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List of massacres in Kosovo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected fromList of massacres in the Kosovo War)

Part ofa series on the
History ofKosovo
Kosovo

This is a list of massacres that happened inKosovo throughout history.

Ottoman period

[edit]
See also:Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
1878 attacks1878Kosovo vilayetAlbanian refugeesSerbsIncoming Albanian refugees to Kosovo who were expelled by theSerb army from theSanjak of Niș were involved in revenge attacks and hostile actions to the local Serb population.[1]
1898–1899 attacks1898-1899Old SerbiaAlbaniansSerbs[2]
1901 massacres of Serbs1901Pristina andIbarski KolašinAlbaniansSerbs[3]
Takeover of Pristina~23 October 1912Pristina5,000[4]Serbian armyAlbaniansFirst Balkan War[5]
Takeover of Ferizaj24 October 1912Ferizaj1,200Serbian armyAlbaniansFirst Balkan War[6][7][8]
Takeover of Prizren1912Prizren5,000[9]Serbian and Montenegrin armiesAlbaniansFirst Balkan War
Leshkobare massacre1912Lloshkobare8Serbian armyAlbaniansFirst Balkan War[6]
Torching of Bobaj1912BobajSerbian armyAlbaniansAll inhabitants of Bobaj were killed.[7]
Extermination of Opoja and Restelica1912-1913Opoja andRestelicathousandsSerbian armyAlbaniansSerbian troops were ordered to exterminate the population of the villages of Opoja, Gora, Bellobrad, Brrut, Rrenc, Bresanë, Zym and Qafëleshi.[citation needed]
Razing of Peja1912-1913PejaSerbian army and ChetniksAlbanians[10][11][12]
Bytyci massacre1913Highlands of Gjakova51Serbian armyAlbaniansFirst Balkan War[13]
Massacre of the Rugova tribe1913RugovaMontenegrin armyAlbaniansEvery man of the Rugova tribe was reportedly killed.[14]
Vushtrri killings1913VushtrriSerbian armyAlbanians[15]

World War I

[edit]
See also:Massacres of Albanians in World War I andKosovo during World War I
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Astrazubi massacre1914Malisheva227Serbian armyAlbanians90% of the houses in Astrazubi were destroyed.[16]
Peja massacres1914PejaSerbian armyAlbanians25 civilians were killed each day.[17]
Lubishtë massacre1914Lubishtë104Serbian armyAlbanians[18]
Julekar massacre1914Viti24Serbian armyAlbanians[18]
Attack on Bytyci1915Highlands of GjakovaSerbian armyAlbaniansThe Ushki family almost completely killed, with only one survivor.[13]
Bombardment of Vechali1915Prizren–Tetovo65Serbian armyAlbaniansThe Serbian army shelled the village of Vecali.[19]

Interwar period

[edit]
See also:Yugoslav colonization of Kosovo § Massacres of Albanians
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Rugova massacre16 February 1919Rugova842Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[20][21][22]
Mitrovica killings1919-1921Mitrovica1,330Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[23]
Peja killings1919-1921Peja1,563Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[23]
Prizren killings1919-1921Prizren4,600Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[23]
Ferizaj killings1919-1921Ferizaj1,694Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[23]
Keqekolla massacreJanuary 1921KeqekollëArmy ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[24][25]
Prapashtica massacreJanuary 1921PrapashticëArmy ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[24][25]
Dushkajë massacre1921Dushkajë63Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[26]
Dubnica massacre10 February 1924Dubnica25Army ofKingdom of YugoslaviaAlbanian civilians[27]

