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Israel'spolitical system is based onproportional representation and allows for amulti-party system with numerous parties represented in the 120-seatKnesset.

A typical Knesset includes many factions represented. This is because of the lowelection threshold required for a seat – 1 percent of the vote from 1949 to 1992, 1.5 percent from 1992 to 2003, 2 percent from 2003 to 2014, and 3.25 percent since 2015. In the2015 elections, for instance, ten parties or alliances cleared the threshold, and five of them won at least ten seats. The low threshold, in combination with the nationwideparty-list system, makes it all but impossible for a single party to win the 61 seats needed for amajority government. No party has ever won a majority of seats in an election, the most being 56, won by theAlignment grouping in the1969 elections (the Alignment had briefly held a majority of seats before the elections, following its formation in January 1969).

As a result, while only four parties (or their antecedents) have ever led governments, all Israeli governments, as of 2024^[update], have beencoalitions comprising two or more parties.

The following parties are represented following the2022 election:

Party or alliance				Ideology	Political position	Symbol	Leader		Knesset	Status
	Likud[a]			Zionism Conservatism National conservatism Right-wing populism	Right-wing	מחל‎ م‌ح‌ل‎	Benjamin Netanyahu		36 / 120	Government
	Yesh Atid			Liberal Zionism Anti-clericalism Secularism Two-state solution	Centre[1]	פה‎ ف‌ه‎	Yair Lapid		24 / 120	Opposition
	Shas[a]			Religious Zionism[2] Sephardic andMizrahi interests Haredi interests Religious conservatism Social conservatism	Social:Right-wing Fiscal:Centre-left	שס‎ ش‌س‎	Aryeh Deri		11 / 120	Government
	Blue & White			Zionism	Centre to centre-right	כן‎ ك‌ن‎	Benny Gantz		8 / 120	Opposition
	Mafdal – Religious Zionism[a]			Religious Zionism Ultra-conservatism Ultra-nationalism	Far-right[3]	ט‎ ط‎	Bezalel Smotrich		7 / 120	Government
	United Torah Judaism[a]		Agudat Yisrael	Haredi-Ashkenazi interests Religious conservatism Social conservatism	Right-wing	ג‎ ج‎	Moshe Gafni		7 / 120	Government
			Degel HaTorah
	Otzma Yehudit[a]			Kahanism Ultranationalism	Far-right		Itamar Ben-Gvir		6 / 120	Government
	Yisrael Beiteinu			Revisionist Zionism Nationalism Conservatism Russian Jewish interests	Right-wing tofar-right	ל‎ ل‎	Avigdor Lieberman		6 / 120	Opposition
	United Arab List			Islamism Conservatism		עם‎ ع‌م‎‎	Mansour Abbas		5 / 120	Opposition
	Hadash– Ta'al		Hadash (Maki)	Israeli Arab interests Secularism Progressivism	Left-wing	ום‎ و‌م‎‎	Ayman Odeh		5 / 120	Opposition
			Ta'al
	The Democrats[b]			Social democracy Zionism Two-state solution	Centre-left[4] toleft-wing[5]		Yair Golan		4 / 120	Opposition
	Noam[a]			Religious Zionism Religious conservatism Social conservatism Fundamentalism	Far-right	כ‎	Avi Maoz		1 / 120	Government

• Bennett 2026
• Yashar
• Reservists

The following parties do not have Knesset seats at present:

The following parties changed their names

• Banai becameTehiya-Bnai, thenTehiya
• Emunim becameTkuma
• Equality in Israel-Panthers became theUnity Party
• Flatto-Sharon becameDevelopment and Peace
• Hitkhabrut became theRenewed Religious National Zionist Party, thenAhi
• Israel in the Centre became theCentre Party
• Meretz becameYachad, thenMeretz-Yachad, thenMeretz again
• Movement for Change and Initiative becameShinui
• Mizrachi-Hapoel HaMizrachi became theNational Religious Front, thenNational Religious Party, thenThe Jewish Home
• National Responsibility becameKadima
• National Unity - National Progressive Alliance becameProgressive National Alliance
• Parliamentary Group of Bronfman and Tsinker becameMakhar, then theDemocratic Choice
• Party for the Advancement of the Zionist Idea became theNew Liberal Party
• Rafi – National List becameOmetz
• Rakah becameMaki
• Secular Faction becameHetz
• Social-Democratic Faction became theIndependent Socialist Faction
• Shinui - Centre Party becameShinui - the Secular Movement, thenShinui - Party for the Secular and the Middle Class, but is generally known asShinui

• Politics of Israel
• List of political parties by country
• Liberalism in Israel
• Labor Zionism
• Revisionist Zionism

• Parties participating in the 2006 elections Knesset website(in English)
• All parliamentary groups Knesset website(in English)

• Political parties in Israel
• Defunct political parties in Israel
• Lists of political parties by country
• Israel politics-related lists
• Lists of political parties in Asia
• Lists of organizations based in Israel

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Use dmy dates from January 2019
• Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2024
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