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List of human evolution fossils

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(Redirected fromList of hominina fossils)

This list isincomplete; you can help byadding missing items.(March 2021)
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The following tables give an overview of notable finds ofhomininfossils andremains relating tohuman evolution, beginning with the formation of the tribe Hominini (the divergence of thehuman and chimpanzee lineages) in the lateMiocene, roughly 7 to 8 million years ago.

As there are thousands of fossils, mostly fragmentary, often consisting of single bones or isolated teeth with complete skulls and skeletons rare, this overview is not complete, but shows some of the most important findings. The fossils are arranged by approximate age as determined byradiometric dating and/orincremental dating and the species name represents current consensus; if there is no clear scientific consensus the other possible classifications are indicated.

The early fossils shown are not considered ancestors toHomo sapiens but are closely related to ancestors and are therefore important to the study of the lineage. After 1.5 million years ago (extinction ofParanthropus), all fossils shown are human (genusHomo). After 11,500 years ago (11.5 ka, beginning of theHolocene), all fossils shown areHomo sapiens (anatomically modern humans), illustratingrecent divergence in the formation ofmodern human sub-populations.


Late Miocene (7.2–5.5 million years old)

[edit]
Further information:Chimpanzee–human last common ancestor,Ardipithecus,Sahelanthropus,Homininae, andHominini

The chimpanzee–human divergence likely took place around 10 to 7 million years ago.[1] The list of fossils begins withGraecopithecus, dated some 7.2 million years ago, which may or may not still be ancestral to both the human and the chimpanzee lineage. For the earlier history of the human lineage, seeTimeline of human evolution#Hominidae,Hominidae#Phylogeny.


ImageNameAge (Ma)SpeciesYear
discovered		CountryDiscovered byNow located at
El Graeco7.20[2]Graecopithecus1944, 2017Greece, Bulgaria
Site:Pyrgos Vassilissis, Azmaka		Böhme (Tübingen), Spassov (BAS)Met, Athens; Tübingen, Germany
TM 266 (Toumai)7.00–6.00[3]Sahelanthropus tchadensis2001Chad
Site:Djurab Desert		Michel Brunet, Alain Beauvilain, Fanone Gongdibe, Mahamat Adoum and Ahounta DjimdoumalbayeN'Djamena (Chad), BEAC
BAR 1000'006.1–5.7[4]Orrorin tugenensis2000Kenya
Site:Lukeino		Martin Pickford, Kiptalam Cheboi, Dominique Gommery, Pierre Mein,Brigitte Senut
Trachilos footprints6.05[5]Made by hominin or hominin-like primate2002GreeceGerard D. Gierliński
ALA-VP 1/20[6]5.65±0.150Ardipithecus kadabba1997Ethiopia
Site:Middle Awash		Yohannes Haile-Selassie

Pliocene (5.3–2.58 million years old)

[edit]
Further information:Kenyanthropus,Australopithecus, andParanthropus
ImageNameAge (Ma)SpeciesYear
discovered		CountryDiscovered byNow located at
Ardi4.40[7]Ardipithecus ramidus1994EthiopiaYohannes Haile-Selassie
KNM-LT 329. Replica at Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales of MadridLothagam mandible (KNM-LT 329)[8]4.60±0.40[9]Australopithecus anamensis or undeterminedHominidae1967KenyaArnold Lewis,[10]Bryan Patterson[11][12][13]
KNM-TH 131504.70±0.55[14]Australopithecus anamensis1984KenyaKiptalam Cheboi[11]
KNM-KP 2714.00[15]Australopithecus anamensis1965Kanapoi,KenyaBryan Patterson[11]
Laetoli Footprints3.70Bipedalhominin1976TanzaniaMary Leakey
LH 43.40±0.50Australopithecus afarensis1974Laetoli,TanzaniaMary Leakey[16]
KSD-VP-1/1 (Kadanuumuu)3.58Australopithecus afarensis2005EthiopiaYohannes Haile-Selassie
KT-12/H1 (Abel)3.50Australopithecus bahrelghazali1995ChadMamelbaye Tomalta andMichel BrunetN'Djamena (Chad), BEAC
KNM-WT 22944 G-J[17]3.50Australopithecus sp.1990KenyaMultinational teamNational Museums of Kenya
KNM-WT 40000 (Flat Faced Man)[18]3.50-3.20Kenyanthropus platyops1999Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana),KenyaJustus Erus andMeave Leakey[19]
BRT-VP-3/143.40±0.10Australopithecus deyiremeda2015EthiopiaYohannes Haile-Selassie[20]
Stw 573 (Little foot)3.67Australopithecus prometheus(?)1994Sterkfontein,South AfricaRonald J. Clarke
DIK-1 (Selam)3.30Australopithecus afarensis2000EthiopiaZeresenay Alemseged
AL 288-1 (Lucy)3.20Australopithecus afarensis1974EthiopiaTom Gray,Donald Johanson,Yves Coppens andMaurice TaiebNational Museum of Ethiopia
AL 200-1 and AL 400–1. Australopithecus afarensisAL 200-13.10±0.10Australopithecus afarensis1975Afar Region,EthiopiaDonald JohansonYves Coppens andMaurice Taieb
AL 129-13.10±0.10Australopithecus afarensis1973Afar Region,EthiopiaDonald Johanson
AL 444-2[21]3.00Australopithecus afarensis1992Afar Region,EthiopiaYoel Rak
LD 350-1[22]2.775±0.025[23]Homo(?)2013EthiopiaChalachew Seyoum
Taung Child 13.03–2.61Australopithecus africanus1924Buxton-Norlim Limeworks, South AfricaRaymond DartUniversity of the Witwatersrand

