, Nurse Ratched, and the Making of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest's Unforgettable Villain".Vanity Fair. July 10, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022.
  13. ^abcWeinraub, Bernard (March 27, 1995)."Oscar's Glory is Fleeting. Ask One Who Knows".The New York Times. Archived fromthe original on November 4, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 30, 2019.
  14. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauavawaxayazbabbbcbdbebfbgbhbibjbkblbmbnbobpbq"Louise Fletcher".British Film Institute. Archived fromthe original on May 28, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022.
  15. ^"Winn-ing With DS9's Louise Fletcher".startrek.com. CBS Studios Inc., Paramount Pictures Corporation, and CBS Interactive Inc. January 6, 2012. RetrievedMay 7, 2022.
  16. ^"Louise Fletcher".emmys.com. Television Academy. RetrievedMay 7, 2022.
  17. ^abcdefgEvans, Greg."Louise Fletcher Dies: Oscar-Winning 'One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest' Actor Was 88".Deadline Hollywood. RetrievedSeptember 23, 2022.
  18. ^"Jerry Bick: Literary agent, producer".Variety. November 22, 2004. RetrievedJanuary 30, 2019.
  19. ^"Honorary Degree Recipients"(PDF). Gallaudet University. RetrievedJanuary 30, 2019.
  20. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadae"Louise Fletcher List of Movies and TV Shows".TV Guide. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022.
  21. ^abcdefghijklmn"Louise Fletcher – Filmography".Turner Classic Movies. RetrievedSeptember 25, 2022.
  22. ^"Gone Fishin' (1997) – Miscellaneous Notes". Turner Classic Movies. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  23. ^King, Dennis (June 4, 1997)."Movie Review: 'Gone Fishin'".Tulsa World. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  24. ^Irvin, Richard (May 12, 2014).George Burns Television Productions: The Series and Pilots, 1950–1981. McFarland. p. 132.ISBN 9780786494866.
  25. ^ab"Louise Fletcher – Life Events". Turner Classic Movies. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  26. ^"Strange Visitor (1959)". British Film Institute. Archived fromthe original on December 3, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  27. ^TV Guide. Triangle Publications. 1962. p. 14.
  28. ^Hicks, Chris (August 23, 2012)."Chris Hicks: Robert Redford cut his teeth on '60s TV".Deseret News. Salt Lake City. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  29. ^ab"Louise Fletcher: Facts & Related Content".Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. January 9, 2018. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  30. ^Dagan, Carmel (September 23, 2022)."Louise Fletcher, Oscar Winner for 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest,' Dies at 88".Variety. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  31. ^"Television Listings".New York. Vol. 21, no. 35. New York Media. September 5, 1988. p. 100.ISSN 0028-7369.
  32. ^abcd"Louise Fletcher".Rotten Tomatoes. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  33. ^"'90210' Makes College Plans".Sun-Sentinel. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. October 29, 1992. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  34. ^"Dream On Season 6 Episodes".TV Guide. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  35. ^Newcott, Bill (March 2007)."Movies for Grownups Awards 2007".AARP The Magazine.
  36. ^"48th Oscars Highlights".Oscars.org.Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. September 12, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 29, 2022.Louise Fletcher winning Best Actress for 'One Flew Over...
  37. ^Holloway Cheney, Diane (2021).Academy Award Winning Movies 1928–2020: How Movies Have Changed Through the Years. Gatekeeper Press.ISBN 978-1-6629-1894-0.
  38. ^Peralta, Paulo (January 13, 2020)."CinEuphoria: CinEuphoria Prémios 2020 – Prémio Honorário: Carreira".CinEuphoria.
  39. ^"The main question in tonight's presentations of the second…". United Press International. March 12, 1981. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  40. ^Derby, Gold (March 7, 2016)."2012 GOLDDERBY TV AWARDS".GoldDerby. RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  41. ^"Louise Fletcher".www.goldenglobes.com. RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  42. ^"1st Annual TV Awards (1996–97) – Online Film & Television Association". RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  43. ^"2nd Annual TV Awards (1997–98) – Online Film & Television Association". RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  44. ^"3rd Annual TV Awards (1998–99) – Online Film & Television Association". RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  45. ^"16th Annual TV Awards (2011–12) – Online Film & Television Association". RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  46. ^Montalbano, Dave (2010).The Adventures of Cinema Dave in the Florida Motion Picture World. Xlibris Corporation. p. 83.ISBN 978-1-4628-3673-4.
  47. ^"Louise Fletcher".Television Academy. RetrievedJune 28, 2021.
  48. ^Kilday, Gregg (February 21, 2016)."Satellite Awards: 'Spotlight' Collects Four Prizes, Including Best Picture".The Hollywood Reporter. RetrievedSeptember 26, 2022.Oscar winner Louise Fletcher was this year's recipient of the group's Mary Pickford Award for contributions to the entertainment industry.
  49. ^"Fletcher". Star Trek. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.
  50. ^"'Robocop' Leads In Nominations For Saturn Awards".Associated Press News. April 7, 1988. RetrievedSeptember 28, 2022.

External links

[edit]
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