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List of massacres in Nigeria

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This articlemay be weighted too heavily towards only one aspect of its subject. Please helpimprove it by introducing more general information. Relevant discussion may be found on thetalk page.(October 2025)

The following is a list ofmassacres that have occurred inNigeria:

Lists of massacres

[edit]
This article containsdynamic lists that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help byediting the page to add missing items, with references toreliable sources.

Note: below categories may be imprecise and somewhat overlap. Reports sometimes misattribute motivation as well as the attacks possibly having mixed/multiple motivations. For example, a communal conflict between herders and farmers may appear motivated by religion and thus be categorized as "religious massacre" because of the religion of the involved parties.

Political and religious motivated massacres

[edit]
See also:Religious violence in Nigeria
See also:Yan Tatsine and Kano riot
NameDateDeathsInvolvedLocation – Circumstances
1953 Kano riot1953~46political/ethnic riotconflicts between pro- vs anti- independence groups with political parties which also happened to largely sort into Southern vs Northern (Ibo/ Yoruba vs Hausa ethnicity), Christian vs Muslim etc..
Tiv Riots1960-19642,000–4,000Various groupsBenue State (since 1976), Northern region,Benue valley – Occurred during protests for the creation of Benue state from the Northern region[1]
1966 Anti-Igbo pogromJuly and August 19668000-30,000[2]Nigerian Army,Hausa-Fulani and othersNorthern Nigeria – Targeted killings of Igbo people in Northern Nigeria in revenge for the coup of January 15, 1966.[3]
Asaba massacreOctober 7, 1967Up to 500 men[4]Nigerian 2nd DivisionDelta State,Asaba – Occurred during theNigerian-Biafran War[5][6]
Ugep MassacreDecember 24, 197565>Nigerian ArmyCross River State, Ugep – Occurred after soldiers accused towns people of murdering a drunk soldier[7]
Bakolori MassacreMarch 28, 1980[clarification needed]380PoliceZamfara State, Bakolori – The government of the defunctSokoto State wanted to build a dam in Bakolori, (Bakolori Dam) and offered to resettle the people. They refused and the police moved in to forcefully resettle them.[8]
1980 Yan Tatsine riotsDec 18-29, 1980est. 4,177 civilians, 100 police, 35 militaryreligious insurgencyinstigated byMaitatsine and hisfollowers in Kano
Umuechem MassacreNovember 1, 1990~85PoliceRivers State, Umuechem – After a protest at Shell's office by youths of the town demanding for electricity, water, roads and compensation following environmental degradation, the police moved in and massacred the town.[9]
Odi massacreNovember 20, 199943[10]-2,500[11]Nigerian ArmyBayelsa State, Odi – Nigerian military attacked the village of Odi, as part of theConflict in the Niger Delta.
2000 Kaduna riots also known as the first "Sharia clashes".Sharia 1: February 21–25, 2000; March

Sharia 2: May 22–23, 2000

2,000[12][13]–5,000[14]Christians, MuslimsKaduna State,Kaduna – Religious riots between Christians and Muslims over the introduction of sharia law in Kaduna State, start of the religious riots phase of the Sharia conflict in Nigeria.
2001 Jos riotsSeptember 9–17, 2001500–5000[15]Christians, MuslimsPlateau State,Jos – Religious riots between Christians and Muslims.
Zaki Biam MassacreOctober 20–24, 2001Over 200[16]Nigerian ArmyBenue State – Attack by the Nigerian Army avenging the kidnapping and killing of 19 soldiers by suspected Tiv militia[17]
Miss World riotsNovember 22, 2002200+[18]Islamists, later rioting Christians and MuslimsKaduna State,Kaduna – Inter-religious riots that started on 22 November in Kaduna, along with many houses of worship being burned by religious zealots. Cause: article inThisday about the 2002 Miss World beauty contest (to be held inAbuja), in which Muslims took offence.
Yelwa massacreFebruary–May, 2004c. 975[19]Christians, MuslimsYelwa,Shendam andKano – Religiously motivated killings between Christians and Muslims.
Muhammad cartoons crisisFebruary 18, 2006120+Muslims and ChristiansBorno State,Maiduguri andOnitsha,Anambra State – The international crisis reached the Nigerian city of Maiduguri, in which over 50 people were killed and many buildings destroyed or damaged by rioting Muslims, outraged because of cartoons about Muhammad in the Danish newspaperJyllands-Posten. Christians also later burned Muslim corpses and damaged mosque in Onitsha, causing 5,000 Muslims to flee the city toAsaba.[20]
2008 Ogaminana massacreFebruary 26, 2008over 50PoliceKogi State,Ogaminana – Police descended on Ogaminana at 8.30 pm, killing and brutalizing mostly elderly men, women and children in a reprisal attack that has sent shock and outrage throughout the country.[21]
2008 Jos riotsNovember 28–29, 2008381[22]Christians, MuslimsPlateau State,Jos – Religious riots between Christians and Muslims over the result of a local election.
2009 Boko Haram uprisingJuly, 20091,000+[23]Boko HaramMaiduguri,Bauchi,Potiskum,Wudil – Militants killed over a thousand people between 26 and 29 July; during the violence[24]
2010 Jos riots2010992Christians, MuslimsPlateau State,Jos – Religious rioting.[25]
2011 Abuja United Nations bombingAugust 26, 2011116[26]Islamists (Boko Haram)Federal Capital Territory,Abuja – 312 injured; Boko Haram attacked a United Nations compound[26]
2011 Damaturu attacksNovember 4, 2011100-150[27]Islamists (Boko Haram)Yobe State,Damaturu – Islamic militants associated with Boko Haram attacked police stations and banks.
December 2011 Nigeria clashesDecember 201168+[28]Boko HaramMaiduguri andDamaturu – Militants associated with Boko Haram clashed with security forces between 22 and 23 December.
December 2011 Northern Nigeria attacksDecember 25, 201141+[29]Islamists (Boko Haram)Federal Capital Territory,Madalla – 73 injured;Militants bombed a Catholic church.
January 5–6, 2012 Nigeria attacksJanuary 5–6, 201237+[30]Boko HaramMubi,Yola,Gombi, andMaiduguri – Terrorists attacked communities;Boko Haram claimed responsibility.
January 20, 2012 Nigeria attacksJanuary 1, 2012185[31]Boko HaramKano State,Kano – Terrorists attacked government installations including police stations and barracks, Immigration offices etc.; Boko Haram claimed responsibility.
April 2012 Kaduna bombingsMarch 8, 201238[32]Boko HaramKaduna State,Kaduna – Terrorists bombed a community.[32]
June 2012 Kaduna church bombingsJune 7, 201212[33]-19[34]Boko Haram (suspected)Kaduna State,Wusasa, andSabon Gari – 80 injured; Islamic terrorists bombed three churches.
Deeper Life Church shootingAugust 7, 201219[35]Three unidentified gunmenKogi State,Okene – Militants attacked a community.
December 2012 shootings in Northern NigeriaDecember 25, 201227[36][37]Boko Haram (suspected)Federal Capital Territory,Abuja – Militants attacked a community.
2013 Baga massacreApril 19–20, 2013228+[38]Nigerian army or Boko HaramBorno State,Baga – Identity of the perpetrators remains unclear; some blame the Nigerian military while others blame the Islamic terrorist group Boko Haram.[39]
Mamudo school massacre, also known as Yobe State school shootingJuly 6, 201330[40]Boko HaramYobe State, Mamudo government secondary school – Suspected Boko Haram terrorists killed at least 41 children and one teacher.[41]
Konduga mosque shootingAugust 11, 201344Boko HaramBorno State –

