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The following is the list of political parties inNepal registered in theElection Commission.[1]
A party registered with theElection Commission of Nepal is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils the two conditions listed below:[2][3]
There are currently eight national parties in Nepal.[4]
^ a: TheNSP only collaborated with theCPN (MC) for the2022 Nepalese general election using CPN (MC)'s election symbol as a common symbol for both the parties.[6] Out of their 32 seats combined in the2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal, 2 seats are of the NSP:Mahindra Ray Yadav elected directly andUmrawati Devi Yadav from the PR Category. The NSP alone did not secure a national party status.
A political party securing less than 3% of the PR votes will have to send its directly elected or FPTP candidates to the parliament as independent lawmakers. In other words, candidates from any political party failing to meet the criteria to become a national party will be ineligible to be represented in parliament as a party.[2][7]
There are currently five such political parties which failed to achieve national status yet are represented in Nepal'sParliament.[4]
| Party | Founded | Political position | Ideology | Leader | Federal Parliament | Provincial Assemblies | Local government | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pratinidhi Sabha | Rastriya Sabha | Koshi | Madhesh | Bagmati | Gandaki | Lumbini | Karnali | Sudur pashchim | Heads | Councillors | |||||||
 | Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत समाजवादी) | 2021 | Left-wing | Communism Marxist–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy | Madhav Kumar Nepal | 10 / 275 | 8 / 59 | 4 / 93 | 7 / 107 | 7 / 110 | 1 / 60 | 1 / 87 | 1 / 40 | 4 / 53 | 20 / 753 | 987 / 35,097 | |
 | Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal (Democratic Socialist Party, Nepal) लोकतान्त्रिक समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल | 2021 | Centre-left | Social democracy Third way | Mahantha Thakur | 4 / 275 | 1 / 59 | — | 9 / 107 | — | — | 3 / 87 | — | — | 16 / 753 | 581 / 35,097 | |
.svg) | Nagrik Unmukti Party (People's Freedom Party) नागरिक उन्मुक्ति पार्टी | 2022 | Centre-left | Social democracy Tharu rights | Ranjeeta Shrestha | 3 / 275 | — | — | 1 / 107 | — | — | 4 / 87 | — | 8 / 53 | 4 / 753 | 99 / 35,097 | |
 | Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party (Nepal Workers Peasants Party) नेपाल मजदुर किसान पार्टी | 1975 | Far-left | Marxism–Leninism Maoism Juche | Narayan Man Bijukchhe | 1 / 275 | — | — | — | 3 / 110 | — | — | — | — | 1 / 753 | 85 / 35,097 | |
 | Rastriya Janamorcha (National People's Front) राष्ट्रिय जनमोर्चा | 2006 | Far-left | Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-federalism | Chitra Bahadur K.C. | 1 / 275 | 1 / 59 | — | — | — | — | 1 / 87 | — | — | 4 / 753 | 159 / 35,097 | |
| Party | Founded | Political position | Leader | Provincial Assemblies | Local government | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head | Councillors | Local councils | ||||||||
.svg) | Hamro Nepali Party (Our Nepali Party) हाम्रो नेपाली पार्टी | 2022 | Big tent | Ananta Raj Ghimire | Bagmati | 2 / 110 | — | — | — | |
 | Nepal Federal Socialist Party नेपाल संघीय समाजवादी पार्टी | 2016 | Centre-left | Mohammad Rizwan Ansari | Madhesh | 1 / 107 | — | — | — | |
| Party | Political position | Leader | Local government | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head | Councillors | Local councils | |||||
 | People's Progressive Party जनता प्रगतिशील पार्टी | Centre-left | Hridayesh Tripathi | 1 / 753 | 22 / 35,097 | Marchawari | |
 | Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party (Terai Madhesh Democratic Party) तराई-मधेस लोकतान्त्रिक पार्टी | Brikhesh Chandra Lal | 1 / 753 | 12 / 35,097 | Janakpur & Mahottari | ||
 | Bibeksheel Sajha Party विवेकशील साझा पार्टी | Samikshya Baskota | 1 / 753 | 11 / 35,097 | Pheta | ||
 | Nepal Janata Party (Nepal People's Party) नेपाल जनता पार्टी | Right-wing | Tribhuvan Nath Pathak | — | 10 / 35,097 | Kamala & Kotahimai | |
 | Sanghiya Loktantrik Rastriya Manch (Federal Democratic National Front) संघीय लोकतान्त्रिक राष्ट्रिय मञ्च | Centre-left | Kumar Lingden | — | 9 / 35,097 | Chulachuli, Kankai, Pathibhara Yanwarak & Sidingwa | |
