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Long Beach Branch

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(Redirected fromLong Beach Branch (LIRR))
Long Island Rail Road branch

Long Beach Branch
Long Beach Branch train #853 departsLynbrook en route toPenn Station
Overview
StatusOperational
OwnerLong Island Rail Road Company[1]
LocaleNassau County, New York,USA
Termini
Stations10
Service
TypeCommuter rail
SystemLong Island Rail Road
Services
Operator(s)Metropolitan Transportation Authority
Rolling stockBuddM3
BombardierM7
KawasakiM9
Ridership3,117,606 (annual ridership, 2023)[2]
History
Opened1880 (1880) (NY&LB)[3]
Technical
Line length8.8 mi (14.2 km)
Number of tracks1-2
CharacterAt-grade
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)standard gauge
ElectrificationThird rail750 V DC
Route map
MapShow interactive map
9.3 mi
15 km
Jamaica
"E" train​​"J" train"Z" train
12.2 mi
19.6 km
Locust Manor
13.1 mi
21.1 km
Laurelton
14.0 mi
22.5 km
Rosedale
15.7 mi
25.3 km
Valley Stream
15.8 mi
0.0 mi
1.5 mi
2.4 km
Lynbrook
Zone 4
Zone 7
2.4 mi
3.9 km
Centre Avenue
2.9 mi
4.7 km
East Rockaway
3.4 mi
5.5 km
Oceanside
Simpsons Channel
Jekyl Island(closed)
5.9 mi
9.5 km
Island Park
Wreck Lead(closed)
Queenswater(closed)
6.9 mi
11.1 km
Long Beach
Distances shown fromAtlantic Terminal
This diagram:
Show route diagram map

TheLong Beach Branch is anelectrifiedrail line and service owned and operated by theLong Island Rail Road in theU.S. state ofNew York. The branch begins at Valley Interlocking, just east ofValley Stream station, where it merges with theFar Rockaway Branch to continue west as theAtlantic Branch. East from there the Long Beach Branch parallels theMontauk Branch toLynbrook station, where it turns south towardLong Beach station.[5][6] Trains operating on the Long Beach Branch continue west of Valley Stream via theAtlantic Branch toJamaica station, with most continuing on toGrand Central orPenn Station in Midtown Manhattan.In 2018, the branch recorded an annual ridership of 4,849,085 based on ticket sales, down 1% from 2017.[2]

History

[edit]
Further information:History of the Long Island Rail Road
The station house atLong Beach, which opened in 1909 and was designed byKenneth M. Murchison.

Origins

[edit]

The Long Beach Branch began as theNew York and Long Beach Railroad (NY&LB) Company, operating fromLynbrook toLong Beach in 1880.[3] The railroad's original southern terminus was along theAtlantic Ocean. The LIRR, which had just recently been acquired by entrepreneurAustin Corbin,[7] operated the NY&LB from its inception until 1904, when it was merged with the other lines of the LIRR. At Lynbrook, trains continued west toHunters Point, Queens, operating on tracks built by theSouth Side Railroad of Long Island (which had merged with the LIRR prior to the NY&LB service).[8] In 1909, Long Beach station was moved 1,000 feet (300 m) north from the oceanfront toReynolds Channel, where it remains today.[9]

A five-mile (8 km) extension toPoint Lookout, New York owned by theLong Beach Marine Railway Company existed between 1881 and 1895. The LIRR bought the line in 1886 and continued to operate passenger service until 1895.[3]

Pennsylvania Railroad ownership

[edit]