At least 44 Muslim worshippers were killed by Boko Haram militants.[42]

Benisheik massacreSeptember 18, 2013159Boko HaramBorno State
Gujba college massacreSeptember 29, 201350[43]Islamists (Boko Haram) suspectedYobe State, Gujba Yobe school – At 1:00 a.m. suspected gunmen from Boko Haram entered the male dormitory in the College of Agriculture inGujba, killing at least forty-four students and teachers.[40]
Kawuri massacreJanuary 11, 201485[44]Islamists (Boko Haram)Borno State,Konduga Local Government – Attack by Boko Haram.
February 2014 Konduga massacreFebruary 2, 201439Boko HaramBorno State,Konduga – About 39 people are believed to have been killed in an attack by Militants on a Nigerian town.

Local residents said the attack onKonduga, Borno, lasted several hours, beginning shortly before sundown with the arrival of gunmen in 4x4 trucks. Amosque and more than 1,000 homes were razed to the ground, residents said.[45]

Izghe attackFebruary 15, 2014106Boko HaramBorno State
Federal Government College Buni Yadi attackFebruary 25, 201459Boko HaramYobe State, Federal Government College Buni Yadi – Islamist gunmen killed 59 students at a boarding school in Yobe State.[46]
April 2014 Nyanya bombingApril 14, 201471Boko HaramFederal Capital Territory, Abuja – Two bombs exploded in a crowded bus station in the outskirts of Abuja, Nigeria.[47]
2014 Gamboru Ngala massacreMay 6, 2014300+[48]Boko HaramBorno State, Gamboru – Militants attacked at night and set houses ablaze. When people tried to escape, they were shot dead.[49]
Gwoza massacreJune 2, 2014200-300[50]Islamists (Boko Haram) suspectedBorno State,Gwoza – Boko Haram attack on Christian villagers
2014 Kano bombingJune 23, 2014200+Boko HaramKano State,Kano – Dozens of people were killed in a bomb blast at Kano State School of Hygiene. The blast was attributed to militant groupBoko Haram by the locals.[51]
Zaria Quds Day massacresJuly 25–26, 201434[52]Nigerian ArmyKaduna State,Zaria
2014 Kano attackNovember 28, 2014100+Boko HaramKano, Kano State – More 100 people were killed in a mosque in Kano.[53]
2015 Baga massacreJanuary 3–7, 2015At least 100, over 2,000 "unaccounted for"Boko HaramBorno State,Baga
2015-2016 Killing of Biafran ProtestersAugust 30, 2015 to February 9, 201680+Nigerian Army, Nigerian security forcesAnambra State (Onitsha),Abia State (Aba) andIgboland – Over 80 protesters agitating for the secession of the Biafran region from Nigeria have been killed en masse by Nigerian security operatives, while more than 400 others have been arrested, detained or imprisoned[54]
October 2015 Maiduguri bombingOctober 15, 201539Boko HaramMaiduguri, Borno State – Three female suicide bombers detonated a mosque, killing 39 people.[55]
2015 Zaria massacreDecember 12–13, 2015700-1000Nigerian ArmyKaduna State,Zaria – Nigerian army open fire on the Shiite minority when they were conducting a religious procession.[56][unreliable source?]
Dikwa suicide bombingsFebruary 9, 201660+Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, 2 female Boko Haram suicide bombersBorno State, Dikwa, refugee camp – Five suicide bombers infiltrated the camp disguised as refugees. Two set off their bombs as internally displaced persons were queuing for rations. More than 60 were killed and 78 others injured.
March 2016 Maiduguri bombingsMarch 16, 201624+Boko HaramBorno State – Two female suicide bombers detonated a mosque in Maiduguri, killing 24 Muslim worshippers and injuring 18 others during dawn prayers.[57]
2017 Mubi bombingNovember 21, 201727–50Boko Haram (suspected)Adamawa State – Dozens of Muslim worshippers were killed by a suicide attack during morning prayers inMubi, Adamawa. According to a police spokesman, 50 people were killed while a reporter on the ground claimed that 27 were killed, all of them were men and boys.[58]
2018 Mubi suicide bombingsMay 1, 201886+Boko Haram (suspected)Adamawa State – At least 86 Muslim worshippers were killed in mosque by a suicide bomber.[59]
2018 Konduga mosque bombingJuly 23, 201811+Suicide bombers from Boko HaramBorno State – Eleven Muslim worshippers were killed in a suicide attack by Boko Haram while eight others were injured in the attack.[60]
2019 Konduga bombingsJune 16, 201930+Suicide bombers (3)Borno State, Konduga Local Government Area – A series of suicide bombings killed at least 30 civilians and injured at least 40.[61][62]
2020 Gamboru bombingJanuary 6, 202038Suicide bombersBorno State,Gamboru – The attack killed 38 and injured 30.
2020 Lekki shootingOctober 20, 2020More than 12 dead, hundreds severely injured according to Amnesty International, disputed by government.[63][64] Also, few people were still missing days after the massacre. A development which backed up the claim by eyewitnesses that the army took some corpses after the shooting.Nigerian ArmyLagos State, Lekki Toll Gate – Nigerian army opened fire on peaceful protesters at the Lekki Toll Gate while they were peacefully seated, singing the National anthem and proudly waving their flags.
Koshebe massacreNovember 28, 202076Boko HaramBorno State, Jere,Maiduguri – Boko Haram militants massacred 76 farmers. The attacks were carried out in retribution for farmers cooperating with the Nigerian military.[65]
2022 Plateau State massacresApril 10, 2022150+Fulani bandits fromKaduna StatePlateau State, 9 villages in theKanam andWaselocal government areas.
Owo church attack5 June 202240-80 estimatedIslamists / herdsmenMass shooting and bomb attack of Catholic church in Owo,Ondo State.
2023 Plateau State massacresDecember 23–25, 2023~200Fulani militia suspectedPlateau State, 17 rural communities in the regions ofBokkos andBarkin Ladi.
2024 Gadan mosque attackMay 16, 20248Lone wolf attackGadan,Kano State – A 38-year-old resident of the village attacked the mosque confessed that it was “purely in hostility following (a) prolonged family disagreement". Eight worshippers were killed while 16 others, including four children, were injured by the attack.[66]
2024 Konduga massacreAugust 1, 202419Boko HaramBorno State, Konduga Local Government Area – About 19 civilians were killed and dozens injured in a suicide bombing.[67]
2024 Gwoza bombingsJune 29, 202432Suicide bombers (3+)Borno State, Gwoza
Tarmuwa massacreSeptember 3, 2024130Boko HaramYobe State
2025 Lake Chad massacreJanuary 14, 202540–100+Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) orBoko Haram (reports vary)Borno State, Dumba, Lake Chad region – Jihadists executed farmers from the region of Gwoza and fishermen. Lake Chad is used as a base by Boko Haram and ISWAP.[68][69]
2025 Plateau State massacresMarch 24 and 27, April 2 and 13, 2025126Muslim FulaniPlateau State, Ruwe, Bokkos, Kimakpa and Zike – Organized attacks killed more than 100 people from Christian villages. Houses were burned and many people injured and raped. 7000 people fled from the violent attacks.[70][71][72][73]
Karim Lamido massacreMay 24, 202542Fulani herdsmenIn Karim Lamido local government area ofTaraba State, 42 killed (inc 24 United Methodists), 60 homes destroyed and 5000+ displaced