World War II

[edit]
See also:Kosovo during World War II
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Massacres of Kosovo SerbsApril-May 1941Districts of Peja, Djakovica, Istok and Drenica162Albanian fascistsSerbsMassacres accompanied by expulsions and burning down of villages.[28]
Istok killings1941-1943Istok275Albanian fascistsSerbs[29]
Goraždevac killings1941Goraždevac, near Peja47Albanian fascistsSerbs[29]
Ibarski Kolašin massacres30 September–10 October 1941Ibarski Kolašin150Albanian fascistsSerbs22 villages also burnt down.[29]
Ibarski Kolašin killings1942-1943Ibarski Kolašin130Albanian fascistsSerbs[29]
June 1942 Pristina killingsLate June 1942Pristina area100Albanian fascistsSerbs[30]
Vareška Reka massacreJune 194315Albanian fascistsSerbs[29]
Trepča mine executions3-7 June 1943Trepča mine, Mitrovica64Albanian

fascists

SerbsMass shooting of Serbs by Albanians, Albanian gendarmerie and prison guards at the Trepča mine prison, most of whom were workers that had fallen ill, and among whom several were peasants from the Mitrovica vicinity.[31]
Uroševac massacre11–12 September 1943Uroševac area60Albanian fascistsSerbs48 were killed in the town itself, while 12 others were taken out of town and killed after being tortured. The unit responsible was commanded by Amdija Jašarević.[32]
Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and Plešina murders12–13 September 1943Nekodim, Baroš Selo, Duganjevo and PlešinaUnknownAlbanian fascistsSerbs[33]
Žerovnica killings10 October 1943Žerovnica6Albanian fascistsSerbs[34]
Brestovik mass killing13 October 1943Brestovik19Albanian fascistsSerbs19 Serbs in the Serb village of Brestovik near Peja were killed by Albanian quislings on 13 October 1943. Before the Italian capitulation (September 1943), 12 villagers had also been killed.[34]
Rakoš massacreOctober 1943Rakoš65Albanian fascistsSerbsSerbs shot by Albanians in Rakoš, a village half-way between Kosovska Mitrovica and Peć.[29]
Peja massacresLate 1943Peja230Albanian fascistsSerbs[35]
Rakoš mass killings3 December 1943Rakoš30Albanian fascistsSerbs[36]
Siga massacre4 December 1943Siga36Albanian fascistsSerbs36 Serbs from the village of Siga were massacred by the Kosovo Regiment[36]
Peja mass killings4-7 December 1943Peja300Albanian fascistsSerbsBetween 4 and 7 December 1943, 400 soldiers of Kosovo Regiment commanded by Xhafer Deva surrounded Peć and committed mass murder of local Serbs and Montenegrins, killing at least 300 people.[37]
Tople Vode massacre1944Kačanik13Bulgarian forcesSerbs13 Serbs from the village of Vrbeštica shot by Bulgarian forces.[34]
Štrpce massacre30 June 1944Štrpce50Bulgarian militarySerbsSerbs shot after the death of a Bulgarian soldier.[34]

