National parties

A party registered with theElection Commission of Nepal is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils the two conditions listed below:^[2][3]

• The party needs to win at least oneFPTP seat inPratinidhi Sabha.
• The party gets at least 3% of the total validproportional representation (PR) votes inPratinidhi Sabha.

There are currently eight national parties in Nepal.^[4]

Party			Founded	Political position	Ideology	Leader	Federal Parliament		Provincial Assemblies							Local government
							Pratinidhi Sabha	Rastriya Sabha	Koshi	Madhesh	Bagmati	Gandaki	Lumbini	Karnali	Sudur­pashchim	Heads	Councillors
		Nepali Congress नेपाली काँग्रेस	1950	Centre tocentre-left	Social democracy Democratic socialism	Gagan Thapa	88 / 275	24 / 59	29 / 93	22 / 107	37 / 110	27 / 60	27 / 87	15 / 40	18 / 53	331 / 753	13,773 / 35,097
		Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एमाले)	1991	Left-wing tofar-left	Communism Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy	K. P. Sharma Oli	79 / 275	11 / 59	40 / 93	23 / 107	27 / 110	22 / 60	33 / 87	10 / 40	10 / 53	205 / 753	11,929 / 35,097
		Nepali Communist Party नेपाली कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी	2025	Left-wing tofar-left	Communism Marxism–Leninism Maoism	Prachanda	42 / 275	18 / 59	17 / 93	17 / 107	28 / 110	8 / 60	10 / 87	14 / 40	23 / 53	150 / 753	6,131 / 35,097
		Rastriya Swatantra Party (National Independent Party) राष्ट्रिय स्वतन्त्र पार्टी	2022	Centre	Economic liberalism Progressivism	Rabi Lamichhane	21 / 275	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	1 / 51 [5]	1 / 753	12 / 35,097
		Rastriya Prajatantra Party (National Democratic Party) राष्ट्रिय प्रजातन्त्र पार्टी	1990	Centre-righttoright-wing	Constitutional monarchism Economic liberalism Hindutva	Rajendra Prasad Lingden	14 / 275	—N/a	6 / 93	1 / 107	13 / 110	2 / 60	4 / 87	1 / 40	1 / 53	4 / 753	305 / 35,097
		People's Socialist Party जनता समाजवादी पार्टी	2024	Centre-left toleft-wing	Democratic socialism Minority rights	Ashok Rai	7 / 275	—N/a	1 / 93	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	2 / 87	—N/a	—N/a	5 / 753	248 / 35,097
		Janamat Party (Public Opinion Party) जनमत पार्टी	2019	Centre-left	Social democracy Regionalism Madheshi rights	CK Raut	6 / 275	—N/a	—N/a	13 / 107	—N/a	—N/a	3 / 87	—N/a	—N/a	2 / 753	96 / 35,097
		People's Socialist Party, Nepal जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल	2020	Centre-left toleft-wing	Democratic socialism Minority rights	Upendra Yadav	5 / 275	3 / 59	—N/a	28 / 107	—N/a	—N/a	4 / 87	—N/a	—N/a	43 / 753	1,885 / 35,097
		Pragatisheel Loktantrik Party (Progressive Democratic Party) प्रगतिशील लोकतान्त्रिक पार्टी	2025	Left-wing	Democratic socialism	Baburam Bhattarai	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a

Other parties currently represented in the Federal parliament

A political party securing less than 3% of the PR votes will have to send its directly elected or FPTP candidates to the parliament as independent lawmakers. In other words, candidates from any political party failing to meet the criteria to become a national party will be ineligible to be represented in parliament as a party.^[2][6]

There are currently five such political parties which failed to achieve national status yet are represented in Nepal'sParliament.^[4]

Party			Founded	Political position	Ideology	Leader	Federal Parliament		Provincial Assemblies		Local government
							Pratinidhi Sabha	Rastriya Sabha	Bagmati	Lumbini	Heads	Councillors
		Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party (Nepal Workers Peasants Party) नेपाल मजदुर किसान पार्टी	1975	Far-left	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Juche	Narayan Man Bijukchhe	1 / 275	—N/a	3 / 110	—N/a	1 / 753	85 / 35,097
		Rastriya Janamorcha (National People's Front) राष्ट्रिय जनमोर्चा	2006	Far-left	Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-federalism	Chitra Bahadur K.C.	1 / 275	1 / 59	—N/a	1 / 87	4 / 753	159 / 35,097
		Aam Janata Party (Common People's Party) आम जनता पार्टी	2022	Far-left	Socialism	Prabhu Sah	1 / 275 [7]	—N/a	—N/a	—N/a	1 / 753	—N/a

Parties currently represented only in provincial assemblies

Parties represented only in local government

Other parties

Defunct parties

See also

References

External links