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List of Indigenous peoples

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These paragraphs are an excerpt fromIndigenous peoples.[edit]

There is no generally accepted definition ofIndigenous peoples,^[a]^[1]^[2]^[3] although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territory, and an experience of subjugation and discrimination under a dominant cultural model.^[4]

Estimates of the population of Indigenous peoples range from 250 million to 600 million.^[5] There are some 5,000 distinct Indigenous peoples spread across every inhabited climate zone and inhabited continent of the world.^[6]^[7] Most Indigenous peoples are in a minority in the state or traditional territory they inhabit and have experienced domination by other groups, especially non-Indigenous peoples.^[8]^[9] Although many Indigenous peoples have experienced colonization by settlers from European nations,^[10] Indigenous identity is not determined by Western colonization.^[4]

The rights of Indigenous peoples are outlined in national legislation, treaties and international law. The 1989 International Labour Organization (ILO)Convention on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples protects Indigenous peoples from discrimination and specifies their rights to development, customary laws, lands, territories and resources, employment, education and health.^[11] In 2007, theUnited Nations (UN) adopted aDeclaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples including their rights to self-determination and to protect their cultures, identities, languages, ceremonies, and access to employment, health,education and natural resources.^[12]

Indigenous peoples continue to face threats to their sovereignty, economic well-being, languages, cultural heritage, and access to the resources on which their cultures depend.^[13] In the 21st century, Indigenous groups and advocates for Indigenous peoples have highlighted numerous apparent violations of the rights of Indigenous peoples.

v t e Ethnicity
Concepts	Clan Ethnic group Ethnographic group Ethnolinguistic group Ethnonational group Ethnoreligious group Ethnographic realism Diaspora Immigration /Emigration Hyphenated ethnicity Indigenous peoples In-group and out-groups Meta-ethnicity Metroethnicity Minority group Influence Monoethnicity Nation Nationality Panethnicity Polyethnicity Population Race Reactive ethnicity Supraethnicity Symbolic ethnicity Tribe
Ethnology	Anthropology Ethnic studies Ethnoarchaeology Ethnobiology Ethnobotany Ethnoecology Ethnomycology Ethnozoology Ethnocinema Ethnogeology Ethnography Autoethnography Clinical Critical Institutional Netnography Online Person-centered Salvage Transidioethnography Video Ethnohistory Ethnolinguistics Ethnology Ethnomathematics Ethnostatistics Ethnomedicine Ethnomethodology Ethnomuseology Ethnomusicology Ethnophilosophy Ethnopoetics Ethnopsychopharmacology Ethnoscience Ethnosemiotics Ethnotaxonomy
Groups by region	World Contemporary ethnic groups Countries by ethnic groups Africa Americas Indigenous Canada Greenland Mexico United States Caribbean Central America South America Asia Central Asia East Asia North Asia South Asia Southeast Asia West Asia Australia Aboriginal groups Torres Strait Islanders Europe Oceania Indigenous European
Identity and ethnogenesis	Cross-race effect Cultural assimilation Cultural identity Demonym Development Endonym Ethnarch Ethnic flag Ethnic option Ethnic origin Ethnic religion Ethnicity in censuses Ethnofiction Ethnonym Folk religion Historical Imagined community Kinship Legendary progenitor Linguistic homeland Mores Mythomoteur Nation-building Nation state National language National myth Origin myth Pantribal sodality Tribal name Tribalism Detribalization Neotribalism White ethnic
Multiethnic society	Consociationalism Cultural appropriation Diaspora politics Dominant minority Ethnic democracy Ethnic enclave Ethnic interest group Ethnic majority Ethnic media Ethnic nationalism Ethnic pornography Ethnic theme park Ethnoburb Ethnocracy Ethnographic film Ethnographic village Ethnopluralism Indigenous rights Middleman minority Minority rights Model minority Model minority myth Multinational state
Ideology and ethnic conflict	Allophilia Ethnic bioweapon Ethnic cleansing Ethnic hatred Ethnic joke Ethnic party Ethnic penalty Ethnic slurs Ethnic stereotype Ethnic violence Ethnic riots Ethnocentrism Ethnocide Ethnofuturism Ethnosymbolism Indigenism Indigenization Nativism Remigration Separatist movements Xenocentrism Xenophilia Xenophobia
Related	Minzu (anthropology)

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Definition

Africa

African Great Lakes

Central Africa

Horn of Africa

Sudan

Southern Africa

West Africa

North Africa

West and Central Asia

West Asia

Caucasus

Central Asia

South Asia

Indian subcontinent

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Northeast Asia

China

Western China

North China

South China

Mongolia

Taiwan

Japan

Korea

Siberia and Far East of Russia

Southeast Asia

Mainland Southeast Asia (Indochina Peninsula)

Maritime Southeast Asia (Malay Archipelago)

Europe

Northern Europe

Eastern Europe

Western Europe

Americas

North America

Arctic

Subarctic

Pacific Northwest Coast

Northwest Plateau-Great Basin-California

Northwest Plateau

Great Basin

California

Great Plains

Eastern Woodlands

Northeastern Woodlands

Southeastern Woodlands

Southwest

Mesoamerica

Central America

Mesoamerica

Isthmo-Colombian Area

South America

Isthmo-Colombian Area

Amazon

Guianas

Eastern Highlands (Brazilian Highlands)

Chaco

Central Andes

Southern Cone

Araucania

Pampas

Patagonia

Caribbean

Oceania

Australia

Western Desert

Kimberley

Northwest

Southwest

Fitzmaurice Basin

Arnhem Land

Top End

Gulf Country

Cape York

West Cape

East Cape

Daintree Rainforest

Lake Eyre Basin

Spencer Gulf