 | Nepali Congress (B.P.) नेपाली कांग्रेस (बि.पी.) | Centre-left | Sushil Man Sherchan | — | 7 / 35,097 | Amargadhi & Ganyapadhura | |
 | Nepal Loktantrik Party (Nepal Democratic Party) नेपाल लोकतान्त्रिक पार्टी | Centre-left | Bhanuram Dagaura Tharu | — | 7 / 35,097 | Kalaiya & Lamki Chuha | |
 | Rastriya Janamukti Party (National People's Liberation Party) राष्ट्रिय जनमुक्ति पार्टी | Centre-left | Khadak Prasad Palungwa | — | 7 / 35,097 | Butwal, | |
 | Bahujan Shakti Party (Bahujan Power Party) बहुजन शक्ति पार्टी | Centre-left | Bishwendra Paswan | — | 6 / 35,097 | Krishnanagar & | |
 | Bahujan Ekata Party Nepal (Bahujan Unity Party Nepal) बहुजन एकता पार्टी नेपाल | Left-wing | Harinandan Kumar Ranjan | — | 5 / 35,097 | Barahathawa | |
 | Nepal Sushashan Party (Nepal Good Governance Party) नेपाल सुशासन पार्टी | Ramesh Prasad Kharel | — | 4 / 35,097 | Pokhariya | ||
 | Communist Party of Nepal Maoist Socialist नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी माओवादी समाजवादी | Left-wing | Karnajit Budhathoki | — | 2 / 35,097 | Sarkegadh | |
 | Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Nepal Goodwill Party) नेपाल सद्भावना पार्टी | Ram Kumar Mahato | — | 1 / 35,097 | Chhinnamasta | ||
| Party | Political position | Leader |
|---|---|---|
| Nepal Pariwar Dal | Centre-right | Ek Nath Dhakal |
| Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) | Left-wing | Chandra Prakash Mainali |
| Shree Mahendra Dal(Shreemad), Nepal | Sushil K. Bisht | |
| Khambuwan Rashtriya Morcha, Nepal | Ram Kumar Rai | |
| Bouddhik Prajatantrik Parishad | Laxman Rajbanshi | |
| Jana Jagaran Party Nepal | Lokmani Dhakal | |
| Samajvadi Janata Party | Centre-left | Prem Bahadur Singh |
| Sanghiya Loktantrik Rastriya Manch (Tharuhat) | Rukmini Chaudhary | |
| Madhesh Terai Forum | Amar Yadav | |
| Nepal Communist Party (Marxist) | Far-left | Prakash Adhikari |
| Communist Party of Nepal | Far-left | Rishi Ram Kattel |
| Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum Madhesh | Bhagya Nath Gupta | |
| Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist-Socialist) | Far-left | Bishnu Raj Aryal |
| Shiva Sena Nepal | Right-wing tofar-right | Arun Subedi |
| Nepal Sukumbasi Party (Loktantrik) | Hukum Bahadur Lama | |
| Bahujan Samaj Party Nepal | Centre-left | Ganga Prasad Mahara |
| Deshbhakta Paryabaraniya Samajik Morcha | Centre | Surendra Prasad Dhakal |
| Rastrabadi Ekta Party | Uma Shrestha | |
| Tamangsaling Loktantrik Party | ||
| Lok Dal | Kaushal Kumar Singh | |
| Deshbhakta Samaj | ||
| Janashakti Nepal | Ram Kumar Ojha | |
| Miteri Party Nepal | ||
| Rastriya Shiva Sena Party | Right-wing | Bikram Bahadur Bam |
| Akhanda Sudurpashchim Party Nepal | Khagendra Awasthi | |
| Nepal Prajatantrik Pragatisheel Party | ||
| Pichhadabarga Nishad Dalit Janajati Party | ||
| Janasamajvadi Party, Nepal | Centre-left | |
| Churebhavar Loktantrik Party | Bhumiraj Niraula | |
| Rastriya Churebhavar Party | Shiva Prasad Tamang | |
| Chure Bhawar Rastriya Party | Keshav Prasad Mainali | |
| Chure Bhawar Rastriya Ekta Party Nepal | Badri Neupane | |
| Rastriya Janata Dal Nepal | Bharat Prasad Mahato | |
| Lok Kalyankari Janata Party, Nepal | ||
| Nepal Samajbadi Party (Lohiyabadi) | Centre-left | |
| Gandhivadi Party Nepal | ||
| Rastravadi Party | ||
| Nepal Purvarastrasevak Loktantrik Party | ||
| Nepal Janaloktantrik Party | ||
| Nepal People's Party | ||
| Rastriya Jana Ekta Party | ||
| Hamro Party | ||
| Nepal Dalit Party | ||
| Hamro Party Nepal | ||
| Yuva Nepal Party | ||
| Nepal Loktantrik Janata Congress Party | ||
| Nepal Samajwadi Janata Dal | Left-wing | |
| Nepal Bahudal Party | Ambika Rana | |
| Prajatantrik Shakti Party | Centre-right | Ganesh Bahadur Shrestha |
| Nepali Jantantra Party | ||
| People's Progressive Party | Centre-left | Jukti Jung Lamichhane |
| Unnat Loktantra Party | N/A | Swagat Nepal |
This is a list of defunct political parties of Nepal that have had some representation in thelegislature.
President Xi's visit to Nepal in October 2019 came when the ruling communist party in Nepal has consolidated power following the merger of two major left-wing parties to form Nepal Communist Party (NCP) in May 2018.
