![]() USSLyman K. Swenson in 1955 | |
Class overview | |
---|---|
Name | Allen M. Sumner class |
Builders |
|
Operators | |
Preceded by | Fletcher class |
Succeeded by | Gearing class |
Subclasses | |
Cost | $8 million, excluding armament |
In commission | 1943–75 (USN) |
Planned | 70 |
Completed | 58 |
Cancelled | 12 (completed asRobert H. Smith class minelayers) |
Lost | 4, plus 2 not repaired |
Preserved | USS Laffey |
General characteristics | |
Type | Destroyer |
Displacement |
|
Length |
|
Beam |
|
Draft |
|
Propulsion | 4Babcock & Wilcox orFoster Wheelerboilers; twoGeneral Electric orWestinghousegearedsteam turbines, 60,000shp (45 MW) total; two shafts |
Speed | 34knots (63 km/h; 39 mph) |
Range |
|
Complement | 336–363 |
Sensors and processing systems | |
Armament |
|
TheAllen M. Sumner class was a group of 58destroyers built by the United States duringWorld War II. Another twelve ships were completed asdestroyer minelayers. The class was named forAllen Melancthon Sumner, an officer in theUnited States Marine Corps. Often referred to as simply theSumner, this class was distinguished from the previousFletcher class by their twin5-inch/38 caliber gun mounts, dual rudders, additionalanti-aircraft weapons, and many other advancements. TheAllen M. Sumner design was extended 14 feet (4.3 m) amidships to become theGearing class, which was produced in larger numbers but did not see significant service in World War II.
Completed in 1943–45, four Sumners were lost in the war and two were damaged so badly they were scrapped, but the surviving ships served in the US Navy into the 1970s. After being retired from the US fleet, 29 of them were sold to other navies, where they served many more years.One still exists as amuseum ship in South Carolina.
The first ship was laid down in May 1943, while the last was launched in April 1945. In that time, the United States produced 58Allen M. Sumner-class destroyers. TheAllen M. Sumner class was an improvement of the previousFletcher class, which were built from 1941 until 1944. In addition to three twin5-inch/38 caliber gun mounts replacing theFletchers' five single mounts, theSumners had twin rudders, giving them better maneuverability forASW work when compared to theFletchers. The 5-inch guns were guided by aMark 37 Gun Fire Control System with a Mark 25fire control radar linked by aMark 1A Fire Control Computer stabilized by a Mark 6 8,500 rpm gyro. Thisfire control system provided effective long-range anti-aircraft (AA) or anti-surface fire. TheAllen M. Sumners also had larger set of short-range anti-aircraft armament than theFletchers, with 1240 mm guns and 1120 mm guns compared with the 10 40 mm and 7 20 mm complement typical of a late-war standardFletcher. The initial design retained theFletchers' heavytorpedo armament of 10 21-inch (533 mm) tubes in two quintuple mounts, firing theMark 15 torpedo. As the threat fromkamikaze aircraft mounted in 1945, and with few remainingJapanese warships to use torpedoes on, most of the class had the aft quintuple 21-inch torpedo tube mount replaced by an additional 40 mm quadruple mount for 16 total 40 mm guns.[1][2]
TheAllen M. Sumners achieved a 20% increase in 5-inch gun armament and almost a 50% increase in light AA armament on a hull the same length as aFletcher, only 15 inches (38 cm) wider, and about 15 inches (38 cm) deeper in draft. The increase in standard displacement was only 150 tons, about 7.5%. Thus, theAllen M. Sumner class was a significant improvement in combat power at a small increase in cost.
See also theRobert H. Smith-classdestroyer minelayer (DM), twelve of which were built on hulls originally intended asAllen M. Sumners. TheGearing-class destroyers were of the same design, modified with a 14-foot (4.3 m) midship extension to carry more fuel to extend the ships' range.