[74][75][76]

Yelwata massacreJune 13–14, 2025100–200+Fulani herdsmenBenue State, Yelewata – Gunmen attacked Christian villagers at the village of Yelewata, killing more than 100 people. A number of houses were set alight and destroyed in the attack.[77][78][79][80]
Darul Jamal, Borno StateSept 5, 202563+Boko HaramJihadist group killed 60+ people including 5 soldiers in an overnight attack in village with a military base near Nigeria-Cameroon border.[81]

Bandit attacks

[edit]
See also:Nigerian bandit conflict
DateDeathsInvolvedLocation – Circumstances
May 5, 201923~100 banditsZamfara State,Kaura Namoda – 23 people were killed in a retaliatory attack by bandits on Tunga and Kabaje villages inKaura Namoda LGA, after the death of their suspected ally.[82][83]
June 8–9, 201925Large number of bandits, 4 were arrestedSokoto State,Rabah – Kalhu, Tsage and Geeri villages in Rabah LGA were attacked by bandits during the night. The attack went on till morning, killing 25 people.[84][85]
June 9, 201916Large number of banditsZamfara State,Maru – 16 people celebratingEid al-Fitr were killed by unidentified bandits in Kanoma community of Maru LGA.[86][87]
June 9, 201918Bandits, 4 were arrestedSokoto State, Satiru – Satiru village of Sokoto state was attacked by bandits, killing 18 people.[88][89]
June 9, 201947 confirmed deadBanditsNiger State,Shiroro – Eight farming and herding villages inShiroro LGA were attacked on 9 June by bandits, who also stole 525 cattle. Niger State Emergency Management Agency confirmed finding 47 corpses. Permanent Secretary of Niger State for cabinet and Security, Aliyu Isah Ekan, claimed only 12 have been killed.[90][88] Senator David Uamru had claimed 70 were killed.[91]
June 6, 201934BanditsZamfara State,Shinkafi – Police confirmed deaths of 34 people in a bandit attack on Tungar Kafau and Gidan Wawa inShinkafi LGA.[92]
April 18, 202047BanditsKatsina State – Mass murders and robberies in three locations. See also:April 2020 Katsina attacks
May 3–5, 20204FulaniPlateau State – Messiah College High School was closed due to COVID-19, but the attackers stormed the on-campus home of the school's leader. He was shot in the head, while his wife was shot in the back and his two children were shot in the feet. They survived the wounds.[93]
June 3, 202188Dozens of bandits on motorcyclesKebbi state – Cattle thieves attacked seven villages killing 88 people.[94]
June 5, 202150BanditsOyo state – In Igangan village, a group of bandits invaded and killed 50 people.[95]
January 4–6, 2022200+BanditsZamfara State – Bandits launched acampaign of massacres on civilians, resulting in heavy casualties.
April 10, 2022150+BanditsPlateau State – The2022 Plateau State massacres are linked to the ongoingNigerian bandit conflict.[96]
May 6, 202248BanditsZamfara State – Bandits attacked the villages of Damri, Sabon Garin and Kalahe in Zamfara, killing at least 48 people.[97][98][99]
September 24, 202215BanditsRuwan Jema,Zamfara State – A gang of armed bandits killed at least 15 people in a mosque during Friday prayers.[100]
July 18, 20259BanditsZamfara State –