Pleistocene

[edit]

Lower Paleolithic: 2.58–0.3 million years old

[edit]
Further information:Australopithecus,Paranthropus,Homo, andHomo erectus
NameAge (Ma)SpeciesDate
discovered		CountryDiscovered byNow located at
KNM-WT 17000
(The Black Skull)		2.50Paranthropus aethiopicus1985KenyaAlan Walker
BOU-VP-12/130[24]2.50Australopithecus garhi1997EthiopiaYohannes Haile-Selassie
STS 71STS 71[25]2.61–2.07Australopithecus africanus1947Sterkfontein,South AfricaRobert Broom andJohn T. RobinsonDitsong National Museum of Natural History
STS 52a and STS 52bSTS 522.61–2.07Australopithecus africanus1947Sterkfontein,South AfricaRobert BroomDitsong National Museum of Natural History
OriginalUR 501 (Uraha jawbone)2.40±0.10Homo rudolfensis[26]1991MalawiTyson Msiska, Timothy Bromage, Friedemann Schrenk
STS 5 (Mrs. Ples)
(STS 14)[27]		2.07[28]Australopithecus africanus1947Sterkfontein,South AfricaRobert BroomDitsong National Museum of Natural History
DNH 134 (Simon)[29]2.04[29]Homo erectus2015Drimolen Main Quarry,South AfricaAndy Herries' team (excavated by Richard Curtis, Andy Herries, Angeline Leece; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 155[30]2.04–1.95Paranthropus robustus2018Drimolen Main Quarry, South AfricaAndy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first found by Samantha Good and excavated by Samantha Good, Angeline Leece, Stephanie Baker and Andy Herries; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 152[29](Khethi)2.04–1.95[29]Paranthropus robustus2018Drimolen Main Quarry, South AfricaAndy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first part found by Khethi Nkosi. later parts by Amber Jaeger, Eunice Lalunio; reconstructed by Jesse Martin & Angeline Leece)University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 7
(Eurydice)[31]		2.04–1.95[29]Paranthropus robustus1994Drimolen, Drimolen Main Quarry,South AfricaR. Smith andAndré KeyserUniversity of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 640602.03Homo habilis2012Ileret,Kenya
KNM-ER 640612.02Homo erectus2012-2013Ileret,Kenya
TM 1517[32]2.0Paranthropus robustus1938South AfricaGert TerblancheDitsong National Museum of Natural History
MH1 (Karabo)[33][34]1.98[35]Australopithecus sediba2008Malapa,South AfricaMatthew Berger andLee Rogers BergerUniversity of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 18131.90Homo habilis1973KenyaKamoya Kimeu
KNM-ER 14701.90Homo rudolfensis1972KenyaBernard Ngeneo[36]
SK 482.25–1.80Paranthropus robustus1948Swartkrans,South AfricaRobert BroomDitsong National Museum of Natural History
SK 46[37]2.25–1.80Paranthropus robustus1949Swartkrans,South AfricaRobert BroomDitsong National Museum of Natural History
SK 847[38]2.25–1.80Homo habilis1949Swartkrans,South AfricaDitsong National Museum of Natural History
Replica made with a 3D printerOH 24
(Twiggy)[39]		1.80Homo habilis1968TanzaniaPeter Nzube
OH 8[40]1.80Homo habilis1960Olduvai,Tanzania
D2700 (Dmanisi Skull 3)1.81±0.40[41]Homo erectus2001Dmanisi,GeorgiaDavid Lordkipanidze and Abesalom Vekua