TheAllen M. Sumners served onradar picket stations in theBattle of Okinawa, as well as other duties, and had several losses.Cooper,Meredith,Mannert L. Abele, andDrexler were lost during the war, andHugh W. Hadley was so badly damaged by a kamikaze attack that she was scrapped soon after the war ended. In addition,Frank E. Evans was split in half in a collision with the aircraft carrier HMASMelbourne, and never repaired. After the war most of the class (except some of the light minelayers) had their 40 mm and 20 mm guns replaced by up to six3-inch/50 caliber guns (76 mm), and the pole mast was replaced by a tripod to carry a new, heavier radar. On most ships one depth charge rack was removed and twoHedgehog mounts added. One of the two quintuple 21-inch (533 mm)torpedo tube mountings had already been removed on most to make way for a quadruple 40 mm gun mounting and additional radar for the radar picket mission. 33 ships were converted under the Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization II (FRAM II) program 1960–65, but not as extensively as theGearings. Typically, FRAMAllen M. Sumners retained all three 5-inch/38 twin mounts and received theDrone Anti-Submarine Helicopter (DASH), two tripleMark 32 torpedo tubes for theMark 44 torpedo, and two new single 21-inch torpedo tubes for theMark 37 torpedo, with all 3-inch and lighter guns, previous ASW armament, and 21-inch torpedo tubes being removed.Variable Depth Sonar (VDS) was also fitted; however,ASROC was not fitted.[3] Ships that did not receive FRAM were typically upgraded withMk 32 triple torpedo tubes in exchange for the K-guns, but retained Hedgehog and one depth charge rack.[2]
In Navy slang, the modified destroyers were called "FRAM cans", "can" being a contraction of "tin can", the slang term for a destroyer or destroyer escort.
ManyAllen M. Sumners provided significantgunfire support in theVietnam War. They also served as escorts for Carrier Battle Groups (Carrier Strike Groups from 2004) and Amphibious Ready Groups (Expeditionary Strike Groups from 2006). From 1965, some of the class were transferred to theNaval Reserve Force (NRF), with a partial active crew to train Naval reservists.
The ships served in the US Navy into the 1970s. DASH was withdrawn fromanti-submarine warfare (ASW) service in 1969 due to poor reliability.[4] LackingASROC, theAllen M. Sumners were left without a standoff ASW capability and were decommissioned 1970–73, with most being transferred to foreign navies. The FRAM Sumners were effectively replaced as ASW ships by theKnox-class frigates (destroyer escorts prior to 1975), which were commissioned 1969–74 & carried a piloted helicopter, typically theKaman SH-2 Seasprite & ASROC. After theAllen M. Sumners were retired from the US fleet, seven were sunk by the US in fleet training exercises and 13 were scrapped, while 29 were sold to other navies (two for spare parts) where they served for many more years. Twelve were sold to theRepublic of China Navy, and two were sold to theRepublic of Korea Navy. Two were sold to theIran, and one was sold toTurkey. One was sold toGreece. Two were sold toVenezuela, two toColombia, two toChile, five toBrazil, and four toArgentina.
Currently, onlyUSS Laffey (DD-724), located atPatriots Point,Charleston, South Carolina, remains, as amuseum ship.
TheArgentine Navy acquired fourSumners as a more capable adjunct to their previously acquiredFletcher class destroyers. While one was merely to provide spare parts to keep the rest of the fleet serviceable, the other three would go on and serve through theFalklands War, in which they would take a minor role. Soon after the conflict, they were stricken and disposed of.
