
This is an index of lists detailing military conflicts involving theUnited States, organized by time period. Although the United States has formallydeclared war only five times and these declarations cover a total of 11 separate instances against specific nations, there are currently 187 non-colonial military conflicts included in these lists, seven of which are ongoing. Between all six lists, there are currently 224 military conflicts.[1]
Formal declarations of war include theWar of 1812 (United Kingdom), theMexican–American War (Mexico), theSpanish-American War (Spain),World War I (Germany andAustria-Hungary) andWorld War II (Japan,Germany,Italy,Bulgaria,Hungary andRomania).[2]
Since World War II, the U.S. has engaged in numerous military operationsauthorized by Congress or initiated by the executive branch without formal declarations of war; notable examples include theCold War (theKorean War, theVietnam War, and theGulf War) and thewar on terror (thewar in Afghanistan, theIraq War, thesecond Iraq War, and theSyria War).
As of the current date, the United States is involved in 7 publicly known military engagements across 5 different wars. Wars with direct U.S. involvement includewar on terror (Somalia,Syria andYemen) and thewar on drugs (U.S. military campaign). Wars with indirect U.S. involvement include theRusso-Ukrainian War (U.S. involvement), theGaza War (U.S. involvement), and theIsrael–Hezbollah conflict.[Note 1]
| Criteria for inclusion on these lists |
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| 1. UnderArticle I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution,Congress holds the exclusivepower to declare war. The United States has only officially declared war five times in theWar of 1812, theMexican–American War, theSpanish–American War,World War I, andWorld War II. These declarations cover a total of 11 separate instances against specific nations.[3][4] This would excludeAmerican Civil War, theVietnam War or theWar in Afghanistan, in addition to many other conflicts out of these lists. To display a wider sense of the scope of U.S. involvement in "wars", these lists focus on any military conflicts involving the United States military regardless of size. |
| 2. There are several related articles that cover other forms of violence, such asAttacks on the United States,List of rebellions in the United States,List of massacres in the United States, and list ofFamily feuds in the United States.List of conflicts in the United States covers any type of violent action in the U.S., ranging from isolated homicide, to wars that would meet the criteria for inclusion in this article series. |
| 3. These lists do not focus on small-scale rebellions, single terror attacks, riots, assassinations, labor wars, state wars, feuds, range wars, or gang wars, as much as military conflicts involving the United States military (U.S. Army,U.S. Navy,U.S. Marine Corps,U.S. Airforce,U.S. Coast Guard (when acting in a military capacity),U.S. Space Force, theUnited States Intelligence Agencies (when acting in a military capacity; for instance, theSpecial Activities Center), theUnited States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps,NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps,Merchant Marines, and U.S.private military companies. |
| 4. These lists may include operations against piracy, if it involves the United States military, but generally should cover a whole operation and not a single action or battle, unless that particular operation was wide but only consisted of one major battle. For example,Operation Ocean Shield included several conflicts such as theDai Hong Dan incident and theMaersk Alabama hijacking. Operation Ocean Shield can be included, because it is part of a wider conflict, but theDai Hong Dan incident and theMaersk Alabama hijacking would not. Similarly, theAegean Sea anti-piracy operations of the United States had several battles, but only one more thoroughly reported (Battle of Doro Passage). These operations would be included, but not the Battle of Doro Passage. An exception to the rule of single battles is if a conflict is a punitive action or hostage rescue mission and marks a single operation that only involved one battle, such as theBattle of Ty-ho Bay. |
| 5.List of 17th-century wars involving the Thirteen Colonies andList of 18th-century wars involving the Thirteen Colonies both serve as a historical prequel, in that they focus on the colonies and territories that would later make up the United States. As such, the criteria will be similar and different in several respects.[Note 2] |
| 6. These lists do not include conflicts where the United States was involved only in providing military aid (weapons, ammunition, vehicles and other equipment), humanitarian aid, financial assistance or diplomatic support to other parties (e.g.,Bangladesh Liberation War,Calderonista invasion of Costa Rica,Haitian conflict,Nepalese Civil War, orWestern Sahara War). |
| This article is part of a series on the |
| Wars of the United States |
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| Thirteen Colonies |
| United States |