ThePhilippines has sixmetropolitan areas established through Philippine Law (Development Body is in Parentheses):Manila (MMDA),[ 1] Metro Cebu (MCDCB),[ 2] Metro Naga (MNDA),[ 3] Metro Iloilo-Guimaras (MIGEDC),[ 4] Metro Davao (MDDA)[ 5] Metro BLISTT / Metro Baguio (MBLISTTDA).[ 6]
ThePhilippines has threemetropolitan areas officially recognized by theDepartment of Economy, Planning, and Development (DEPDev) for their prominence, population, size, and economy:Manila ,Cebu , andDavao .[ 7] [ 8] City of Manila , 15 neighboring cities, and one municipality. The largest by land area is Metro Davao inMindanao .
Previously, the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), DEPDev's predecessor, recognized ten other metropolitan areas:Metro Angeles ,Metro Bacolod ,Metro Baguio ,Metro Batangas ,Metro Cagayan de Oro ,Metro Dagupan ,Metro Iloilo–Guimaras ,Metro Naga , andMetro Olongapo . However, these were not included as official metropolises in the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan prepared by NEDA.[ 9] [ 10]
The official definitions of these metropolitan areas, listed below, do not always reflect the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For instance,the built-up area of Metro Manila has long extended beyond its borders into the neighboring provinces ofBulacan ,Cavite ,Laguna , andRizal .[ 11]
Metro area [ 7] Population (2020) [ 12] Area [ 13] [ 14] Density (2020) Managing agency km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi Metro Cebu 3,165,799 1,053.19 406.64 3,000 7,800 Metro Cebu Development and Coordinating Board[ 15] 10°06′12″N 123°38′26″E / 10.1033°N 123.6405°E /10.1033; 123.6405 (Carcar ) Carcar 136,453 116.78 45.09 1,200 3,100 10°18′32″N 123°53′35″E / 10.3090°N 123.8930°E /10.3090; 123.8930 (Cebu City ) Cebu City 964,169 315.00 121.62 3,100 8,000 10°27′26″N 124°00′37″E / 10.4571°N 124.0104°E /10.4571; 124.0104 (Compostela ) Compostela 55,874 53.90 20.81 1,000 2,600 10°22′35″N 123°57′26″E / 10.3765°N 123.9572°E /10.3765; 123.9572 (Consolacion ) Consolacion 148,012 37.03 14.30 4,000 10,000 10°15′05″N 123°57′00″E / 10.2515°N 123.9499°E /10.2515; 123.9499 (Cordova ) Cordova 70,595 17.15 6.62 4,100 11,000 10°31′14″N 124°01′37″E / 10.5205°N 124.0270°E /10.5205; 124.0270 (Danao ) Danao 156,321 107.30 41.43 1,500 3,900 10°18′39″N 123°56′58″E / 10.3109°N 123.9494°E /10.3109; 123.9494 (Lapu-Lapu ) Lapu-Lapu(Opon ) 497,604 58.10 22.43 8,600 22,000 10°24′01″N 123°59′57″E / 10.4002°N 123.9993°E /10.4002; 123.9993 (Liloan ) Liloan 153,197 45.92 17.73 3,300 8,500 10°19′28″N 123°56′34″E / 10.3245°N 123.9428°E /10.3245; 123.9428 (Mandaue ) Mandaue 364,116 25.18 9.72 14,000 36,000 10°14′42″N 123°47′47″E / 10.2450°N 123.7964°E /10.2450; 123.7964 (Minglanilla ) Minglanilla 151,002 65.60 25.33 2,300 6,000 10°12′33″N 123°45′24″E / 10.2093°N 123.7567°E /10.2093; 123.7567 (Naga ) Naga 133,184 101.97 39.37 1,300 3,400 10°09′51″N 123°42′21″E / 10.1643°N 123.7058°E /10.1643; 123.7058 (San Fernando ) San Fernando 72,224 69.39 26.79 1,000 2,600 10°14′41″N 123°50′50″E / 10.2446°N 123.8473°E /10.2446; 123.8473 (Talisay ) Talisay 263,048 39.87 15.39 6,600 17,000 Metro Davao 3,339,284 6,492.84 2,506.90 510 1,300 Metropolitan Davao Development Authority[ 16] 7°21′20″N 125°42′16″E / 7.3556°N 125.7045°E /7.3556; 125.7045 (Carmen ) Carmen 82,018 166.00 64.09 490 1,300 7°03′50″N 125°36′30″E / 7.0639°N 125.6083°E /7.0639; 125.6083 (Davao City ) Davao City 1,776,949 2,443.61 943.48 730 1,900 6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E /6.7443; 125.3565 (Digos ) Digos 188,376 287.10 110.85 660 1,700 6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E /6.7443; 125.3565 (Hagonoy ) Hagonoy 56,919 114.28 44.12 500 1,300 6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E /6.7443; 125.3565 (Maco ) Maco 83,237 342.23 132.14 240 