Pennant | Ship name | Former name | Acquired | Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|
D-25 | ARASegui | USS Hank | 1 July 1972 | Scrapped in 1983 |
D-26 | ARAHipólito Bouchard | USS Borie | 1 July 1972 | Scrapped in 1984 |
D-29 | ARAPiedrabuena | USS Collett | 4 June 1974 | Sunk as a target in 1988 |
— | — | USS Mansfield | 4 June 1974 | Not commissioned; cannibalized for spare parts |
Name | Hull no. | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned | Fate | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USS Allen M. Sumner | DD-692 | Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company | 7 July 1943 | 15 December 1943 | 26 January 1944 | 15 August 1973 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping externalities | [1][2] |
USS Moale | DD-693 | 5 August 1943 | 16 January 1944 | 28 February 1944 | 2 July 1973 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping | [3][4] | |
USS Ingraham | DD-694 | 4 August 1943 | 16 January 1944 | 10 March 1944 | 15 June 1971 | Sold toGreece 16 July 1971 asMiaoulis | [5] | |
USS Cooper | DD-695 | 30 August 1943 | 9 February 1944 | 27 March 1944 | — | Torpedoed and sunk by destroyerTake while intercepting a Japanese convoy into Ormoc Bay 3 December 1944 | [6] | |
USS English | DD-696 | 19 October 1943 | 27 February 1944 | 4 May 1944 | 15 May 1970 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 11 August 1970 asHuei Yang | [7] | |
USS Charles S. Sperry | DD-697 | 19 October 1943 | 13 March 1944 | 17 May 1944 | 15 December 1973 | Sold toChile 8 January 1974 asMinistro Zenteno | [8] | |
USS Ault | DD-698 | 15 November 1943 | 26 March 1944 | 31 May 1944 | 16 July 1973 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping | [9][10] | |
USS Waldron | DD-699 | 16 November 1943 | 26 March 1944 | 7 June 1944 | 17 May 1950 | Sold toColombia 30 October 1973 asSantander (DD-03) | [11][12] | |
20 November 1950 | 30 October 1973 | |||||||
USS Haynsworth | DD-700 | 16 December 1943 | 15 April 1944 | 22 June 1944 | 30 January 1970 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 12 May 1970 asYuen Yang | [13] | |
22 September 1950 | 19 May 1950 | |||||||
USS John W. Weeks | DD-701 | 17 January 1944 | 21 May 1944 | 21 July 1944 | 31 May 1950 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 19 November 1970 | [14][15] | |
24 October 1950 | 12 August 1970 | |||||||
USS Hank | DD-702 | 17 January 1944 | 21 May 1944 | 28 August 1944 | 1 July 1972 | Sold toArgentina 1 July 1972 asSegui | [16][17] | |
USS Wallace L. Lind | DD-703 | 14 February 1944 | 14 June 1944 | 8 September 1944 | 4 December 1973 | Sold toRepublic of Korea Navy 4 December 1973 asDae Gu | [18][19] | |
USS Borie | DD-704 | 29 February 1944 | 4 July 1944 | 21 September 1944 | 1 July 1972 | Sold to Argentina 1 July 1972 asHipólito Bouchard (D-26) | [20] | |
USS Compton | DD-705 | 28 March 1944 | 17 September 1944 | 4 November 1944 | 17 September 1972 | Sold toBrazil 27 September 1972 asMato Grosso | [21] | |
USS Gainard | DD-706 | 29 March 1944 | 17 September 1944 | 23 November 1944 | 26 February 1971 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping | [22] | |
USS Soley | DD-707 | 18 April 1944 | 8 September 1944 | 7 December 1944 | 13 February 1970 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise | [23] | |
USS Harlan R. Dickson | DD-708 | 23 May 1944 | 17 December 1944 | 17 February 1945 | 1 July 1972 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 4 January 1973 | [24][25] | |
USS Hugh Purvis | DD-709 | 23 May 1944 | 17 December 1944 | 1 March 1945 | 15 June 1972 | Sold toTurkey 1 July 1972 asZafer (F 253) | [26][27] | |
USS Barton | DD-722 | Bath Iron Works,Bath, Maine | 24 May 1943 | 10 October 1943 | 30 December 1943 | 22 January 1947 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise. | [28] |