Dmanisi skull 4, D3444D3444 (Dmanisi Skull 4)1.81±0.40Homo erectus2003Dmanisi,GeorgiaDavid Lordkipanidze
Dmanisi skull 5 in situD4500 (Dmanisi Skull 5)1.81±0.40Homo erectus2005 (published in 2013)Dmanisi,GeorgiaDavid Lordkipanidze
KNM-ER 62000–62003[42]1.84±0.60Homo rudolfensis2012Koobi Fora,KenyaMeave Leakey's team
KNM-ER 640621.84±0.02Homo erectus2013Ileret,Kenya
OH 5
(Zinj or
nutcracker man)		1.75Paranthropus boisei1959TanzaniaMary Leakey
OH 71.75Homo habilis1960TanzaniaJonathan Leakey
StW 531.8–1.6[28]variouslyA. africanus,H. habilis,H. gautengensis1976Sterkfontein,South AfricaA. R. HughesUniversity of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 18051.74Homo habilis1973/4KenyaPaul Abell
Yuanmou Man1.70
or 0.60–0.50
(disputed)[43]		Homo erectus1965ChinaFang Qian
KNM-ER 4061.70Paranthropus boisei1969KenyaRichard Leakey
KNM-ER 732[44]1.70Paranthropus boisei1970KenyaRichard Leakey
KNM-ER 23000[45]1.70Paranthropus boisei1990Koobi Fora,KenyaBenson Kyongo
KNM-WT 17400[46][47]1.70Paranthropus boiseiNot known[48]Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana)Kenyaunknown[48]National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi (Kenia)
KNM-ER 37331.63±0.15[49]Homo ergaster (a.k.a. AfricanHomo erectus)1975Kenya
Lantian Man1.62±0.03Homo erectus1963Lantian County,ChinaWoo Ju-Kang
KNM-WT 15000
(Turkana Boy)		1.60Homo ergaster (a.k.a. AfricanHomo erectus)1984Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana),KenyaKamoya KimeuKenya National Museum
Replica of the mandible of Peninj, P. boiseiPeninj Mandible1.50Paranthropus boisei1964TanzaniaRichard Leakey
Ileret Footprints1.50Homo erectus2007-2014Ileret,Kenya
KNM-ER 992. Replica. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales in MadridKNM-ER 9921.50Homo ergaster (a.k.a. AfricanHomo erectus)1971KenyaRichard Leakey
KNM-ER 38831.57±0.08Homo erectus1976KenyaRichard Leakey
Mojokerto 1
(Mojokerto child)		1.43±0.10Homo erectus1936IndonesiaAndojo,G.H.R. von Koenigswald
BL02-J54-100[50]1.40Similar toH. heidelbergensisUnknownSpainUnknown
KGA 10-525[51][52]1.40Paranthropus boisei1993Konso-Gardula,EthiopiaA. Amzaye
OH 9, partial skullOH 9
(Chellean Man)[53]		1.40Homo erectus1960Olduvai,TanzaniaLouis Leakey
Sima del Elephante maxilla[54]1.40Homo erectus?2022Spain
OH 801.34Paranthropus boisei2010Olduvai Gorge,TanzaniaManuel Dominguez-RodrigoNational Museum of Tanzania
The Mandible of Sima del Elefante (Atapuerca)ATE9-1[55]1.20Homo sp. orHomo erectus?[54]2008SpainEudald CarbonellMuseo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)
The Kocabas hominin calvariaKocabaş1.10[56]Homo erectus[57]2002TurkeyM. Cihat Alçiçek
Daka1.00Homo erectus1997EthiopiaHenry Gilbert
Sangiran 41.00Homo erectus1939IndonesiaG.H.R. von Koenigswald
Sangiran 21.15±0.45Homo erectus1937IndonesiaG.H.R. von Koenigswald
Madam BuyaMadam Buya[58]1.00Homo erectus1997EritreaErnesto AbbateNational Museum of Eritrea
ATD6-15 and ATD6-69

