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Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland

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Head of the judiciary of Northern Ireland

Lord Chief Justice^[a] of Northern Ireland
Incumbent Dame Siobhan Keegan since 2 September 2021
Judiciary of Northern Ireland
Style	The Right Honourable
Nominator	Prime Minister(in consultation with the Lord Chief Justice and the Northern Ireland Judicial Appointments Commission)
Appointer	The Monarch
Term length	Mandatory retirement at 75
Constituting instrument	Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978
Precursor	Lord Chief Justice of Ireland
Inaugural holder	Sir Denis Henry, Bt
Formation	1922
Salary	£238,868
Website	www.judiciaryni.uk

TheLord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland^[b] is the head of the judiciary ofNorthern Ireland and the president of thecourts of Northern Ireland. The position was established with the creation of Northern Ireland in 1922, and was preceded by the position ofLord Chief Justice of Ireland prior to thepartition of Ireland. The equivalent office inEngland and Wales is theLord Chief Justice of England and Wales, and inScotland it is theLord President of the Court of Session. The current Lord Chief Justice^[c] isDame Siobhan Keegan, the first woman to hold the office.^[3]

Background

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The office of Lord Chief Justice was originally established as one of two successor offices of the position ofLord Chief Justice of Ireland, underneath theLord Chancellor of Ireland, who was president of the courts.^[4] The Lord Chief Justice replaced the Lord Chancellor as president of the courts by statute in 1978.^[5]

Role and responsibilities

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The Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland holds the office of president of the courts of Northern Ireland and is head of the judiciary of Northern Ireland.The Lord Chief Justice is responsible for representing the views of the judiciary of Northern Ireland to government, for the maintenance of appropriate arrangements for the welfare, training and guidance of the judiciary of Northern Ireland, and for the maintenance of appropriate arrangements for the deployment of the judiciary of Northern Ireland and the allocation of work within the courts.The Lord Chief Justice is president of the Court of Appeal, the High Court, the Crown Court, the county courts and the magistrates' courts of Northern Ireland.^[6] The Lord Chief Justice is entitled to sit on any of those courts, but routinely sits on the Court of Appeal.^[6]

List of lord chief justices of Northern Ireland

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Sir Denis Henry, 1st Baronet, (1922–1925)^[7]
Sir William Moore, 1st Baronet (1925–1937)^[7]
Sir James Andrews, 1st Baronet (1937–1951)^[7]
John MacDermott, Baron MacDermott (1951–1971)^[7]
Robert Lynd Erskine Lowry (1971–1989)
Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton (1989–1997)
Robert Carswell, Baron Carswell (1997–2004)
SirBrian Kerr (2004–2009)
SirDeclan Morgan (2009–2021)
DameSiobhan Keegan (2021–)

References

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^^a ^b ^c"Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002 s.12".
^^a ^b ^c"Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002 s.2".
^"Dame Siobhan Keegan: NI's first Lady Chief Justice sworn in". BBC. Retrieved15 July 2025.
^"Government in Ireland Act (1920)".legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved15 July 2025.
^"Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978"(PDF).legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved15 July 2025.
^^a ^b"Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002".legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved15 July 2025.
^^a ^b ^c ^dWalker, David M., The Oxford Companion to Law, Appendix I, list of Lord Chief Justices of Northern Ireland, 1922–, p. 1354.

^The correct legal name of the post remains Lord Chief Justice even when the holder is a woman, although the holder may choose to be styled as Lady Chief Justice.^[1]^[2]
^The correct legal name of the post remains Lord Chief Justice even when the holder is a woman, although the holder may choose to be styled as Lady Chief Justice.^[1]^[2]
^The correct legal name of the post remains Lord Chief Justice even when the holder is a woman, although the holder may choose to be styled as Lady Chief Justice.^[1]^[2]

Sources

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N.C. Fleming and Alan O'Day,The Longman Handbook of Modern Irish History since 1800, N.C. Fleming and Alan O'Day, p. 420;ISBN 0-582-08102-5

Chief justices of the territories of theBritish Empire and theUnited Kingdom

Legend: Current territory; Former territory; * Now aCommonwealth realm; Now a member of theCommonwealth of Nations