At least 9 killed, many abducted, including women and children, in ‘bandit’ gang attack in Nigeria northwestern Zamfara State.[101]

August 19, 202550BanditsKatsina State –

Gunmen stormed a mosque in the village of Unguwan Mantau, killing 50 Muslim worshippers. The Katsina State police stated that the massacre was a "reprisal attack" after local residents had ambushed and killed a number of "bandits" two days earlier. 60 other people were also abducted by the bandits.[102][103]

Sept 28, 202515BanditsKwara State –

Fifteen "Forest guards" --local vigilantes/hunters-- were killed and villagers abducted in a ‘bandit’ gang attack in Oke-Ode community of Ifelodun Local Government Area in Kwara State, north-central Nigeria.[104][105]

Herder-farmer conflicts and communal conflicts

[edit]

See also:Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria andCommunal conflicts in Nigeria

NameDateDeathsInvolvedLocation – Circumstances
Herder-farmer conflictJune 25, 201886Christian farmers and Muslim herdersPlateau State – Riots inNigeria between Muslim herders and Christian farmers. Total 86 dead.[106]
Communal conflictOctober 19, 201855ChristianAdara and Hausa Muslim youthsKaduna State – A market dispute led to the deaths of two people. In return a communal conflict erupted, Adaras attackedHausa, killing dozens. The riots left a total of 55 people dead.[107]
Communal conflictJanuary 16, 2019UnknownJukun andTiv attackersBenue State,Guma – Many people were killed amidst a communal conflict between Jukun and Tiv people inGuma LGA ofBenue State.[108][109]
Herder-farmer conflictJanuary 28, 20197 herdersVigilantesZamfara State – Seven herders were burnt by a team of vigilantes alongside their cows.[110]
Herder-farmer conflictFebruary 4, 201926Herders (suspected)Zamfara State – 7 villages in Zamfara State were attacked and 26 killed in suspected revenge for killing of seven herders a week before.[110]
2019 Kaduna State massacreFebruary 10, 2019141 (130 Fulani and 11 Adara)Fulani herdsmen and Adara militiaKaduna State,Kajuru – Part of the communal violence leading up to the2019 election. The government said 130 Fulani were killed,. 11 Adara were also killed.Miyetti Allah said 66 Fulani were buried and 65 remain missing.[111][112][113][114]
UnnamedFebruary 20, 201917Fulani herdsmenKaduna State, Ebete,Agatu – 17 people were killed in an attack by militants on Ebete inAgatu LGA ofBenue State.[115][116]
UnnamedFebruary 26, 201940 AdaraFulani herdsmenKaduna State, Karamai,Kajuru – At least 29 people were reported to be killed in an attack in Karamai community of Kajuru. The attack was suspected to be from Fulani in retaliation to the earlier violence where Fulani settlements were attacked. The governor confirmed a few days later that the death toll had risen to 40.[117][118]
UnnamedMarch 2, 201916 farmersFulani herdsmenBenue State,Gwer West – Herdsmen killed 16 in an attack onGwer West LGA. The government blamed the attack on allegations of theft of cows by livestock guards made by the military. Residents said the herdsmen brought along many cattle and took over their lands for grazing after killing people.[119][120][121][122]
UnnamedMarch 7, 201920Bassa KwomuEgburra Mozum militiaKogi State,Bassa – 20 Bassa Kwomu were killed in an attack by an Egburra Mozum militia inBassa LGA,Kogi State.[123][124]
UnnamedMarch 10, 201916-35Adara MilitantsKaduna State, Aungwan Barde,Kajuru – Police have put the death toll at 16 in attack by suspected militants. However, the Adara Development Association has claimed an upwards of 35 killed.[125]
UnnamedMarch 10, 201917UnknownKaduna State,Birnin Gwari – 17 vigilantes were ambushed and killed by unidentified gunmen in the mainly Muslim area ofBirnin Gwari as they stole cattle.[126][127][128]
UnnamedMarch 11, 201916-52 AdaraFulani herdsmenKaduna State, Maro,Kajuru – The police have put the death toll at 16 in an attack by suspected herdsmen in Kajuru. However, the Adara Development Association has claimed an upwards of 52 killed in Inkirimi and Dogonnoma villages in Maro. Another version of the attack by a source claimed 46 people were killed in Aungwan Gamu. The police have however not confirmed the claims.[129][125]
UnnamedMarch 16, 201910 AdaraFulani herdsmenKaduna State, Nandu-Gbok,Sanga LGA – 10 people were confirmed killed in Nandu-Gbok village of Sanga LGA after an attack by suspected Fulani herdsmen. Residents suspect it is in revenge for an earlier attack where they say at least 11 cows and 28 sheep belonging to Fulani were slaughtered in the same area before the election.[130][131]
UnnamedMarch 17, 20194Ikwo militiasCross Rivers State,Biase – Four people were killed in an attack on communities ofBiase LGA ofCross River State by Ikwo warlords in revenge for burning down of their communities.[132][133]
UnnamedMarch 18, 2019Several Agbaduma peopleMilitia hired byEgba, Abogbe and OlogbaBenue State,Agatu – Several persons were killed during a communal conflict that erupted over ownership of lands. The police has stated that militiamen hired byEgba, Abogbe and Ologba people attacked the Okokolo area inhabited by Agbaduma people.[134][135]
UnnamedMarch 19, 20195-10MilitantsBenue State,Guma – The Nigerian police have said five people were recorded as having died in a suspected herdsman attack in Tse Ioreleegeb village, part of Guma LGA of Benue State. The Guma LGA chairman has claimed 10 were killed[136][137]
Communal conflictMarch 19, 20195Iceland group (suspected)Rivers State,Khana – Five people were confirmed to have been killed by suspected Iceland group members in a cult attack on Kono Boue in Khana LGA. The cause is suspected to be retaliation for killing of their member.[138][139]
Communal conflictMarch 26, 20195Christian and Muslim youthPlateau State,Jos North – Intercommunal violence occurred between Christian and Muslim youth. According to a resident, after the discovery of two dead boys from Angwan Miango over the past week at the border between it and Rikkos, a Hausa community, the people went on reprisal killings against Muslims.[140][141] Five people were killed as a result in the ensuing clashes.[142] Arewa Christians and Indigenous Pastors Association, however, claimed deaths of 30 Christians.[143] Federal Government of Nigeria has introduceRUGA settlement to cub conflicts between the Herdsmen and Farmer in Plateau State.[144]
Communal conflictApril 12, 202012MilitantsNiger state, Shiroro County, Tegina Kabata – 12 people killed during the wedding with five people captured including the bride and groom.[145]
Odugbeho massacreJune 7, 202140+Fulani herdsmenBenue State
2021 Mashegu mosque massacreDecember 10, 202116Fulani herdsmenNiger State – Fulani gunmen killed 16 Hausa worshippers and kidnapped several others.[146]
2021 Nasarawa massacreDecember 20, 202150Fulani herdsmenNasarawa State – At least 50 Tiv civilians were killed in Nasarawa state,[147] due to Fulani herdersmen blaming Tiv farmers for the killings of a kinsman.[148]
Owo church attackMay 5, 202250ISWAP orFulani herdsmen (disputed)Ondo State – Over 50 people were killed in a massacre carried out in aCatholic Church on Pentecost Sunday.[149] The Government has blamed ISWAP for the murders, but locals suspect Fulani Herdsmen.
2023 Mangu violenceMay 15–16, 2023130–200+Fulani herdsmenPlateau State
Edo State MassacreMarch 28, 202516MobEdo State - Group of 16Hausa hunters lynched by mob.
Bassa LGA, PlateauApr  14, 202540–51herdersnight attack by suspected herders in farming villages