The LIRR had planned to extend the Atlantic Branch north intoManhattan to meet theNew York Central Railroad (NYCRR) at what is nowGrand Central Terminal, while at the same time, NYCRR competitorPennsylvania Railroad was planning to build a tunnel to a new Manhattan terminal from New Jersey. Following negotiations, thePennsylvania Railroad (PRR) acquired a majority stake of the LIRR in 1900,[10] allowing the railroads to jointly build theNew York Tunnel Extension and share aManhattan terminal atPennsylvania Station, which opened in 1910. Also in 1910, the Long Beach Branch was extended westward fromLynbrook toValley Stream, further integrating it with the LIRRAtlantic Branch and the PRR's new Manhattan terminal. The line was double-tracked from Valley Stream to Lynbrook in late 1910, then from East Rockaway to Wreck Lead ("WL") on January 15, 1927.Electrification of the main tracks from Valley Stream to Long Beach was finished in September 1910, with the freight sidings being electrified between 1928 and 1930. This upgrade coincided with the PRR's electrification andgrade separation of multiple suburban lines. Color light signals were installed in January 1927; they were later replaced by PRR-styleposition light signals.

MTA takeover

[edit]

On January 20, 1965, the State of New York announced its intentions to purchase the LIRR from the PRR. The LIRR was to be operated by the newly-formedMetropolitan Commuter Transportation Authority, today's current MTA. The MTA began operating newM1 electric coaches in 1968, which resulted in the upgrading of every station on the line to high-level platforms.

The Long Beach Branch's familiar orange color scheme (    ) was first implemented on May 20, 1974 as part of the MTA's Form 8 timetable.[11]

Diesel-powered shuttle train at Long Beach in November 2012

Hurricane Sandy and infrastructure modernization

[edit]

Hurricane Sandy struck Long Island on October 29–30, 2012, and the Long Beach Branch was the most seriously affected of all the LIRR lines despite a full systemwide shutdown on October 29. Third rail power was lost, as three of the four substations on the line were knocked out.[12] The line betweenIsland Park and Long Beach was strewn with debris, and switch motors at Long Beach station, along with other signal and communications components on the line, were rendered inoperative due to immersion in salt water. Bus service began between Lynbrook andIsland Park on November 7.[13] Partial rail service was restored on November 14, when a diesel-operated shuttle began operating between Lynbrook and Long Beach on a modified weekday schedule.[14] Connecting electric service was available at Lynbrook and shuttle buses were operated on weekends and Thanksgiving in place of train service. Full electric service, initially not expected to return until January 2013,[15] was restored much earlier than anticipated, on November 25, 2012.[16]

The total cost of post-Sandy restoration projects on the branch is expected to cost $68.6 million and be completed by September 2021.[17] The projects also include the raising of the Oceanside, Oil City, and Long Beach substations 15 feet (4.6 m) off the ground and an emergency generator for theWreck Lead Bridge overReynolds Channel.[17][18]

Positive train control, a federally-mandated technology to improve railroad safety, was implemented on the line on October 30, 2019.[19][20]

Stations

[edit]
This section needs to beupdated. The reason given is: New service pattern. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(February 2023)
ZoneStationMiles (km)
fromAtlantic Terminal[4]
Date
opened
Date
closed
Connections / notes
For continuing service toJamaica and points west, seeAtlantic Branch
3Locust Manor12.2 (19.6)1869Long Island Rail Road: Far Rockaway Branch
Bus transportNew York City Bus:Q3,Q85,Q89,QM21
Laurelton13.1 (21.1)1907Long Island Rail Road: Far Rockaway Branch
Bus transport New York City Bus:Q77,Q85,Q89
RosedaleDisabled access14.0 (22.5)1870Long Island Rail Road: Far Rockaway Branch
Bus transport New York City Bus:Q5,Q85,Q86,Q89,QM63
4Valley StreamDisabled access15.7 (25.3)1869Long Island Rail Road: Far Rockaway Branch
Bus transportNassau Inter-County Express:n1, Elmont Flexi
ZoneStationMiles (km)
from Valley Junction[4]
Date
opened
Date
closed
Connections / notes
4LynbrookDisabled access1.5 (2.4)1867[21]Long Island Rail Road: Babylon Branch
Bus transport Nassau Inter-County Express:n4,n25,n31,n32
OriginallyPearsall's Corners, thenPearsall's
7Centre AvenueDisabled access2.4 (3.9)1898OriginallySouth Lynbrook
East RockawayDisabled access2.9 (4.7)1880
Atlantic Avenue18981951
OceansideDisabled access3.4 (5.5)1897
Barnum Island Channel Bridge
Jekyl Island19011922Originally namedBarnum Island, thenIsland Park
Island ParkDisabled access5.9 (9.5)1898Bus transport Nassau Inter-County Express:n15
OriginallyThe Dykes
Wreck Lead Bridge
Wreck Lead18881927
Queenswater18981936OriginallyInner Beach, thenQueenswater
Club House18981909
Long BeachDisabled access6.9 (11.1)1880Bus transport Nassau Inter-County Express:n15,n33
Bus transportLong Beach Bus:Point Lookout,East Loop,West End Route,Shoppers Special