Europe
Since 1234England and Wales Since c.1200Scotland 1175-1921Ireland 1708–1757Menorca Since 1713Gibraltar 1763–1782Menorca 1798–1802Menorca 1800–1813Malta (Protectorate) 1813–1964Malta (Colony) 1807–1890Heligoland 1809–1864Ionian Islands 1878–1960Cyprus 1921–1937Irish Free State Since 1922Northern Ireland

Americas

17th century and before		18th century	19th and 20th century
1579New Albion 1583–1907Newfoundland 1605–1979 *Saint Lucia 1607–1776Virginia Since 1619Bermuda 1620–1691Plymouth Colony 1623–1883Saint Kitts *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1624–1966 *Barbados 1625–1650Saint Croix 1627–1979 *Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1628–1883Nevis *(Saint Kitts & Nevis) 1629–1691Massachusetts Bay Colony 1632–1776Maryland since 1632Montserrat 1632–1860Antigua *(Antigua & Barbuda) 1636–1776Connecticut 1636–1776Rhode Island 1637–1662New Haven Colony	1643–1860Bay Islands Since 1650Anguilla 1651–1667Willoughbyland (Suriname) 1655–1850Mosquito Coast (protectorate) 1655–1962 *Jamaica 1663–1712Carolina 1664–1776New York 1665–1674 and 1702–1776New Jersey Since 1666British Virgin Islands Since 1670Cayman Islands 1670–1973 *Bahamas 1670–1870Rupert's Land 1670–1688Saint Andrew and Providence Islands¹ 1671–1816Leeward Islands 1674–1702East Jersey 1674–1702West Jersey 1680–1776New Hampshire 1681–1776Pennsylvania 1686–1689Dominion of New England 1691–1776Massachusetts	1701–1776Delaware 1712–1776North Carolina 1712–1776South Carolina 1713–1867Nova Scotia 1733–1776Georgia 1754–1820Cape Breton Island 1762–1974 *Grenada 1763–1978Dominica 1763–1873Prince Edward Island 1763–1791Quebec 1763–1783East Florida 1763–1783West Florida 1784–1867New Brunswick 1791–1841Lower Canada 1791–1841Upper Canada Since 1799Turks and Caicos Islands	1818–1846Columbia District/Oregon Country² 1831–1966British Guiana (Guyana) Since 1833Falkland Islands³ 1833–1960Windward Islands 1833–1960Leeward Islands 1841–1867Province of Canada 1849–1866Vancouver Island 1853–1863Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands 1858–1866British Columbia 1859–1870North-Western Territory 1860–1981 *British Antigua and Barbuda 1862–1863Stikine Territory 1866–1871Vancouver Island and British Columbia 1867–1931 *Dominion of Canada⁴ 1871–1964British Honduras (*Belize) 1882–1983 *Saint Kitts and Nevis 1889–1962Trinidad and Tobago 1907–1949Dominion of Newfoundland⁵ Since 1908South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands³ 1958–1962West Indies Federation

1. Now theSan Andrés y Providencia Department ofColombia.
2. Occupied jointly with the United States.
3. Occupied by Argentina during theFalklands War of April–June 1982.
4. In 1931, Canada and other Britishdominions obtained self-government through theStatute of Westminster. SeeCanada's name.
5. Gave upself-rule in 1934, but remained ade jure Dominion until itjoined Canada in 1949.

Africa

17th and 18th centuries	19th century		20th century
Since 1658Saint Helena¹⁴ 1792–1961Sierra Leone 1795–1803Cape Colony	Since 1815Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ 1806–1910Cape Colony 1807–1808Madeira 1810–1968Mauritius 1816–1965The Gambia 1856–1910Natal 1868–1966Basutoland (Lesotho) 1874–1957Gold Coast (Ghana) 1882–1922Egypt	1884–1966Bechuanaland (Botswana) 1884–1960British Somaliland 1887–1897Zululand 1890–1962Uganda 1890–1963Zanzibar (Tanzania) 1891–1964Nyasaland (Malawi) 1891–1907British Central Africa Protectorate 1893–1968Swaziland 1895–1920East Africa Protectorate 1899–1956Anglo-Egyptian Sudan	1900–1914Northern Nigeria 1900–1914Southern Nigeria 1900–1910Orange River Colony 1900–1910Transvaal Colony 1903–1976Seychelles 1906–1954Nigeria Colony 1910–1931South Africa 1914–1954Nigeria Colony and Protectorate 1915–1931South West Africa (Namibia) 1919–1960Cameroons (Cameroon)⁶ 1920–1963Kenya 1922–1961Tanganyika (Tanzania)⁶ 1923–1965Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷ 1924–1964Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) 1953–1963Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1954–1960Nigeria 1979–1980Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)⁷

6.League of Nations mandate.
7.Self-governing Southern Rhodesiaunilaterally declared independence in 1965 (asRhodesia) and continued as anunrecognised state until the 1979Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.

