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List of red dwarfs

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This is a list of exceptionalred dwarfs.

List of titleholding red dwarf stars

[edit]

This is a list of red dwarfs that currently hold records.

List of red dwarf firsts

[edit]
Firsts
Record TitleStarDateDataNotes
First discoveredLacaille 87601753Originally listed in a 1763 catalog that was published posthumously by Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille.[1]
First discovered with planet(s)Gliese 8761998Gliese 876 b

The Jovian planet was the first discovered around a red dwarf.

[2][3]
First discovered with giant planet(s)Gliese 8761998Gliese 876 bThegiant planet was the first planet discovered around a red dwarf.[2][3]
First discovered with terrestrial planet(s)Kepler-42
(KOI-961)		2012KOI-961 b
KOI-961 c
KOI-961 d		3terrestrial planets were discovered around KOI-961 in 2012, the first terrestrial planets found to orbit a red dwarf.[4]

List of red dwarf extremes

[edit]
Extremes
Record TitleStarDateDataNotesReferences
Least voluminousEBLM J0555-57Ab2017r= 59,000 km (37,000 mi)[5]
Most voluminousSz7420173.13±0.72 R☉[6]
Least massive2MASS J0523-1403201567.54±12.79MJ[7]
Most massiveKepler-8020120.73M☉[8]
Least distantProxima Centauri19174.2 ly (1.3 pc)
Further information:§ List of nearest red dwarfs

This is also known asAlpha Centauri C and is a member of the α Cen trinary system. It is the nearest neighbouring star to the Sun.

[9]
Most distantUDF 35612010202,000ly

(62,000pc)

[10]
Least luminous2MASS J0523-1403[7]
Most luminous
DimmestUDF 2457V= 25
Further information:§ List of dimmest red dwarfs
[11]
BrightestLacaille 8760V= 6.69

Also calledAX Microscopii. This is the 24th closest star to the Sun, and also intrinsically luminous for red dwarfs, having spectral class M0.

[12][13]
YoungestSeeT Tauri star
OldestSeecool subdwarfs
Further information:§ List of oldest red dwarfs

List of named red dwarfs

[edit]

This is a list of red dwarfs with names that are not systematically designated.

StarNamingNotes
Proxima CentauriNamed for being the closest neighbouring star to Earth's SunLies within theAlpha Centauri star system[9]
Barnard's StarNamed after its discoverer,E. E. BarnardSecond closest neighbouring star system to Earth, after α Cen. Also the star with the highest proper motion.[14]
van Biesbroeck's starNamed for its discoverer,George van BiesbroeckWas once the least luminous, and, lowest mass, known star.[15]
Kapteyn's starNamed for the astronomer who discovered it had gone missing,Jacobus KapteynWas once the star with the highestproper motion, thus making it move away from its recorded position in the sky and go "missing".[14]
Teegarden's StarNamed after the lead investigator astrophysicist who discovered it,Bonnard J. Teegarden, through a datacrunching search of archived data.

List of nearest red dwarfs

[edit]
See also:List of nearest stars
StarDistance
ly (pc)		Notes
1Proxima Centauri4.2 ly (1.3 pc)Part of theα Cen trinary system, the closest neighbouring star system. It is also the nearest neighbouring star.[9]
2Barnard's Star5.95 ly (1.82 pc)Second closest neighbouring star system[16]
3Wolf 3597.86 ly (2.41 pc)Also calledCN Leonis
4Lalande 211858.3 ly (2.5 pc)
5Luyten 726-88.7 ly (2.7 pc)This is a binary star system with two red dwarfs
6Ross 1549.68 ly (2.97 pc)[citation needed]

List of least voluminous red dwarfs

[edit]
See also:List of least voluminous stars
StarRadius
Solar radii
(Sun = 1)		Radius
Jupiter radii
(Jupiter = 1)		Radius
km
(mi)		Notes
1EBLM J0555-57Ab0.0840.8459,000 km (37,000 mi)This star is slightly larger than the planetSaturn.[17][18][19]
22MASS J0523-14030.0860.8660,000 km (37,000 mi)[20][21][22]

Timeline of smallest red dwarf recordholders

[edit]

This is a list of titleholders of being the red dwarf with the smallest volume, and its succession over time.