Kosovo War

[edit]
See also:War crimes in the Kosovo War
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Attacks on Likoshane and Çirez28 February–1 March 1998Likošane and Ćirez, nearDrenas26Serbian special policeAlbanian civiliansOperation against Albanian civilians.
Attack on Prekaz5–7 March 1998Prekaz, nearSkenderaj58VJ, SAJKLA, Albanian civiliansoperation led by theSpecial Anti-Terrorism Unit of Serbia which lasted from 5-7 March 1998, which goal was to eliminateKosovo Liberation Army (KLA) suspects and their families.[38][39] During the operation, KLA leaderAdem Jashari and his brotherHamëz were killed, along with nearly 60 other family members.
Volujak Massacre17-19 July 1998Volujak25KLASerbian civiliansAccording to Serb authorities, 25 male Kosovo Serb civilians were executed. Serbia attributes the killings to the KLA "Orahovac group"[40]
Klečka killings17–22 July 1998Klečka22KLASerbian civiliansKLA used cremation chambers to burn bodies of killed Serbian civilians, covering up the crime. 22 bodies were identified from remains.[41]
Mališevo mass grave17-20 July 1998Malisheva13KLASerbian civilians12 Serbs and 1 Bulgarian were kidnapped and then executed by the KLA in Mališevo between 17-20 July 1998
Orahovac Massacre17-20 July 1998Rahovec47KLASerbian civiliansMore than 100 Serbian and Roma civilians from Orahovac and its surrounding villages - Retimlje, Opterusa, Zočište and Velika Hoca - in western Kosovo were kidnapped and placed in prison camps by KLA fighters; 47 were massacred
Lake Radonjić massacreBefore 9 September 1998Glođane34KLASerbs, AlbaniansOn 9 September 1998 the Serbian police announced the finding of a mass grave. By 16 September 34 bodies were gathered. Victims included some Albanians.[42][43]
Gornje Obrinje massacre26 September 1998Gornje Obrinje21Serbian special policeAlbanian civiliansOperation against KLA, in retaliation of at least 14 killed Serbian policemen, subsequent massacre with HRW claiming 21 civilians.[44]
Golubovac executions26 September 1998Golubovac13Serbian paramilitaryKLA or Albanian civiliansFollowing Gornje Obrinje,[45] summary execution of men suspected of being KLA.[46]
Panda Bar massacre14 December 1998Peja6Serbian Secret ServiceSerbian civilians6 Serb civilians killed and 14 wounded in attack on café in Peja. The KLA was accused at the time of the events, but strongly rejected any involvement. The Serbian Organised Crime Prosecutor's Office launched an investigation in 2016 and reached the conclusion that the massacre was not perpetrated by Albanians.[47] any years after the incident, the Serbian government officially acknowledged that it was perpetrated by agents of the Serbian Secret Service.[48]
Račak massacre15 January 1999Reçak54SAJ,JSOKLA, Albanian civiliansOperation against KLA (9 suspected KLA killed), including killings of 45 civilians.[49] Controversial topic.
Mitrovica massacre13 March 1999Bazaar of Mitrovica6Serbian policeAlbanian civiliansAfter three grenades were thrown at the market, six people died, over 128 others were injured, many of them remained disabled for life.[50]
Velika Kruša massacre25 March 1999Krushë e Madhe90–105Serbian special policeAlbanian civilians
Bela Crkva massacre25 March 1999Bela Crkva62Serbian special police and paramilitaryAlbanian civilians
Suva Reka massacre26 March 1999Suva Reka48Serbian policeAlbanian civiliansMembers of the Berisha family were forced into their family-owned pizzeria, where two hand grenades were thrown. Serbian police officers shot those who displayed signs of life. The bodies were disposed into a mass grave near a police facility inBatajnica, Serbia.[51]
Imeraj massacre26 March 1999Pemishtë/Cërkolez19Serbian military police & paramilitariesAlbanian civiliansSerbian forces entered the village of Pemishtë/Cërkolez and killed 19 Albanian civilians, all members of the Imeraj family, including 13 women and children.[52][53]