(Niño de la Gran Dolina 342)

0.900[59]Homo antecessor
or
Homo erectus		1994SpainBermúdez &ArsuagaMuseo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)
Trinil 2
Pithecanthropus-1
or
Java Man[60]		0.850±0.150Homo erectus1891IndonesiaEugène DuboisNaturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden
Mandible Ternifine IIITernifine 2-3 now Tighennif[61]0.70Homo erectus1954AlgeriaC. Arambourg & B. Hoffstetter
Sangiran 17[62]0.70Homo erectus1969IndonesiaS. Sartono
Peking Man0.73±0.50[63]Homo erectus1921ChinaDavidson BlackLost/stolen
Nanjing Man0.60±0.02Homo erectus1993ChinaLiu Luhong
Bodo[64]0.600Homo heidelbergensis
or
Homo erectus		1976EthiopiaA. Asfaw
Benjamina[65][66]0.53Homo neanderthalensis[67]2001-2001SpainAna Gracia Téllez
Mauer 1
(Heidelberg Man)		0.50Homo heidelbergensis1907GermanyDaniel HartmannHeidelberg University
Saldanha man[68]0.50Homo rhodesiensis1953South Africa
Boxgrove Man0.50[69]Homo heidelbergensis1994UKNatural History Museum
Arago XXIArago 21
(Tautavel Man)		0.45Homo erectus1971FranceHenry de Lumley
Ceprano Man[70][71]0.450±0.050Homo cepranensis
/Homo heidelbergensis		1994Ceprano, ItalyItalo BiddittuServizio di antropologia, Soprintendenza ai beni culturali, Regione Lazio, Italy
Agamenón[72]0.43Homo neanderthalensis[67]1997SpainPaleontological teamsMuseo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)
Miguelón0.40Homo neanderthalensis[67]1992SpainBermúdez,Arsuaga &CarbonellMuseo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)
Aroeira 30.40Homo heidelbergensis2014PortugalJoão Zilhão [de]Museu Nacional de Arqueologia, Lisbon
Salé cranium[73][74][75]0.40-0.20Homo sapiens?[76]1971MoroccoQuarry worker
ReplicaSwanscombe Man[77]0.40Homo neanderthalensis1935, 1936, 1955UKAlvan T Marston, John J Wymer and Adrian GibsonNatural History Museum
Replica made by a 3D printerNdutu[78][79]0.45±.04Homo neanderthalensis affinities1973TanzaniaA.A. Mturi
Hexian Man[80][81]0.412±0.025[82]Homo erectus1980-1981[83]Hexian,China
BH-10.40[84]Homo heidelbergensisMala Balanica,Serbia
Gawis cranium0.350±0.150Homo erectus/Homo sapiens2006EthiopiaAsahmed Humet
Steinheim Skull0.35Homo heidelbergensis1933Germany
Dinaledi Chamber hominins0.325±0.090[85]Homo naledi2013South AfricaRick Hunter and Steven TuckerUniversity of the Witwatersrand (South Africa)
Montmaurin-La Niche mandible~0.25Homo heidelbergensis1949Haute-Garonne,FranceLouis MèrocMusée de l'Homme