11 April 1949 | 30 September 1968 | |||||||
USS Walke | DD-723 | 7 June 1943 | 27 October 1943 | 21 January 1944 | 30 May 1947 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 3 January 1975 | [29][30] | |
5 October 1950 | 30 November 1970 | |||||||
USS Laffey | DD-724 | 28 June 1943 | 21 November 1943 | 8 February 1944 | 30 June 1947 | Preserved as memorial and berthed at Patriot's Point, Charleston, South Carolina | [31][32] | |
26 January 1951 | 9 March 1975 | |||||||
USS O'Brien | DD-725 | 12 July 1943 | 8 December 1943 | 25 February 1944 | 4 October 1947 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 12 January 1972 | [33][34] | |
5 October 1950 | 18 February 1972 | |||||||
USS Meredith | DD-726 | 26 July 1943 | 21 December 1943 | 14 March 1944 | — | Sunk 9 June 1944, Wreck sold and scrapped 5 August 1960 | [35] | |
USS De Haven | DD-727 | 9 August 1943 | 9 January 1944 | 31 March 1944 | 3 December 1973 | Sold toRepublic of Korea Navy, 5 December 1973 asIncheon | [36][37] | |
USS Mansfield | DD-728 | 28 August 1943 | 29 January 1944 | 14 April 1944 | 4 February 1971 | Sold toArgentina 4 June 1974 for spare parts | [38][39] | |
USS Lyman K. Swenson | DD-729 | 11 September 1943 | 12 February 1944 | 2 May 1944 | 12 February 1971 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts | [40][41] | |
USS Collett | DD-730 | 11 October 1943 | 5 March 1944 | 16 May 1944 | 18 December 1970 | Sold toArgentina in 1974 asPiedra Buena (D-29) | [42][43] | |
USS Maddox | DD-731 | 28 October 1943 | 19 March 1944 | 2 June 1944 | 2 July 1972 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy asPo Yang | [44][45] | |
USS Hyman | DD-732 | 22 November 1943 | 8 April 1944 | 16 June 1944 | 16 November 1969 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping | [46] | |
USS Mannert L. Abele | DD-733 | 9 December 1943 | 23 April 1944 | 4 July 1944 | — | Sunk by anOhka bomb during the battle for Okinawa 12 April 1945 | [47] | |
USS Purdy | DD-734 | 22 December 1943 | 7 May 1944 | 18 July 1944 | 2 July 1973 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974 | [48] | |
USS Drexler | DD-741 | 24 April 1944 | 3 September 1944 | 14 November 1944 | — | Sunk bykamikaze 28 May 1945 | [49] | |
USS Blue | DD-744 | Bethlehem Staten Island,Staten Island,New York | 30 June 1943 | 28 November 1943 | 20 March 1944 | 14 February 1947 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 28 April 1977 | [50][51] |
14 May 1949 | 12 December 1949 | |||||||
15 September 1950 | 27 January 1971 | |||||||
USS Brush | DD-745 | 30 July 1943 | 28 December 1943 | 17 April 1944 | 27 October 1969 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 9 December 1969 asHsiang Yang | [52] | |
USS Taussig | DD-746 | 30 August 1943 | 25 January 1944 | 20 May 1944 | 1 December 1970 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy as secondLo Yang (DDG-914). Sold as scrap in 2013. | [53][54] | |
USS Samuel N. Moore | DD-747 | 30 September 1943 | 23 February 1944 | 24 June 1944 | 24 October 1969 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 10 December 1969 asHeng Yang (DD-2) | [55] | |
USS Harry E. Hubbard | DD-748 | 30 October 1943 | 24 March 1944 | 22 July 1944 | 15 January 1947 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping | [56] | |
14 May 1949 | 12 December 1949 | |||||||
27 October 1950 | 17 October 1969 | |||||||
USS Alfred A. Cunningham | DD-752 | 23 February 1944 | 3 August 1944 | 23 November 1944 | August 1949 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 10 January 1979 | [57][58] | |
5 October 1950 | 24 February 1971 | |||||||
USS John R. Pierce | DD-753 | 24 March 1944 | 1 September 1944 | 30 December 1944 | 1 May 1947 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 10 January 1974 | [59][60] | |