of Zike & Kimakpa (Bassa LGA)

Otukpo LGA, Benue StateApr  18, 202511+HerdersSuspected herdsmen attacks on Emichi, Odudaje, Okpamaju, Benue State (Vanguard link)
Guma, Logo, Ukum, Kwande LGAsMay 10, 202523Fulani herdersBenue State – Eight people were killed in Ukum, nine in nearby Logo, three each in Guma and Kwande.[150]
Benue State – Tyolaha, Tse‑Ubiam, Ahume, AondonaMay  27, 202542 (10 killed in Tyolaha and Tse-Ubiam; 32 killed in Ahume and Aondona)HerdersCoordinated weekend attacks attributed to itinerant herders in Gwer West local government area in Benue state.

[151][152]

Yelwata, BenueJune 14, 202545–200Cattle herdsmenYelwata community inBenue State[153]
Wannune, BenueJune 20, 2025??Cattle herdsmenWannune community, Tarka LGA inBenue State[154]
Mangun District, Plateau StateJune 20, 202514suspected herdersMostly children and the elderly killed and houses burnt in Juwan and Manja communities in Bokkos and Mangu LGAs of Plateau State by suspected herdsmen.

[155]

Mangun District, Plateau StateJune 21, 202512 killed, 22 injuredcommunity vigilantes/mobMangun District of Mangu LGA of Plateau State. A group of out-of-town travellers enroute to a wedding were killed when they inadvertently lost their way and found themselves in a tense community that had endured repeated terror attacks, including the prior night.[156]

[157]

See also

[edit]