Middle Paleolithic: 300,000–50,000 years old

[edit]
Further information:Middle Stone Age,Southern Dispersal,Archaic humans, andAnatomically modern humans
NameAge (ka)SpeciesYear
discovered		CountryDiscovered byNow located at
Dragon Man309–138Homo longi1933ChinaHebei GEO University
Broken Hill 1
(Kabwe 1, Rhodesian Man)		299±25[86]Homo rhodesiensis (Homo heidelbergensis)1921ZambiaTom Zwiglaar
Jebel Irhoud 1Jebel Irhoud 1–5315±32[87]Homo sapiens2017MoroccoINSAP
Samu[88]275±25Homo heidelbergensis1964HungaryLászló Vértes
Dali Man[89]260±20[90]Homo daliensis1978ChinaShuntang Liu
Jinniushan260-200 ka[91]Homo longiHomo daliensis1984China[92]Paleolithic Archeology Student Excavation Team[92]
Florisbad Skull259±35earlyHomo sapiens
orHomo heidelbergensis
orHomo helmei		1932South AfricaT. F. Dreyer, G. Venter
Galilee Man250±50Homo heidelbergensis1925IsraelFrancis Turville-Petre
Coupe-Gorge[93]250Homo heidelbergensis1949FranceRaoul Cammas
Montmaurin-La Niche mandible[94]250Homo heidelbergensis1949FranceRaoul CammasMusée de l'Homme
Saccopastore 1250[95]Homo neanderthalensis1929Grotta Guattari /ItalyMario Grazioli
Saccopastore 2[96]250Homo neanderthalensis1935Grotta Guattari /ItalyHenry Breuil andAlberto Carlo Blanc
Narmada Cranium236-46Homo erectus orHomo sapiensNarmada River, India
Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site, Denbighshire, Wales230Homo neanderthalensis1981Wales,UK
Apidima 1
(LAO 1/S1)		210[97]Homo sapiens1978Apidima Cave /GreeceTheodore Pitsios[98]
Petralona 1Petralona 1200±40[99]Homo heidelbergensis (uncertain)1960Greece
Omo remains233±22[100] or 195±5[101]Homo sapiens1967EthiopiaRichard Leakey
Laterite Baby190(?)[102]H. erectus
or
H. sapiens		2001Tamil Nadu,IndiaP Rajendran
Misliya-1187±13[103]Homo sapiens2002IsraelIsrael Hershkovitz
Apidima 2
(LAO 1/S2)		170[97]Homo neanderthalensis1978Apidima Cave /GreeceTheodore Pitsios[98]
Penghu 1160±30 or 40±30[104]Homo tsaichangensis[105][106][107]c. 2008TaiwanNational Museum of Natural Science
Herto's skullHerto remains[108]160Homo sapiens1997EthiopiaTim White
Lateral viewXiahe mandible160[109]Denisovan1980China
Altamura Man151±21[110]Homo neanderthalensis1993Italyin situ
Nesher RamlaHomo140±120Nesher RamlaHomo
or
Homo neanderthalensis		2021IsraelIsrael Hershkovitz
Maba Man140±120early modern human,

Homo neanderthalensis

or

Denisovan

1958Shaogun,ChinaInstitute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
Callao Man
(CCH9)		134±14[111]Homo luzonensis2011–2015Callao Cave,PhilippinesFlorent Détroit &Armand Mijares
EH 06132–88Homo sapiens ?2002–2006Lake Eyasi,TanzaniaManuel Domínguez-Rodrigo
LH 18120±30Homo sapiens1976Ngaloba beds atLaetoli,TanzaniaMary Leakey[112]
Tabun C1. Low resolutionTabun C1[113]120Homo neanderthalensis1967IsraelArthur Jelinek
Sarstedt (Sst) I-III[114]115-58 kaHomo neanderthalensis?1997-1999GermanyFrangenberg brothers
Krapina 3[115]113.5±13.5[116]Homo neanderthalensis1899CroatiaDragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger
Ngandong 7112[117]Homo erectus1931IndonesiaC. ter Haar andG. H. R. von Koenigswald
Denisova 8110[118][119]Denisovan2010Russia
Qafzeh 6[120]95±5[116]Homo sapiens1930IsraelR. Neuville, M. Stekelis
Qafzeh 9100–90[116]Homo sapiens[121][122]1933IsraelB. Vandermeersch
Scladina103±23[116]Homo neanderthalensis1993Belgium
Skhul 5100±20Homo sapiens1933IsraelT. McCown and H. Moivus Jr.
Skhul 9100±20Homo sapiensIsrael
Klasies River Caves[123]100±25Homo sapiens1960South AfricaRay Inskeep, Robin Singer, John Wymer, Hilary Deacon
Eve's footprints117Homo sapiens1995South AfricaDavid Roberts &Lee R. Berger
Liujiang man113.5±45.5Homo sapiens1958China
Denny[124][125][126]90Hybrid – (Homo neanderthalensis/Homo sapiens denisova)2012Denisova Cave /Siberia /RussiaViviane Slon &Svante PääboMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (Leipzig, Germany)
Panga ya Saidi[127]78.3±4.1Homo sapiens2021Kenya
Obi-Rakhmat 1[128]75[116]Homo neanderthalensis2003Uzbekistan
Teshik-Tash Skull[129]70Homo neanderthalensis1938UzbekistanA. Okladnikov
La Ferrassie 170Homo neanderthalensis1909FranceR. Capitan and D. Peyrony
Shanidar 170±10Homo neanderthalensis1961IraqRalph Solecki
Sambungmacan (Sm) 1-470- 40[130]Homo erectus1973-2001[130]IndonesiaConstruction and fossil collectors[130]
Callao Man
(CCH1)		66.7±1[111]Homo luzonensis2007Callao Cave,PhilippinesFlorent Détroit &Armand Mijares
La Quina 5[131]65Homo neanderthalensisFrance
La Chapelle-aux-Saints 160Homo neanderthalensis1908FranceA. and J. Bouyssonie and L. Bardon
Kebara 2 (Moshe)[132]60Homo neanderthalensis1983IsraelLynne Schepartz
Amud 7[133]55±5Homo neanderthalensisIsrael
LB 1 skeletonLB 1 (Hobbit)55±5Homo floresiensis2003Liang Bua,IndonesiaPeter Brown
Manot 155Homo sapiens2008Israel[134]
La Quina 18[citation needed]52.5±7.5[116]Homo neanderthalensisFrance
TPL2 mandibleTam Pa Ling Cave[135]54.5±8.5[135][136]Homo sapiens2009Laos