620 6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E /6.7443; 125.3565 (Malalag ) Malalag 40,158 186.12 71.86 220 570 6°44′39″N 125°21′23″E / 6.7443°N 125.3565°E /6.7443; 125.3565 (Malita ) Malita 118,197 883.37 341.07 130 340 6°34′12″N 126°07′48″E / 6.5700°N 126.1300°E /6.5700; 126.1300 (Mati ) Mati 147,547 588.63 227.27 250 650 6°56′N 126°58′E / 6.94°N 126.97°E /6.94; 126.97 (Padada ) Padada 29,878 83.00 32.05 360 930 7°18′01″N 125°40′57″E / 7.3004°N 125.6826°E /7.3004; 125.6826 (Panabo ) Panabo 209,230 251.23 97.00 830 2,100 7°04′28″N 125°42′31″E / 7.0744°N 125.7086°E /7.0744; 125.7086 (Samal ) Samal 116,771 301.30 116.33 390 1,000 6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E /6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Cruz ) Santa Cruz 101,125 319.91 123.52 320 830 6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E /6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Maria ) Santa Maria 57,526 175.00 67.57 330 850 6°50′02″N 125°24′55″E / 6.8340°N 125.4154°E /6.8340; 125.4154 (Santa Maria ) Sulop 35,151 155.26 59.95 230 600 7°26′48″N 125°48′34″E / 7.4468°N 125.8095°E /7.4468; 125.8095 (Tagum ) Tagum 296,202 195.80 75.60 1,500 3,900 Metro Manila 13,484,462 633.11 244.45 21,000 54,000 Metropolitan Manila Development Authority 14°39′26″N 120°59′03″E / 14.6571°N 120.9841°E /14.6571; 120.9841 (Caloocan ) Caloocan 1,661,584 53.20 20.54 31,000 80,000 14°28′50″N 120°58′55″E / 14.4806°N 120.9819°E /14.4806; 120.9819 (Las Piñas ) Las Piñas 606,293 32.02 12.36 19,000 49,000 14°33′24″N 121°01′25″E / 14.5568°N 121.0235°E /14.5568; 121.0235 (Makati ) Makati 629,616 27.36 10.56 23,000 60,000 14°40′31″N 120°57′26″E / 14.6752°N 120.9573°E /14.6752; 120.9573 (Malabon ) Malabon 380,522 15.96 6.16 24,000 62,000 14°34′39″N 121°02′00″E / 14.5774°N 121.0334°E /14.5774; 121.0334 (Mandaluyong ) Mandaluyong 425,758 11.06 4.27 38,000 98,000 14°35′26″N 120°58′48″E / 14.5906°N 120.9799°E /14.5906; 120.9799 (Manila ) Manila 1,846,513 42.88 16.56 43,000 110,000 14°37′59″N 121°05′57″E / 14.6331°N 121.0993°E /14.6331; 121.0993 (Marikina ) Marikina 456,059 22.64 8.74 20,000 52,000 15°42′47″N 120°54′15″E / 15.7131°N 120.9041°E /15.7131; 120.9041 (Muntinlupa ) Muntinlupa 543,445 41.67 16.09 13,000 34,000 14°39′25″N 120°56′52″E / 14.6569°N 120.9478°E /14.6569; 120.9478 (Navotas ) Navotas 247,543 11.51 4.44 22,000 57,000 14°30′03″N 120°59′29″E / 14.5007°N 120.9915°E /14.5007; 120.9915 (Parañaque ) Parañaque 689,992 47.28 18.25 15,000 39,000 14°32′37″N 120°59′43″E / 14.5437°N 120.9954°E /14.5437; 120.9954 (Pasay ) Pasay 440,656 18.64 7.20 24,000 62,000 14°33′38″N 121°04′36″E / 14.5605°N 121.0767°E /14.5605; 121.0767 (Pasig ) Pasig 803,159 31.46 12.15 26,000 67,000 14°32′32″N 121°03′55″E / 14.5421°N 121.0654°E /14.5421; 121.0654 (Pateros ) Pateros 65,227 1.76 0.68 37,000 96,000 14°39′03″N 121°02′55″E / 14.6509°N 121.0486°E /14.6509; 121.0486 (Quezon City ) Quezon City 2,960,048 165.33 63.83 18,000 47,000 14°36′17″N 121°01′48″E / 14.6047°N 121.0299°E /14.6047; 121.0299 (San Juan ) San Juan 126,347 5.87 2.27 22,000 57,000 14°31′36″N 121°04′28″E / 14.5266°N 121.0744°E /14.5266; 121.0744 (Taguig ) Taguig 886,722 45.18 17.44 20,000 52,000 14°42′28″N 120°56′46″E / 14.7077°N 120.9462°E /14.7077; 120.9462 (Valenzuela ) Valenzuela 714,978 45.75 17.66 16,000 41,000
Sub-regional centers [ edit ] In 2020, 54% of the Philippine population lived in urban areas[ 17]
Metro Manila was created in 1975 with the establishment of the Metro Manila Commission. This commission, reorganized in 1986 as the Metro Manila Authority, was renamed in 1995 as theMetropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). While MMDA has no power over the local government units (LGUs) it covers, it has worked with the LGUs to solve issues that affect all of them such as traffic management.