Literature

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"THE 1964 TIV RIOTS - Soluap".soluap.com. 27 March 2023. Retrieved27 January 2024.
  2. ^"Nigeria - Civil War".countrystudies.us. Retrieved2024-10-24.
  3. ^Akinyemi, A. B. (1972). "The British Press and the Nigerian Civil War".African Affairs.71 (285):408–426.doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096282.
  4. ^Le Monde, 5 April 1968
  5. ^Sufuyan Ojeifo and Lemmy Ughegbe,Vanguard (Nigeria), 2001.
  6. ^http://www.dawodu.com/barrack7.htm Alfred Obiora Uzokwe,Surviving Biafra, 2002
  7. ^https://www.calitown.com/full-text-of-the-press-statement-issued-by-the-umor-otutu-socio-cultural-organisation-on-the-40th-anniversary-of-the-1975-ugep-massacre/ Full text of the press statement issued by the Umor Otutu Socio-Cultural Organisation on the 40th anniversary of the 1975 Ugep Massacre 2015
  8. ^Lovejoy, Paul Ellsworth; Williams, Pat Ama Tokunbo (1997).Displacement and the Politics of Violence in Nigeria. BRILL.ISBN 9004108769.
  9. ^https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/nigeria/Nigew991-08.htm Human Rights Watch, The Price of Oil viii) Protest and Repression in the Niger Delta, January 1999
  10. ^"The Destruction of Odi and Rape in Choba".HRW.org.Human Rights Watch. 1999-12-22. Retrieved2013-05-30.
  11. ^Bassey, Nnimmo (2006-06-02)."Trade and Human Rights in the Niger Delta of Nigeria".Pambazuka News. Fahamu. Retrieved2013-05-30.
  12. ^"Nigeria buries its dead".BBC News. 25 November 2002. Retrieved4 April 2014.
  13. ^"Nigeria begraaft doden na rellen".Trouw (in Dutch). 26 May 2000. Retrieved4 April 2014.
  14. ^"The "Miss World Riots": Continued Impunity for Killings in Kaduna".Human Rights Watch. July 2003. Retrieved3 April 2014.
  15. ^Johannes Harnischfeger,Democratization and Islamic Law: The Sharia Conflict in Nigeria (Frankfurt am Main 2008) p.35-36. Campus Verlag.ISBN 3593382563
  16. ^"Nigeria: Nigerian soldiers carry out massacres".wsws.org. 2001. Retrieved8 November 2020.
  17. ^"Nigeria: Nigerian soldiers carry out massacres".wsws.org. 2001. Retrieved6 November 2020.
  18. ^"Nigeria riots toll 'passes 200'".BBC News. 24 November 2002. Retrieved4 December 2011.
  19. ^"Revenge in the Name of Religion", Human Rights Watch, 26 May 2005.
  20. ^"At least 120 killed in sectarian strife in Nigeria".NBC News. 23 February 2006. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  21. ^nurdeans (2018-07-31)."Gov. Lalong, Buhari Honour Imam Who Shields 300 Christians from Massacre".NAIJA NEWS TODAY & LATEST BREAKING NEWS ™. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved2019-07-02.
  22. ^"Nigeria: Jos Riots – Death Toll Hits 400y: witnesses". AFP. 29 November 2008. Archived fromthe original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved30 November 2008.
  23. ^"Nigeria accused of ignoring sect warnings before wave of killings".The Guardian. London. 2009-08-02. Retrieved2013-05-30.
  24. ^"The Sun News On-line | News". Archived fromthe original on 2009-08-12. Retrieved2010-04-02.
  25. ^Nossiter, Adam (8 March 2010)."Toll From Religious and Ethnic Violence in Nigeria Rises to 500".The New York Times. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  26. ^abNossiter, Adam (28 August 2011)."Islamic Group Says It Was Behind Fatal Nigeria Attack".The New York Times. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  27. ^"Nigeria group threatens more deadly attacks".Al Jazeera. 6 November 2011. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  28. ^"Nigeria sect clashes kill at least 68 - officials". Reuters. 25 December 2011. Archived fromthe original on 16 April 2013. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  29. ^"Nigeria church bomb death toll rises to 37, wounded 57". Reuters. 30 December 2011. Archived fromthe original on 13 January 2013. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  30. ^"Residents flee attacks in northeast Nigeria". Reuters. 7 January 2012. Archived fromthe original on 13 January 2012. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  31. ^Sky News, ed. (23 January 2012)."Nigeria: More Bombs Found As Death Toll Rises".Sky News. Archived fromthe original on 26 January 2012. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  32. ^ab"Suicide car bombing kills 38 in Nigeria on Easter Sunday". Associated Press. 9 April 2012. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  33. ^BBC NewsAfrica :"Nigeria: Dozens dead in church bombings and rioting" (17 June 2012) - (Retrieved : May 30, 2013)
  34. ^Reuters-UK :"Nigerian Christian worship subdued by church bombs", by Augustine Madu and Joe Brock (24 June 2012) - (Retrieved : May 30, 2013)
  35. ^"Nigeria church attack in Kogi state 'kills 19'".BBC News. 7 August 2012. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  36. ^llo (30 December 2012)."Vijftien christenen gedood in dorp Musari".Het Nieuwsblad. Retrieved15 February 2015.
  37. ^CNN Staff (25 December 2012)."12 killed in attacks on two churches in Nigeria - CNN.com".CNN. Retrieved15 February 2015.{{cite web}}:|author= has generic name (help)
  38. ^"Baga Massacre: Crimes against humanity by JTF?".Nigeria Intel. Archived fromthe original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved15 February 2015.
  39. ^Nossiter, Adam (29 April 2013)."Massacre in Nigeria Spurs Outcry Over Military Tactics".The New York Times. RetrievedMay 30, 2013.
  40. ^abADAMU, ADAMU."Boko Haram blamed after attack on Nigerian college leaves as many as 50 dead". www.theglobeandmail.com. Archived fromthe original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved28 October 2013.
  41. ^McElroy, Damien (8 July 2013)."Terrorists kill 41 children in school attack".smh.com.au. Retrieved8 July 2013.
  42. ^Withnall, Adam (13 August 2013)."Nigeria mosque attack: At least 56 dead in Islamist violence".The Independent. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  43. ^Soffer, Ari."Islamists Massacre 50 Students at Nigerian School". Retrieved28 October 2013.
  44. ^Boko haram: 85 dead and counting in northeast Nigeria village , Wednesday, 29 January 2014 12:36.
  45. ^Ross, Will."Nigeria militants kill dozens in Borno state attack".BBC News.
  46. ^Hemba, Joe (26 February 2014)."Nigerian Islamists kill 59 pupils in boarding school attack".Reuters. Retrieved27 February 2014.