Izbica massacre28 March 1999Kosovo93+VJ, police and paramilitaryAlbaniansAfter shelling of the village of Izbica, at least 93, mostly male non-combatants, were executed.
Podujevo massacre28 March 1999Podujevë14Serbian security forces,ScorpionsAlbanian civiliansSecurity forces gunned down 19 people in the town of Podujevo, killing 14 people and injuring 5, whom were children[54]
Ljubižda massacre31 March 1999nearPrizren, Kosovo14Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSecurity forces reportedly shot 14 men in the village ofLjubižda, northwest of Prizren.[55]
Pusto Selo massacre31 March 1999Pusto Selo nearRahovec106Serbian forcesKLA or Albanian civiliansThe men were allegedlyKLA sympathizers.[56][55]
Rezala massacre5 April 1999Rezala80Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSerbian police allegedly entered the Albanian village of Rezala and gunned down at least 80 villagers suspected of harbouring KLA guerrillas.[57]
Gjakova bombing14 April 1999Gjakova73NATOAlbanian refugeesNATO accidentally bomb Albanian refugees in Gjakova.
Slovinje massacre15-16 April 1999Slovinje nearLipjan35-44Serbian security forcesAlbaniansBetween 35 and 44 people were shot and executed by Serbian police and paramillitaries in Slovinje and the immediate villages surrounding it (notably Smolusa)[58][59]
Poklek massacre17 April 1999Poklek,Drenas53Serbian policeAlbaniansOn April 17, 1999, Serbian forces killed 53 Albanian civilians in Poklek, near Drenas. Among the victims were 24 children, the youngest just 4 and 10 months old.
Ćikatovo massacre17 April 1999Staro Ćikatovo24Serbian forcesAlbanians24 men of the Morina family were killed during a day-long raid by Serbian forces.[60] Although survivors claimed that none of the killed were involved with the KLA, several members of the family are admitted KLA members.[60]
Mala Kaludra massacre19 April 1999Kalludra e Vogël23Serbian paramilitariesAlbanian refugees23 Albanian refugees were killed by Serbian paramilitaries as they fled towards Montenegro.[61]
Meja massacre27 April 1999Meja nearGjakova377Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSerbian forces retaliate for the KLA killing of five Serbian policemen in Meja on 21 April, by mass killings on 27 April in that village.[62] The number of victims is unknown, but is believed by HRW to be 300 (based on missing persons list), although very few bodies have been found.[63] Newer figures raise the number dead to at least 377.[64]
Lužane bus bombing1 May 1999Lužane23–60NATOSerbian civiliansNATO missile attack on bridge.
Vushtrri massacre2–3 May 1999Vushtrri, Kosovo120Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansAlbanian refugees fleeing the fighting that was occurring between the Yugoslav Army and theKLA were cornered by the Serb Special Forces (who suspected that some KLA members were fleeing the fighting with the refugees). The Special Forces picked out about 120 men who they suspected of being KLA deserters and sprayed them with bullets and later hid their bodies in a mass-grave near Gornja Sudimlja.
Koriša bombing14 May 1999Korishë87NATOAlbanian refugeesNATO bombed a column of Albanian refugees, killing at least 87 and wounding 60.
Ćuška massacre14 May 1999Qyshk41Serbian security forcesAlbaniansAn estimated twelve men killed in round-up, 29 men gathered into three houses and gunned down.[65] Unclear motive.[66]
Bilbildere massacre16 May 1999Prizren2Serbian paramillitariesAlbanians2 men were captured byArkan's Tigers and were summarily executed.[67]
Dubrava Prison massacre22–23 May 1999Dubrava79–82Serbian prison guardsAlbanian inmatesInmates were extrajudicially killed or summary executed on 22 and 23 May following NATO bombings on 19 May.[68]
Tusus massacre26 May 1999Prizren27–34Serbian forcesAlbaniansSerbian forces kill 27–34 people and burn over 100 homes.[69] Retaliation for at least two killed policemen on crossing street that morning by KLA.[69]