Asia

17th and 18th century	19th century		20th century
1685–1824Bencoolen (Sumatra) 1702–1705Pulo Condore 1757-1862Bengal (to 1862) 1862–1947Bengal (from 1862) (West Bengal (India) andBangladesh) 1762–1764Manila and Cavite 1786–1946Penang (Malaysia) 1795–1948Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1796–1965Maldives	1812–1824Banka (Sumatra) andBilliton (Sumatra) 1819–1826British Malaya (West Malaysia andSingapore) 1826–1946Straits Settlements (Malaysia andSingapore) 1839–1967Colony of Aden 1839–1842Afghanistan 1841–1997Hong Kong 1841–1946Kingdom of Sarawak (Malaysia) 1848–1946Labuan (Malaysia) 1858–1947British India (India,Pakistan andBangladesh, Burma) •Bombay •Calcutta •Madras •North-Western Provinces/Allahabad) 1874–1963British Borneo (East Malaysia andBrunei)	1879–1919Afghanistan (protectorate) 1882–1963British North Borneo (Malaysia) 1885–1946Unfederated Malay States 1888–1984Sultanate of Brunei 1891–1971Muscat and Oman protectorate 1892–1971Trucial States 1895–1946Federated Malay States 1898–1930Weihai Garrison	1907–1949Bhutan (protectorate) 1918–1961Kuwait protectorate 1920–1932Iraq⁸ 1921–1946Transjordan⁸ 1923–1948Palestine⁸ 1945–1946South Vietnam 1946–1963North Borneo (Malaysia) 1946–1963Sarawak (Malaysia) 1946–1963Singapore 1946–1948Malayan Union 1948–1957Federation of Malaya (Malaysia) Since 1960Akrotiri and Dhekelia (before as part ofCyprus) Since 1965British Indian Ocean Territory (before as part ofMauritius and theSeychelles)

⁸League of Nations mandate. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by theAnglo-Iraqi Treaty

Oceania

18th and 19th centuries		20th century
1788–1901New South Wales 1803–1901Tasmania 1807–1863Auckland Islands⁹ 1824–1980New Hebrides (Vanuatu) 1824–1901Queensland 1829–1901Western Australia 1836–1901South Australia since 1838Pitcairn Islands	1841–1907Colony of New Zealand 1851–1901Victoria 1874–1970Fiji¹⁰ 1877–1976British Western Pacific Territories 1884–1949Territory of Papua 1888–1901Cook Islands⁹ 1889–1948Union Islands (Tokelau)⁹ 1892–1979Gilbert and Ellice Islands¹¹ 1893–1978British Solomon Islands¹²	1900–1970Tonga (protected state) 1900–1974Niue⁹ 1901–1942 Commonwealth of AustraliaNorthern Territory 1907–1953 *Dominion of New Zealand 1919–1942Nauru 1945–1968Nauru 1919–1949Territory of New Guinea 1949–1975Territory of Papua and New Guinea¹³

9. Now part of the *Realm of New Zealand.
10. Suspended member.
11. NowKiribati and *Tuvalu.
12. Now the *Solomon Islands.
13. Now *Papua New Guinea.

Antarctica and South Atlantic
Since 1658Saint Helena¹⁴ Since 1815Ascension Island¹⁴ Since 1816Tristan da Cunha¹⁴ Since 1908British Antarctic Territory¹⁵ 1841–1933Australian Antarctic Territory (transferred to theCommonwealth of Australia) 1841–1947Ross Dependency (transferred to theRealm of New Zealand)
14. Since 2009 part ofSaint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. 15. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands).

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Background

Role and responsibilities

List of lord chief justices of Northern Ireland

See also

References

Sources