  47. ^"71 killed in a Bomb Blast at a Bus Station in Nigeria".IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved14 April 2014.
  48. ^"Boko Haram Attack Kills Hundreds In Border Town".The Huffington Post. Retrieved7 May 2014.
  49. ^"Over 200 killed in Boko Haram Led Attack in Nigerian Town".IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved7 May 2014.
  50. ^Abdullahi Umar (5 June 2014)."Nigeria: Gwoza Under Siege - Boko Haram Kills 300, Wipes Out Three Villages". AllAfrica.com.
  51. ^"Dozens killed in Bomb Explosion in Nigerian medical school".IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved23 June 2014.
  52. ^"Nigeria Report: The Zaria Massacres And The Role Of The Military". 13 October 2014.
  53. ^"Nigeria unrest: Mosque attack death toll over 100".BBC News. 29 November 2014. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  54. ^"Biafra will not stand, Buhari vows - Vanguard News".vanguardngr.com. 6 March 2016. Retrieved22 April 2018.
  55. ^"Nigeria blasts: Dozens dead as Maiduguri mosque targeted".BBC News. 16 October 2015. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  56. ^"Zaria Carnage: Close to 1000 Shias killed by Nigeria Army - Says Islamic Movement spokesman". 15 December 2015. Retrieved1 April 2016.
  57. ^"Nigeria mosque attack leaves at least 24 dead, 18 injured".CBC News. 16 March 2016. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  58. ^Maclean, Ruth (21 November 2017)."Nigeria mosque attack: suicide bomber kills dozens".The Guardian. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  59. ^"Nigeria mosque attack death toll rises to 86".Al Jazeera. 2 May 2018. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  60. ^"At least 11 killed as suicide attack hits Nigerian mosque".Xinhuanet. 23 July 2018. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  61. ^"UN Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria Strongly Condemns Suicide Attack, Killing at Least 30 Civilians in Borno State - Nigeria | ReliefWeb".reliefweb.int. 2019-06-17. Retrieved2025-03-12.
  62. ^Maclean, Ruth; Alfa, Ismael (2019-06-17)."Bomb attack on busy market kills 30 people in north-east Nigeria".The Guardian.ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved2025-03-12.
  63. ^"Nigerian forces killed 12 peaceful protesters, Amnesty says".AP. 21 October 2020.
  64. ^"End Sars protests: People 'shot dead' in Lagos, Nigeria". 21 October 2020.
  65. ^"Nigeria: Boko Haram killed 76 farmers in Borno State".Deutsche Welle. Retrieved2 December 2020.
  66. ^"Nigeria mosque attack leaves 8 people dead, police say motive was family dispute".Arab News. Associated Press. 16 May 2024. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  67. ^Bankole, Idowu (2024-08-01)."Boko Haram suicide attack kills 19, Iinjures dozens in Borno village".Vanguard News. Retrieved2025-03-12.
  68. ^AFP, Staff Writer With (2025-01-14)."Jihadists Kill at Least 40 Farmers in Northeast Nigeria".The Defense Post. Retrieved2025-03-12.
  69. ^"Nigeria: Boko Haram must end vicious killing spree".Amnesty International. 2025-01-15. Retrieved2025-03-12.
  70. ^Gbaoron, Nathaniel (2025-04-14)."Forty-seven killed in Sunday night attack on Plateau".Businessday NG. Retrieved2025-04-17.
  71. ^"None spared in Nigeria gun, machete massacre: survivors".France 24. 2025-04-16. Retrieved2025-04-17.
  72. ^"Gov Mutfwang declares war on terror as 51 killed in Plateau massacre | Pulse Nigeria".www.pulse.ng. Retrieved2025-04-17.
  73. ^https://www.dcnewsnow.com/business/press-releases/ein-presswire/804103744/csi-condemns-holy-week-massacre-of-christians-in-nigeria/
  74. ^"Nigeria: Armed gangs kill dozens in northeast – DW – 05/25/2025".Deutsche Welle.
  75. ^"Herdsmen slaughter 42 Christians in Taraba state, Nigeria". 26 May 2025.
  76. ^https://www.umnews.org/en/news/24-united-methodists-killed-in-nigeria-attack
  77. ^"Benue killings: Tinubu to visit Benue, as IG of Police and General Musa land in Yelwata".BBC News. 2025-06-16. Retrieved2025-06-21.
  78. ^SHIBAYAN, DYEPKAZAH (15 June 2025)."At least 100 people killed by gunmen in north-central Nigeria, rights group says".ABC News. Retrieved2025-06-21.
  79. ^"'Babies Were Burned': Muslim Gunmen Massacre up to 200 Christians in Nigeria".Christian Broadcasting Network. 2025-06-18. Retrieved2025-06-21.
  80. ^Achirga, Abraham (2025-06-17)."Charred bodies, shattered lives after gunmen kill 100 in Nigeria".Reuters. Retrieved2025-06-21.
  81. ^https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c3rvxdw52vdo.amp
  82. ^"Bandits kill 23 people in Zamfara fresh attack - Premium Times Nigeria". May 28, 2019.
  83. ^Bandits kill 23 in reprisal attack in Zamfara
  84. ^"25 killed in Sokoto bandit attacks". 9 June 2019.
  85. ^"Four arrested as bandits kill 25 in Sokoto".Daily Trust. June 9, 2019.
  86. ^"Zamfara: Bandits Kill 16, Injure 14 In Sallah Day Massacre …Gov Suspends Emir, District Head Over Killings". 7 June 2019.
  87. ^"Insecurity: 21 killed, 12 missing in various attacks across Nigeria last week". June 9, 2019.
  88. ^ab"Gangs kill dozens in series of attacks in northern Nigeria".www.aljazeera.com.
  89. ^"Nigerian gangs kill 43 in attacks".Borneo Post Online. June 10, 2019.
  90. ^"Nigeria: Bandit Attacks in Shiroro".allAfrica.com. June 19, 2019.
  91. ^"Niger bandit attacks: Death toll now 70 — Senator".Daily Trust. June 14, 2019.
  92. ^Police confirm 34 killed by bandits in Zamfara
  93. ^"Suspected Fulani raid Christian school in Nigeria; 4 believers killed in another attack".www.christianpost.com. 12 May 2020. Retrieved2020-05-12.
  94. ^"Cattle thieves kill 88 in northwest Nigeria massacre".The Week.
  95. ^"Igangan killings: 50 dead, North wants war in Nigeria – Gani Adams". Archived fromthe original on 2021-07-10. Retrieved2021-07-03.
  96. ^Carter, Sarah."Nigeria leader vows "no mercy" for gunmen behind massacre that left more than 150 dead in country's north".CBS.
  97. ^"Gunmen kill 48 in northwest Nigeria attacks: local official".news.yahoo.com. Retrieved2022-05-08.
  98. ^"Dozens killed in attacks in northwest Nigeria, local official says".France 24. 2022-05-08. Retrieved2022-05-08.
  99. ^"Bandits Kill Around 50 In Fresh Zamfara Attacks".Koko Tv. 2022-05-08. Retrieved2022-05-08.