Aftermath of Kosovo War

[edit]
See also:United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
EventDateLocationDeathsPerpetratorVictimsDescription
Peja killing12 June 1999Peja7Serbian forcesAlbanian civiliansSix members of a family were killed and one was captured and found dead.[70]
Gnjilane massacreJune–October 1999Peja51KLASerbian civiliansKLA'sGnjilane Group burned homes and murdered Serbs and other non-Albanian civilians. The remains of 51 Serbs were discovered in mass graves in 1999.
Staro Gracko massacre23 July 1999Lipjan14KLASerbian civiliansMass killing of 14 Serb farmers in the village of Staro Gracko in the municipality of Lipljan on 23 July 1999. The killings occurred after Yugoslav troops withdrew from the region in the aftermath of the Kosovo War.[71]
Ugljare massacreBefore August 1999Ugljare15KLASerbsKFOR reports on 25 August 1999 the finding of 15 bodies of killed Serbs.[72] Killed months prior, the bodies were concealed by the KFOR.[73]
Klokot killings16 August 1999Klokot2Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansOn 16 August 1999, after the Kosovo War, a mortar attack carried out by Albanians killed two Serb civilians and wounded five others in the village. There had earlier that month been two mortar attacks.[74][75]
Mitrovica massacre3-4 February 2000North Mitrovica10Serbian extremistsAlbanian civiliansSerbian extremists stormed the houses of 10 Albanian civilians and murdered them on the nights of 3-4 February 2000.[76][77][78]
Cernica Killings28 May 2000Cernica3Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansThree Serbs including a four year old child were murdered in cold blood during a drive-by shooting in Cernica, a village south of Gnjilane.[41]
Podujevo bus bombing16 February 2001Podujevo12Albanian extremistsSerbian civilians12 dead and 40 wounded in bombing attack on bus convoy carrying Serbs traveling to Serb enclave Gračanica to visit family graves.
Stolic Family Massacre3 June 2003Obilić3Serbian civiliansThree Serbs were axed to death. The house was then set on fire.[79][80][81]
Goraždevac murders13 August 2003Goraždevac2Albanian extremistsSerbian civiliansShots fired from Albanian village on the Serb enclave kills two, an adult and a child, and wounding four.
2004 unrest in Kosovo17-18 March 2004Kosovo16AlbaniansSerbian civiliansOn 17 and 18 March 2004, a wave of violent riots swept through Kosovo, 16 Serbs and 11 Albanians were killed during the unrest. Over 935 Serbian houses and 35 Churches were burned and destroyed. Over 4000 Serbs were expelled from Kosovo.
Talinoc Killings6 July 2012Talinoc i Muhaxhirëve2Serbian civiliansA married Serb couple, war refugees who had returned to the village, were murdered in their house on 6 July 2012. After the murders, the village Serbs asked the government to secure their relocation to either Strpce or Gracanica, or else they were to leave for Central Serbia.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Müller, Dietmar (2009)."Orientalism and Nation: Jews and Muslims as Alterity in Southeastern Europe in the Age of Nation-States, 1878–1941".East Central Europe.36 (1): 70.doi:10.1163/187633009x411485.
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  5. ^Elsie, Robert; Destani, Bejtullah D. (30 January 2018).Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II. Bloomsbury Publishing.ISBN 978-1-78672-354-3. Retrieved10 August 2023.
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  7. ^abElsie, Robert."1913 Leo Freundlich: Albania's Golgotha: Indictment of the Exterminators of the Albanian People".Robert Elsie: Texts and Documents of Albanian History.
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  9. ^Elsie, Robert (2010).Historical Dictionary of Kosovo. Scarecrow Press.ISBN 9780810874831.
  10. ^Sherifi, Remzije; Rugova, Ibrahim (2007).Shadow Behind the Sun. Sandstone. p. 53.ISBN 9781905207473. Retrieved27 March 2020.
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  12. ^Edith, Durham (1920).Twenty Years Of Balkan Tangle. p. 246. Retrieved29 March 2020.
  13. ^abElsie, Robert (24 April 2015).The Tribes of Albania: History, Society and Culture. Bloomsbury Publishing.ISBN 978-0-85773-932-2. Retrieved12 August 2023.
  14. ^Jezernik, Božidar (2004).Wild Europe: The Balkans in the Gaze of Western Travellers. Saqi. p. 109.ISBN 978-0-86356-574-8. Retrieved21 December 2019.
  15. ^Elsie, Robert; Destani, Bejtullah D. (2018).Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 169.ISBN 978-1-78673-354-2. Retrieved29 March 2020.