11 April 1949 | 2 July 1973 | |||||||
USS Frank E. Evans | DD-754 | 21 April 1944 | 3 October 1944 | 3 February 1945 | 11 May 1949 | Disposed of in support of Fleet training exercise, 10 October 1969 | [61][62] | |
15 September 1950 | 1 July 1969 | |||||||
USS John A. Bole | DD-755 | 20 May 1944 | 1 November 1944 | 3 March 1945 | 6 November 1970 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts | [63][64] | |
USS Beatty | DD-756 | 4 July 1944 | 30 November 1944 | 31 March 1945 | 14 July 1972 | Sold to Venezuela 14 July 1972 asCarabobo | [65] | |
USS Putnam | DD-757 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation,San Francisco, California | 11 July 1943 | 26 March 1944 | 12 October 1944 | 6 January 1950 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974 | [66][67] |
October 1950 | 6 August 1973 | |||||||
USS Strong | DD-758 | 25 July 1943 | 23 April 1944 | 8 March 1945 | 9 May 1947 | Sold to Brazil, 31 October 1973, asRio Grande do Norte (D-37) | [68][69] | |
14 May 1949 | 31 October 1973 | |||||||
USS Lofberg | DD-759 | 4 November 1943 | 12 August 1944 | 26 April 1945 | 15 January 1971 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 6 May 1974 for spare parts | [70][71] | |
USS John W. Thomason | DD-760 | 21 November 1943 | 30 September 1944 | 11 October 1945 | 8 December 1970 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 6 May 1974 asNan Yang | [72][73] | |
USS Buck | DD-761 | 1 February 1944 | 11 March 1945 | 28 June 1946 | 15 July 1973 | Sold toBrazil 16 July 1973 asAlagoas | [74][75] | |
USS Henley | DD-762 | 8 February 1944 | 8 April 1945 | 8 October 1946 | 1 March 1950 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 6 January 1974 | [76][77] | |
23 September 1950 | 1 July 1973 | |||||||
USS Lowry | DD-770 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding,San Pedro, California,Terminal Island | 1 August 1943 | 6 February 1944 | 23 July 1944 | 30 June 1947 | Sold toBrazil 31 October 1973 asEspirito Santo | [78][79] |
27 December 1950 | 29 October 1973 | |||||||
USS Hugh W. Hadley | DD-774 | 6 February 1944 | 16 July 1944 | 25 November 1944 | 15 December 1945 | Sold 2 September 1947 for scrap | [80] | |
USS Willard Keith | DD-775 | 5 March 1944 | 29 August 1944 | 27 December 1944 | 20 June 1947 | Sold toColombia asCaldas (DD-02) | [81] | |
23 October 1950 | 1 July 1972 | |||||||
USS James C. Owens | DD-776 | 9 April 1944 | 1 October 1944 | 17 February 1945 | 3 April 1950 | Sold toBrazil 15 July 1973 asSergipe | [82][83] | |
20 September 1950 | 15 July 1973 | |||||||
USS Zellars | DD-777 | Todd Pacific Shipyards,Seattle, Washington | 24 December 1943 | 19 July 1944 | 25 October 1944 | 19 March 1971 | Sold toIran 12 October 1973 asBabr | [84] |
USS Massey | DD-778 | 14 January 1944 | 12 September 1944 | 24 November 1944 | 17 September 1973 | Disposed of, sold by Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for scrapping, 10 January 1974 | [85][86] | |
USS Douglas H. Fox | DD-779 | 31 January 1944 | 30 September 1944 | 26 December 1944 | 21 April 1950 | Sold toChile 8 January 1974Ministro Portales (DD-17) | [87][88] | |
15 November 1950 | 15 December 1973 | |||||||
USS Stormes | DD-780 | 15 February 1944 | 4 November 1944 | 27 January 1945 | 5 December 1970 | Sold toIran 16 February 1972Palang (DDG-9) | [89] | |
USS Robert K. Huntington | DD-781 | 29 February 1944 | 5 December 1944 | 3 March 1945 | 31 October 1973 | Sold toVenezuela asFalcon | [90][91] | |
USS Bristol | DD-857 | Bethlehem Shipbuilding,San Pedro, California,Terminal Island | 5 May 1944 | 29 October 1944 | 17 March 1945 | 21 November 1969 | Sold toRepublic of China Navy 9 December 1969Hua Yang | [92] |