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List of governors of Kentucky

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Thegovernor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky is thehead of government ofKentucky[1] and serves ascommander-in-chief of the state'smilitary forces.[2] The governor has a duty to enforce state laws;[3] the power to either approve orvetobills passed by theKentucky General Assembly;[4] the power to convene the legislature;[5] and the power to grantpardons, except in cases oftreason andimpeachment.[6] The governor is also empowered to reorganize the state government or reduce it in size. Historically, the office has been regarded as one of the most powerful executive positions in the United States.[7]

Fifty-nine individuals have held the office of governor. Prior to a 1992 amendment to thestate's constitution, the governor was prohibited from succeeding himself or herself in office, though four men (Isaac Shelby,John L. Helm,James B. McCreary andHappy Chandler) served multiple non-consecutive terms.Paul E. Patton, the first Kentucky governor eligible for a second consecutive term under the amendment, won his reelection bid in 1999.James Garrard succeeded himself in 1800, before the constitutional provision existed. Garrard is also the longest serving governor, serving for a total period of eight years and 90 days. In 2023DemocratAndy Beshear became the 3rd incumbent governor in Kentucky history to be reelected to a second consecutive term.

William Goebel, who was elected to the office in the disputedelection of 1899, remains the only governor of any U.S. state to die from assassination while in office.[8] Goebel is also the shortest serving governor, serving for a period of only three days.Martha Layne Collins, who held the office from 1983 to 1987, was the first woman to serve as governor and was only the third woman to serve as governor of any U.S. state who was not the wife or widow of a previous governor.[7] The 63rd and current Kentucky governor isDemocratAndy Beshear, who took office on December 10, 2019.

Governors

[edit]

Kentucky County, Virginia wasadmitted to the Union as Kentucky on June 1, 1792. There have been 59 governors, serving 63 distinct terms.

An unelected group proclaimed Kentucky's secession from theUnion on November 20, 1861, and it was annexed by theConfederate States of America on December 10, 1861. The Confederate government elected two governors, but it never held much control over the state.

The original 1792Kentucky Constitution had the governor chosen by anelectoral college for a term of four years, commencing on the first day of June.[9] The second constitution in 1799 changed this to a popular vote, prevented governors from succeeding themselves within seven years of their terms, and moved the start date to the fourth Tuesday after the election.[10] The third constitution in 1850 reduced the succession limitation to four years, and moved the start date of the term to the fifth Tuesday after the election.[11] A 1992 amendment allowed governors to have a second term before being prevented from succeeding themselves for four years.[12] Originally, should the office of governor be vacant, the speaker of the Senate would exercise the powers of the office;[13] in 1799, the office of lieutenant governor was created to fill this role,[14] and, as of 1992, is elected on the sameticket as the governor.[15]