Upper Paleolithic: 50,000–11,500 years old

[edit]
Further information:Archaic humans,Anatomically modern humans,Archaic admixture,Recent human evolution, andEpipalaeolithic
Further information:European early modern humans § Assemblages and fossils
NameAge (ka)SpeciesDate
discovered		CountryDiscovered byNow located at
Mungo Man50±10Homo sapiens1974Australia
Mt. Circeo 1Mt. Circeo 1[137]50±10Homo neanderthalensis1939ItalyProf. Blanc
SID-00B49.2±2.5[138]Homo neanderthalensis1994Sidrón Cave,Spain
Simanya Neanderthals[139]49-42Homo neanderthalensis1978-1979, 2022Simanya cave, SpainMiguel AznarArchaeology Museum of Catalonia
Callao Man
(CCH6a–e)		49.6±1.2[111]Homo luzonensis2011–2015Callao Cave,PhilippinesFlorent Détroit &Armand Mijares
Tabontibia
(IV-2000-T-197)		47±11Homo sapiens2000Tabon Caves,PhilippinesNational Museum of Anthropology[140]
Ust'-Ishim man45Homo sapiens2008RussiaNikolai Peristov
Kents Cavern 4 maxilla43.5±2.5Homo sapiens1927UK
Zlatý kůň woman43Homo sapiens1950Czech Republic
Tianyuan man40.5±1.5Homo sapiens2007China
Amud 1[141]41[142]Homo neanderthalensis1961IsraelHisashi Suzuki
Neanderthal 1Neanderthal 1[143]40Homo neanderthalensis1856GermanyJohann Carl Fuhlrott
Denisova phalanx distalisDenisova hominin (X-Woman)40Homo sp. Altai2008RussiaJohannes Krause,et al.
Denisova toe bonehominin toe bone40Homo sp. Altai (possibleNeanderthal–Denisovan hybrid)2010Russia
Oase 2Oase 142–37[144]Homo sapiens (EEMH xNeanderthal hybrid)2002Romania
Kostenki-14 (Markina Gora)40–37[145]Homo sapiens (EEMH)1954Russia
SID-20[146]37.30±0.83[138]Homo neanderthalensis1994Sidrón Cave,Spain
Balangoda Man37Homo sapiens2012Sri Lanka
Hofmeyr Skull36Homo sapiens1952South Africa
Wadjak 1, aka Java ManWadjak 1[147]33±4.5[148]Homo sapiens (proto-Australoid[149])1888Indonesia
Red Lady of Paviland33Homo sapiens1823Wales,UKWilliam Buckland
Yamashita-Cho Man32Homo sapiens1962Japan
Engis 2Engis 240±10[116][150]Homo neanderthalensis1829BelgiumPhilippe-Charles Schmerling
Gibraltar 1Gibraltar 140±10[116]Homo neanderthalensis1848GibraltarCaptainEdmund Flint
Le Moustier 1Le Moustier40±10Homo neanderthalensis1909France
Denisova molarDenisovan tooth40±10Homo sp. Altai2000Russia
PES-238.9–92Uncertain, possiblyHomo neanderthalensisSerbia
PES-1[151]31–29Uncertain, possiblyHomo sapiensSerbia
Yana RHS31.63Homo sapiensRussia
Sungir I30.25±0.25Homo sapiensRussia
Cro-Magnon 1Cro-Magnon 130Homo sapiens (EEMH)1868FranceLouis Lartet
WLH-5029±5Homo sapiens1982Australia
Pangpond[152]29Homo sapiens2025Khao Sam Roi Yot, Thailand[153]
Replica of Predmosti 3Predmost 3[154]26Homo sapiens1894Czech RepublicKarel Jaroslav Maška
Lapedo Child24.5Homo neanderthalensis
or
Homo sapiens		1998PortugalJoão Zilhão
Mid-Upper Paleolithoic human humerus fromEel Point, Caldey Island, Wales, UK[155]24Homo sapiens1997Wales,UK
MA-1 (Mal'ta boy)24Homo sapiens (ANE)1920sRussia
Abri Pataud Woman20.6Homo sapiensFrance
Minatogawa 1. Replica at the Museum of Tokyo[156]Minatogawa 117±1Homo sapiens1970JapanAnthropology Museum, Tokyo University
Tandou[157][158]17Homo sapiens1967AustraliaDuncan Merrilees
Tabonskull cap
(P-XIII-T-288)		16.5±2Homo sapiens1962Tabon Caves,PhilippinesRobert B. FoxNational Museum of Anthropology[140]
Gough's Cave[159][160]14.7Homo sapiens2010UK
Iwo Eleru skull. Four viewsIwo Eleru skull13[161]Homo sapiens1965Nigeria
"Kotias"[162]13Homo sapiens (CHG)Kotias Klde cave, Georgia
Arlington Springs Man13[163]Homo sapiens1959United StatesPhil Orr
Chancelade find14.5±2.5[164]Homo sapiens1888France
Villabruna 114Homo sapiens (WHG)1988Italy
Bonn-Oberkassel double burial[165]14-13[165]Homo sapiens1914[166]Germany
Bichon man13.7Homo sapiens (WHG)1956Switzerland
Red Deer cave skull
Red Deer cave skull
Red Deer Cave13±1.5Homo sapiens1979ChinaDarren Curnoe?