The practice of creating an intercity board or agency to determine the limits of a metropolitan area has become common.[citation needed A number of proposals have been created to create similar metropolitan arrangements in other areas of the country. In 1997, Cebu created the Metropolitan Cebu Development Council (MCDC), which was renamed the Metropolitan Cebu Development and Coordinating Board (MCDCB) in 2011. In 2022, Baguio[ 18]
List of built-up urban areas [ edit ] The following table lists urban areas in the Philippines, with a population of over 500,000, according to Demographia's "World Urban Areas" study as of 2023. Demographia defines an urban area as a continuously built up land mass of urban development that is within a labor and housing market, without regard for administrative boundaries.[ 19]
Rank Urban Area Est. Population Built-up Area (sq miles) Built-up Area (sq km) Pop. Density (per sq miles) Pop. Density (per sq km) 1 Manila 24,156,000 738 1,911 32,732 12,638 2 Cebu City 2,482,000 79 205 31,418 12,130 3 Davao City 1,379,000 50 130 27,580 10,649 4 Cagayan de Oro 723,000 27 70 26,778 10,339 5 Angeles City 712,000 72 186 9,889 3,818 6 Bacolod 611,000 32 83 19,094 7,372 7 Iloilo City 542,000 35 91 15,486 5,979 8 Zamboanga City 539,000 21 54 25,667 9,910 9 General Santos 529,000 36 93 14,694 5,674
Metro Manila
Metro Cebu
Metro Davao
^ "AN ACT CREATING THE METROPOLITAN MANILA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, DEFINING ITS POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES" .Arellano Law Foundation .^ "Fizzling of 'Ceboom': Insights from Hutchcroft and Gera's study (Part 2) by Ian Manticajon" .Philippine Star .^ "The Metro Naga Development Council: Treading New Grounds" .Naga.gov.ph .^ "CREATING THE METRO ILOILO-GUIMARAS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL (MIGEDC)" .Arellano Law Foundation .^ "AN ACT CREATING THE METROPOLITAN DAVAO DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, DEFINING ITS POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR" .Supreme Court E-Library .^ "AN ACT CREATING THE METROPOLITAN BAGUIO CITY, LA TRINIDAD, ITOGON, SABLAN, TUBA, AND TUBLAY DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MBLISTTDA), DEFINING ITS POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR Courtesy of Daily Tribune" .Supreme Court E-Library .^a b "Chapter 3: Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics" (PDF) .Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022 .National Economic and Development Authority :37– 38. 2017. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on July 25, 2020. RetrievedAugust 1, 2020 .^ "Overlay of Economic Growth, Demographic Trends, and Physical Characteristics" (PDF) .National Economic Development Authority of the Philippines .^ "Building Globally Competitive Metro Areas in the Philippines" (PDF) .National Economic and Development Authority the original (PDF) on October 4, 2013. RetrievedFebruary 6, 2014 .^ Encarnacion, Ronnie; Magnaye, Dina; Castro, Annlouise Genevieve (January 4, 2023)."Spatial Analysis of Local Competitiveness: Relationship of Economic Dynamism of Cities and Municipalities in Major Regional Metropolitan Areas in the Philippines" (PDF) .Sustainability .15 (2): 4.doi :10.3390/su15020950 ResearchGate . ^ "Demographia World Urban Areas, 12th Annual Edition: 2016:04" (PDF) . 2016. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on February 21, 2017. RetrievedMarch 24, 2017 .Higher than other estimates, which are largely limited to the National Capital Region. Continuous urbanization extends into Cavite, Laguna, Bulucan [sic ^ Census of Population (2020).Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region Philippine Statistics Authority . Retrieved8 July 2021 . ^ "Philippine Standard Geographic Code" .PSGC Interactive . Quezon City, Philippines:Philippine Statistics Authority . Archived fromthe original on July 6, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 9, 2016 .^ "Philippine Standard Geographic Code" .PSGC Interactive . Quezon City, Philippines:Philippine Statistics Authority . Archived fromthe original on July 6, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 9, 2016 .^ "What is MCDCB?" .Mega Cebu Blog . March 2, 2014. RetrievedJanuary 11, 2017 .^ Joviland Rita (April 27, 2022)."Duterte OKs creation of Metropolitan Davao Development Authority" .GMA News Online . Retrieved27 April 2022 . ^ "Urban Population of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)" .Philippine Statistics Authority . 5 July 2022. Retrieved7 May 2023 .^ Keith, Gaby B."Metro Baguio Devt Authority now a law" The Manila Times . RetrievedMay 28, 2023 . ^ Cox, Wendell (August 2023)."World Urban Areas 19th Annual: 2023" (PDF) .Demographia . Retrieved1 October 2024 .
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