References

[edit]
External videos
video iconLIRR Time Lapse: Penn Station to Long Beach, MTA's LIRR; May 20, 2010; 2-minute YouTube video clip
video iconLIRR Time Lapse: Long Beach to Penn Station, MTA's LIRR; May 20, 2010; 2-minute YouTube video clip
  1. ^"February 2020 MTA Board Action Items". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 26, 2020. p. 39.
  2. ^ab"2023 ANNUAL RIDERSHIP REPORT".mta.info. RetrievedJune 6, 2024.
  3. ^abcFelix Reifschneider,History of the Long Island Railroad, 1925, reprinted winter 2001 inThe Third Rail
  4. ^abcLong Island Rail Road (May 14, 2012)."TIMETABLE No. 4"(PDF). p. VI; VII. RetrievedAugust 4, 2022.
  5. ^"MTA Railroads Map". New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 16, 2023.
  6. ^"Long Beach Branch Timetable". New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 23, 2023.
  7. ^"LIRR Early History".lirrhistory.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2000. RetrievedMay 1, 2016.
  8. ^"Long Beach". RetrievedApril 20, 2020.
  9. ^"The Long Island Rail Road: A Comprehensive History Volume #5 (New York, Woodhaven & Rockaway Railroad; New York & Rockaway Beach railway; New York & Long Beach Railroad; New York & Rockaway railroad; Brooklyn rapid transit operation to Rockaway; Over L.I.R.R.)", byVincent F. Seyfried
  10. ^"PENNSYLVANIA'S NEW PLANS OUTLINED; Big Improvements to be Made in Long Island's Acquisition. NO THOUGHT OF MONTAUK POINT Ferry Connection from Jersey City to Bay Ridge and Tunnels to Follow, an Official Says".The New York Times. May 8, 1900. RetrievedMay 23, 2018.
  11. ^"LIRR Timetables". Trains Are Fun. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  12. ^"Major Long Beach Branch Restoration Project Begin". Metropolitan Transit Authority. April 12, 2014. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  13. ^"Hurricane Sandy Recovery Service As of November 7"(PDF). Long Island Rail Road. November 7, 2012.
  14. ^Krommydas, Niko (November 14, 2012)."Limited service on Long Beach LIRR branch".L.I. Herald. RetrievedMarch 8, 2023.
  15. ^"LIRR Restores Limited Weekday Train Service on Long Beach Branch".mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. RetrievedNovember 15, 2012.
  16. ^"LIRR Restores Weekend & Weekday Electric Train Service on Long Beach Branch starting Nov. 25".mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. RetrievedNovember 25, 2012.
  17. ^abCastillo, Alfonso A. (October 30, 2018)."LIRR still years away from some Sandy repairs".Newsday. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  18. ^"Sandy Substation Restoration / Long Beach Branch (Completed 01/2018)". Long Island Rail Road. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  19. ^"LIRR adds Positive Train Control on four branches".Fox 5. October 30, 2019. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  20. ^"LIRR Commissions Positive Train Control on Four Branches" (Press release). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 30, 2019. RetrievedApril 21, 2020.
  21. ^Vincent F. Seyfried,The Long Island Rail Road: A Comprehensive History, Part One: South Side R.R. of L.I., 1961

External links

[edit]
Template:Attached KML/Long Beach Branch
KML is not from Wikidata

Media related toLong Beach Branch (category) at Wikimedia Commons

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