List of smallest red dwarf titleholders
StarDateRadius
Solar radii
(Sun = 1)		Radius
Jupiter radii
(Jupiter = 1)		Radius
km
(mi)		Notes
EBLM J0555-57Ab2017—0.0840.8459,000 km (37,000 mi)This star is slightly larger than the planetSaturn.[17][18][19]
2MASS J0523-14032013-20170.0860.8660,000 km (37,000 mi)[20][21][22]
OGLE-TR-122B2005-20130.1201.1681,100 km (50,400 mi)[23][24][25]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Croswell, Ken (July 2003),"The Brightest Red Dwarf",Sky & Telescope: 32, retrieved2019-08-31.
  2. ^abMarietta DiChristina (September 1998). "Other Worlds".Popular Science. pp. 77–79.
  3. ^abDelfosse, Xavier; Forveille, Thierry; Mayor, Michel; Perrier, Christian; Naef, Dominique; Queloz, Didier (1998). "The closest extrasolar planet. A giant planet around the M4 dwarf GL 876".Astronomy and Astrophysics.338:L67 –L70.arXiv:astro-ph/9808026.Bibcode:1998A&A...338L..67D.
  4. ^Deborah Williams-Hedges (13 January 2012)."Tiny planet triplets orbit dwarf star". Futurity.
  5. ^von Boetticher, Alexander; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Queloz, Didier; Gill, Sam; Lendl, Monika; Delrez, Laetitia; Anderson, David R.; Cameron, Andrew Collier; Faedi, Francesca; Gillon, Michaël; Chew, Yilen Gómez Maqueo; Hebb, Leslie; Hellier, Coel; Jehin, Emmanuël; Maxted, Pierre F. L. (August 2017)."The EBLM project III. A Saturn-size low-mass star at the hydrogen-burning limit".Astronomy & Astrophysics.604: L6.arXiv:1706.08781.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731107.ISSN 0004-6361.
  6. ^Alcalá, J. M.; et al. (April 2017), "X-shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus. Accretion properties of class II and transitional objects",Astronomy & Astrophysics,600: 42,arXiv:1612.07054,Bibcode:2017A&A...600A..20A,doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629929,S2CID 119211262, A20.
  7. ^abFilippazzo, Joseph C.; Rice, Emily L.;Faherty, Jacqueline; Cruz, Kelle L.; Gordon, Mollie M. Van; Looper, Dagny L. (September 2015). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime".The Astrophysical Journal.810 (2): 158.arXiv:1508.01767.Bibcode:2015ApJ...810..158F.doi:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158.ISSN 0004-637X.S2CID 89611607.
  8. ^Martin, Pierre-Yves (2023)."Planet Kepler-80 b".Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved2023-11-01.
  9. ^abcI.S. Glass (2007). "The Discovery of the Nearest Star".Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa.66 (11 and 12) (published December 2007):244–262.Bibcode:2007MNSSA..66..244G.
  10. ^Kilic, Mukremin; Gianninas, Alexandros; von Hippel, Ted (2013-08-19)."Moving Objects in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field".The Astrophysical Journal.774 (1): 88.arXiv:1307.5067.Bibcode:2013ApJ...774...88K.doi:10.1088/0004-637x/774/1/88.ISSN 0004-637X.S2CID 118470451.
  11. ^"SKY-MAP.ORG - Interactive Sky Map".www.wikisky.org. Retrieved2023-11-01.
  12. ^Ken Croswell (July 2002)."The Brightest Red Dwarf".Sky and Telescope. p. 38.
  13. ^David Tytell (2013)."Lalande 21185: The Brightest Red Dwarf for the Rest of Us"(PDF).{{cite magazine}}:Cite magazine requires|magazine= (help)
  14. ^abLiz Kruesi (28 November 2005)."The discoverers of Kapteyn's Star".Astronomy Magazine (published January 2006).
  15. ^Peter van de Kamp (April 1953)."Stars Nearer than Five Parsecs".Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.65 (383):73–77.Bibcode:1953PASP...65...73V.doi:10.1086/126538.
  16. ^"Barnard's star | Distance, Facts, & Planet".Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved2019-11-13.
  17. ^abEric Mack (11 July 2017)."Saturn-sized star is the smallest ever discovered". cnet.
  18. ^ab"Smallest-ever star discovered by astronomers". University of Cambridge. 2017.
  19. ^abAlexander von Boetticher; Amaury H.M.J. Triaud; Didier Queloz; Sam Gill; Monika Lendl; Laetitia Delrez; David R. Anderson; Andrew Collier Cameron; Francesca Faedi; Michaël Gillon; Yilen Gómez Maqueo Chew; Leslie Hebb; Coel Hellier; Emmanuël Jehin; Pierre F.L. Maxted; David V. Martin; Francesco Pepe; Don Pollacco; Damien Ségransan; Barry Smalley; Stéphane Udry; Richard West (12 June 2017). "The EBLM project; III. A Saturn-size low-mass star at the hydrogen-burning limit".Astronomy & Astrophysics.604 (6): L6.arXiv:1706.08781.Bibcode:2017A&A...604L...6V.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731107.S2CID 54610182. EBLM_III.
  20. ^abGarmany, Katy."NOAO/SOAR: Where do stars end and brown dwarfs begin?". National Optical Astronomy Observatory. Retrieved14 December 2013.
  21. ^abJohn Bochanski (23 December 2013)."New Cutoff for Star Sizes". Sky and Telescope.
  22. ^abSergio B. Dieterich; Todd J. Henry; Wei-Chun Jao; Jennifer G. Winters; Altonio D. Hosey; Adric R. Riedel; John P. Subasavage (May 2014). "The Solar Neighborhood XXXII. The Hydrogen Burning Limit".The Astronomical Journal.147 (5): 25.arXiv:1312.1736.Bibcode:2014AJ....147...94D.doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/5/94.S2CID 21036959. 94.
  23. ^Robert Roy Britt (3 March 2005)."Newfound Star Smaller than Some Planets".Space.com.
  24. ^Jonathan O'Callaghan; Josh Barker (National Space Centre) (22 March 2013)."What is the smallest star?". SpaceAnswers.com.
  25. ^Pont, F.; Melo, C. H. F.; Bouchy, F.; Udry, S.; Queloz, D.; Mayor, M.; Santos, N. C. (27 January 2005). "A planet-sized transiting star around OGLE-TR-122. Accurate mass and radius near the hydrogen-burning limit".Astronomy and Astrophysics.433 (2) (published April 2005): L21–L24.arXiv:astro-ph/0501611.Bibcode:2005A&A...433L..21P.doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200500025.S2CID 14799999.
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