  16. ^Rifati, Fitim (2015)."Mizoritë e Ushtrisë Serbe në Rajonin e Astrazubit më 1914".Gjurmime Albanologjike - Seria e Shkencave Historike (in Albanian) (45):81–91.
  17. ^France Commission de publication des documents relatifs aux origines de la guerre (1933).Documents Diplomatiques Français (1871-1914): 1913 (in French). Impr. nationale. Retrieved10 August 2023.
  18. ^abDestani, Bejtullah D. (2003).Ethnic Minorities in the Balkan States, 1860-1971: 1888-1914. Archive Editions.ISBN 978-1-84097-035-7. Retrieved10 August 2023.
  19. ^Bulgaria Ministerstvo na vŭnshnite raboti (1919).La vérité sur les accusations contre la Bulgarie (in French). l'État. Retrieved10 August 2023.
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  24. ^abSherifi, Remzije (2007).Shadow Behind the Sun. Sandstone. p. 35.ISBN 978-1-905207-13-8. Retrieved19 August 2023.
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  29. ^abcdefAntonijević 2009, p. 40.
  30. ^Antonijević 2009, p. 41.
  31. ^Antonijević 2009, pp. 45–46.
  32. ^Antonijević 2009, p. 43.
  33. ^Antonijević 2009, pp. 43–44.
  34. ^abcdAntonijević 2009, p. 44.
  35. ^Antonijević 2009, p. 42.
  36. ^abLekić 1995, p. 77.
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  38. ^Krieger 2001, p. 96.
  39. ^Abrahams & Andersen 1998, p. 27: "The police attacked prekaz and the Jashari compound again on March 5, 1998, this time in a more determined manner. All evidence suggests that the attack was not intended to apprehend armed Albanians, considered "terrorists" by the government, but as Amnesty international concluded in its report on violence in Drenica, "to eliminate the suspects and their families".
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  42. ^Krieger 2001, p. 108.
  43. ^HRW 2001, p. 13.
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  48. ^Everts, Daan (2020).Peacekeeping in Albania and Kosovo: Conflict Response and International Intervention in the Western Balkans, 1997 - 2002. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 50.ISBN 978-1838604493.In mid-December six young Kosovo Serbs were killed, and about a dozen wounded, in the Panda bar in Peja. The murder caused outrage all around, with the KLA getting all the blame. Many years later, the Serbian government officially acknowledged that the murder had been perpetrated by agents of the Serbian Secret Service.
  49. ^Judah 2002, p. 193.
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  55. ^abFederal Republic of Yugoslavia (Kosovo): After tragedy, justice?
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  57. ^"UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo - 5. Drenica Region". Retrieved6 April 2015.
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  64. ^Stojanovic, Milica."Kosovo War Criminal Elected VP of Serbian Parliament".Genocide Watch.
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  66. ^HRW 2001, p. 307.
  67. ^HRW 2001, pp. 205.
  68. ^HRW 2001, pp. 244–259.
  69. ^abHRW 2001, p. 339.
  70. ^Human Rights Watch (2001)."UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo".HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH.One of the worst incidents in Pec took place on June 12 as Serbian and Yugoslav troops, as well as most of Pec's Serbian population, were preparing to leave Kosovo. In one house, armed forces believed to be members of the Munja militia group killed six members of one family, including children aged five, six, seven, twelve, and thirteen. Four people survived, one of them an eight-year-old boy who pretended he was dead. One man from the family was taken and later found dead.
  71. ^United Nations (22 February 2002).Yearbook of the United Nations 1999. United Nations Publications. pp. 367–.ISBN 978-92-1-100856-2. Retrieved30 April 2011.
  72. ^Yugoslav Survey 40, p. 120.
  73. ^Review of International Affairs. Federation of Yugoslav Journalists. 2000. p. 76.
  74. ^Gall, Carlotta (18 August 1999)."Shelling of a Serbian Village in Kosovo Kills 2".The New York Times.
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  76. ^"Masakra e 3 dhe 4 shkurtit e vitit 2000 në veri të Mitrovicës".Prizren Post (in Albanian). 2019-02-03. Retrieved2023-07-21.
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Sources

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Lists ofmassacres
By past country
or territory
By country
or territory
By conflict
By group
See also
Lists of massacres in Europe
Sovereign states
States with limited
recognition
Dependencies and
other entities
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