  100. ^"Armed Bandits Kill 15 at Mosque in Northwest Nigeria – Residents Say".Voice of America. 24 September 2022. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  101. ^"At least 9 killed, many abducted in 'bandit' gang attack in Nigeria".Al Jazeera. 19 July 2025. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  102. ^"Death toll in Nigeria mosque attack rises to 50, dozens abducted".The Hindu. 20 August 2025. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  103. ^Abubakar, Mansur (20 August 2025)."Gunmen in Nigeria kill Muslim worshippers in 'reprisal attack'".BBC News. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  104. ^https://www.punchng.com/bandits-kill-15-vigilantes-hunters-in-kwara-community
  105. ^https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/12-forest-guards-killed-by-gunmen-in-northcentral-nigeria
  106. ^Blomfield, Adrian (June 25, 2018)."Nigeria to increase security after violent cattle wars between Muslim herders and Christian farmers".The Telegraph.
  107. ^"Curfew declared in Nigerian city after deadly sectarian violence".Daily Nation.
  108. ^"Panel on Tiv/Jukun clashes in Benue begins sitting". 5 March 2019.
  109. ^Breaking: 15 houses burnt as Tiv, Jukun clash in Makurdi
  110. ^ab"Gunmen kill 26 in seven villages in Zamfara state, northwest Nigeria". February 5, 2019.
  111. ^"Miyetti Allah releases names of 131 victims of Kajuru, Kaduna violence - Premium Times Nigeria". 22 February 2019.
  112. ^"Death toll in last week's Nigeria attack doubles to 130".Aljazeera. 19 February 2019. Retrieved19 February 2019.
  113. ^Okunloye, Busayo (March 16, 2019)."Kajuru Killings: Miyetti Allah Says 'Adara' Militia Group's At Work".
  114. ^Busari, Kemi (March 16, 2019)."SPECIAL REPORT: After attacks, Kajuru villagers tell tales of pains, sorrow".
  115. ^"Herdsmen Kill 17 Persons in Benue". February 20, 2019.
  116. ^Attack by ‘herdsmen’ in central Nigeria leaves 17 dead
  117. ^"29 killed as ethnic violence grips NW Nigeria".news.yahoo.com.
  118. ^"Death Toll From Kaduna Attack Rises To 40". 2 March 2019.
  119. ^16 killed as herdsmen attack Benue community
  120. ^"16 farmers Killed in Benue By Herdsmen".Nigerian Voice.
  121. ^Suspected Herdsmen Have Killed 16 Persons As They Carried Out Retaliatory Attack For Their Alleged Stolen Cows In Benue
  122. ^Opeyemi, Adeola (March 4, 2019)."Suspected herdsmen kill 16 in fresh attack on Benue community".Legit.ng - Nigeria news.
  123. ^Suspected Igburra Militants Kill 20 Bassa Kwomu, Razed 50 Houses In Sheria, Oguma Communities
  124. ^Tide, The (8 March 2019)."20 Killed In Kogi Communal Clashes".
  125. ^ab"Herdsmen Kill 85 People in Kaduna Communities". March 13, 2019.
  126. ^Oladele, David (March 14, 2019)."Police confirm killing of 17, embark on aerial surveillance of flash-points".Legit.ng - Nigeria news.
  127. ^"Cattle thieves kill 17 in NW Nigeria: police".MSN.
  128. ^"Smart voters, NBC's sanctions, and ethnic bashing". 14 March 2019.
  129. ^Akhaine, Saxone; Alabi, Abdulganiyu (March 13, 2019)."Nigeria: Community, Police Differ On Casualties in Kaduna Attacks".allAfrica.com.
  130. ^"Fresh Herdsmen Attack Claims 10 in Kaduna Community". March 17, 2019.
  131. ^Tauna, Amos (March 16, 2019)."10 killed, 30 houses set ablaze as gunmen raid Southern Kaduna".
  132. ^"4 killed, 3 villages sacked in Cross River communal clash". March 18, 2019.
  133. ^"4 C'River communities razed in communal conflict". March 18, 2019.
  134. ^Many reported dead following bloody communal clash in Agatu, Benue state
  135. ^Duru, Peter (March 19, 2019)."Nigeria: Many Feared Dead, Scores Injured, Houses Razed in Fresh Agatu Communal Clash".allAfrica.com.
  136. ^Ososanya, Tunde (March 21, 2019)."10 reportedly feared dead in Benue state as herdsmen strike again".Legit.ng - Nigeria news.
  137. ^"10 feared dead in fresh herdsmen attack on Guma LGA of Benue". March 20, 2019.
  138. ^20 feared dead in Rivers’ fresh cult attack
  139. ^"16 dead as cult war resumes in Rivers". May 21, 2019.
  140. ^"Tension In Jos As Reprisal Attack Kills Many, Houses Burnt".Sahara Reporters. May 27, 2019.
  141. ^"Scores killed, many injured as fresh violence erupts in Jos". May 26, 2019.
  142. ^"Five people killed, 12 houses burnt in fresh Plateau crisis - Police - Premium Times Nigeria". May 27, 2019.
  143. ^"Arewa pastors say 30 Christians killed in Jos attacks". 28 May 2019.
  144. ^nurdeans (2019-07-02)."RUGA SETTLEMENT IS TO RESOLVE FARMER/HERDER CONFLICTS – PRESIDENCY".NAIJA NEWS TODAY & LATEST BREAKING NEWS ™. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved2019-07-02.
  145. ^"Couple Abducted from Wedding in Attacks in Northwest Nigeria that Kill 12 Christians".Morningstar News. 2020-04-29. Retrieved2020-05-12.
  146. ^"Gunmen Attack Mosque in Nigeria's Troubled North, Killing 16".Voice of America. Associated Press. 10 December 2021. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  147. ^Idahosa, Amadin (December 20, 2021)."Nasarawa Massacre: Fulani Strike Leaves Over 50 Bodies Lifeless".everyevery.ng. Retrieved8 April 2022.
  148. ^"Dozens killed in 'barbaric, senseless' violence in Nigeria".www.aljazeera.com. December 22, 2021. Retrieved8 April 2022.
  149. ^ACN (2022-06-07)."ACN statement about the Pentecost massacre in St. Francis Xavier Church in Owo, Nigeria".ACN International. Retrieved2022-11-18.
  150. ^"At least 23 killed in attacks in Nigeria's Benue State".TRT World. 12 May 2023. Retrieved12 October 2025.
  151. ^"Police Officer, 41 Others Killed in Fresh Benue Coordinated Attacks". 27 May 2025.
  152. ^Egbejule, Eromo (27 May 2025)."Forty-two people killed in central Nigeria in attacks blamed on herders".The Guardian.
  153. ^"JUST IN: Over 200 residents, including IDPs, soldiers killed in fresh Benue attacks". 14 June 2025.
  154. ^https://saharareporters.com/2025/06/20/breaking-armed-herdsmen-attack-another-benue-community-48-hours-after-tinubus-visit
  155. ^"Thirteen Killed, Houses Burnt as Gunmen Attack Plateau Communities". 20 June 2025.
  156. ^"Mob Kills 12 Wedding-Bound Travellers in Plateau". 21 June 2025.
  157. ^"Police nab 22 suspects over killing of 12 Plateau wedding guests". 21 June 2025.
Lists ofmassacres
By past country
or territory
By country
or territory
By conflict
By group
See also
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