Holocene (11,500–5,000 years old)

[edit]
Further information:Recent human evolution,Late Stone Age,Mesolithic, andNeolithic
NameAge (ka)Culture /
association		Year
discovered		Country
Luzia11.5[167]Paleo-Indian1975Brazil
[168]Cerro Sota 2[169]111936Chile
"Satsurblia"10Caucasian Epipaleolithic (CHG)[162]Georgia
Yaho skull[170]10?1961Chad
Kow Swamp 113–91968Australia
Talgai SkullTalgai Skull[171]10±11886Australia
La Brea Woman10 (8000 BC)Paleo-Indian1914United States
Combe Capelle9.6 (7600 BC)[172]European Mesolithic1909France
Asselar manBetween 9500 BP and 7000 BP, with caution, 6390 BP[173]Neolithic1927Mali
Cheddar Man9 (7000 BC)British Mesolithic1903United Kingdom
Kennewick Man9 (7000 BC)Archaic period (North America)1996United States
Barum Woman8.8 (6800 BC)European Mesolithic1939Sweden
Tepexpan man8±3Paleo-Indian1947Mexico
Loschbour man[174]8 (6000 BC)European Mesolithic (WHG)1935Luxembourg
Minnesota Woman7.9±0.1 (5900 BC)Paleo-Indian1931Minnesota, United States
Lothagam 4b (Lo 4b)[175]7.5±1.5[176]1965–1975Kenya
Bessé’[177]7.3–7.2Toalean2015Sulawesi, Indonesia
Ötzi5.3 (3230 BC)European Neolithic1991Ötztal Alps, Italy


Abbreviations used in fossil catalog name

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See also

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Further reading

[edit]

References

[edit]
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