Governors of the Commonwealth of Kentucky
No.[a]GovernorTerm in officePartyElectionLt. Governor[b][c]
1 Isaac Shelby
(1750–1826)
[18][19]		June 4, 1792[20]
–
June 1, 1796
(did not run)[18]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1792Office did not exist
2James Garrard
(1749–1822)
[22][23]		June 1, 1796[24]
–
September 5, 1804
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1796
1800 Alexander Scott Bullitt
3Christopher Greenup
(1750–1818)
[26][27]		September 5, 1804[21]
–
August 23, 1808
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1804John Caldwell
(died November 19, 1804)
Vacant
Thomas Posey
(acting, elected Speaker in 1805)
4Charles Scott
(1739–1813)
[28][29]		August 23, 1808[21]
–
August 24, 1812
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1808Gabriel Slaughter
5Isaac Shelby
(1750–1826)
[18][19]		August 24, 1812[21]
–
September 5, 1816
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1812Richard Hickman
6George Madison
(1763–1816)
[30][31]		September 5, 1816[e]
–
October 14, 1816
(died in office)		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1816Gabriel Slaughter
7Gabriel Slaughter
(1767–1830)
[33][34]		October 14, 1816[35]
–
September 7, 1820
(did not run)		Democratic-
Republican[21]		Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
8John Adair
(1757–1840)
[36][37]		September 7, 1820[f]
–
August 24, 1824
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1820William T. Barry
9Joseph Desha
(1768–1842)
[40][41]		August 24, 1824[42]
–
August 26, 1828
(term-limited)[d]		Democratic-
Republican[21]		1824Robert B. McAfee
10Thomas Metcalfe
(1780–1855)
[43][44]		August 26, 1828[45]
–
August 28, 1832
(term-limited)[d]		National
Republican[g]		1828John Breathitt[h]
11John Breathitt
(1786–1834)
[50][51]		August 28, 1832[21]
–
February 21, 1834
(died in office)		Democratic[52]1832James Turner Morehead[i]
12James Turner Morehead
(1797–1854)
[53][54]		February 21, 1834[55]
–
August 30, 1836
(did not run)[53]		National
Republican[j]		Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
13James Clark
(1779–1839)
[57][58]		August 30, 1836[59]
–
August 27, 1839
(died in office)		Whig[60]1836Charles A. Wickliffe
14Charles A. Wickliffe
(1788–1869)
[61][62]		August 27, 1839[63]
–
September 2, 1840
(did not run)		Whig[61]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
15Robert P. Letcher
(1788–1861)
[64][65]		September 2, 1840[66]
–
September 4, 1844
(term-limited)[d]		Whig[67]1840Manlius Valerius Thomson
16William Owsley
(1782–1862)
[68][69]		September 4, 1844[70]
–
September 6, 1848
(term-limited)[d]		Whig[71]1844Archibald Dixon
17John J. Crittenden
(1787–1863)
[72][73]		September 6, 1848[74]
–
July 30, 1850
(resigned)[k]		Whig[75]1848[l]John L. Helm
18John L. Helm
(1802–1867)
[76][77]		July 30, 1850[m]
–
September 2, 1851
(did not run)		Whig[76]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
19Lazarus W. Powell
(1812–1867)
[79][80]		September 2, 1851[81]
–
September 4, 1855
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[75]1851John Burton Thompson[o]
20Charles S. Morehead
(1802–1868)
[83][84]		September 4, 1855[85]
–
August 30, 1859
(term-limited)[n]		American[86]1855James Greene Hardy
21Beriah Magoffin
(1815–1885)
[87][88]		August 30, 1859[89]
–
August 18, 1862
(resigned)[p]		Democratic[90]1859Linn Boyd
(died December 17, 1859)
Vacant
22James Fisher Robinson
(1800–1882)
[91][92]		August 18, 1862[93]
–
September 1, 1863
(did not run)		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
23Thomas E. Bramlette
(1817–1875)
[94][95]		September 1, 1863[96]
–
September 3, 1867
(term-limited)[n]		Union
Democratic[94]		1863Richard Taylor Jacob
24John L. Helm
(1802–1867)
[76][77]		September 3, 1867[97]
–
September 8, 1867
(died in office)		Democratic[21]1867John W. Stevenson
25John W. Stevenson
(1812–1886)
[98][99]		September 8, 1867[100]
–
February 13, 1871
(resigned)[q]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
1868
(special)
26Preston Leslie
(1819–1907)
[101][102]		February 13, 1871[103]
–
August 31, 1875
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
president of
the Senate
1871John G. Carlisle
27James B. McCreary
(1838–1918)
[104][105]		August 31, 1875[106]
–
September 2, 1879
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1875John C. Underwood
28Luke P. Blackburn
(1816–1887)
[107][108]		September 2, 1879[109]
–
September 4, 1883
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1879James E. Cantrill
29J. Proctor Knott
(1830–1911)
[110][111]		September 4, 1883[112]
–
August 30, 1887
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1883James R. Hindman
30Simon Bolivar Buckner
(1823–1914)
[113][114]		August 30, 1887[115]
–
September 1, 1891
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1887James William Bryan
31John Y. Brown
(1835–1904)
[116][117]		September 1, 1891[118]
–
December 10, 1895
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1891Mitchell Cary Alford
32William O'Connell Bradley
(1847–1914)
[119][120]		December 10, 1895[121]
–
December 12, 1899
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1895William Jackson Worthington
33William S. Taylor
(1853–1928)
[122][123]		December 12, 1899[124]
–
January 31, 1900
(removed from office)[r]		Republican[21]1899[r]John Marshall
34William Goebel
(1856–1900)
[125][126]		January 31, 1900[127]
–
February 3, 1900
(died in office)[r]		Democratic[21]J. C. W. Beckham
35J. C. W. Beckham
(1869–1940)
[128][129]		February 3, 1900[130]
–
December 10, 1907
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor[r]		Vacant
1900
(special)
1903William P. Thorne
36Augustus E. Willson
(1846–1931)
[131][132]		December 10, 1907[133]
–
December 12, 1911
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1907William Hopkinson Cox
37James B. McCreary
(1838–1918)
[104][105]		December 12, 1911[134]
–
December 7, 1915
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1911Edward J. McDermott
38Augustus Owsley Stanley
(1867–1958)
[135][136]		December 7, 1915[137]
–
May 19, 1919
(resigned)[s]		Democratic[21]1915James D. Black
39James D. Black
(1849–1938)
[138][139]		May 19, 1919[140]
–
December 9, 1919
(lost election)		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
40Edwin P. Morrow
(1877–1935)
[141][142]		December 9, 1919[143]
–
December 11, 1923
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1919S. Thruston Ballard
41William J. Fields
(1874–1954)
[144][145]		December 11, 1923[146]
–
December 13, 1927
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1923Henry Denhardt
42Flem D. Sampson
(1875–1967)
[147][148]		December 13, 1927[149]
–
December 8, 1931
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1927James Breathitt Jr.[h]
43Ruby Laffoon
(1869–1941)
[150][151]		December 8, 1931[152]
–
December 10, 1935
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1931Happy Chandler
44Happy Chandler
(1898–1991)
[153][154]		December 10, 1935[155]
–
October 9, 1939
(resigned)[t]		Democratic[21]1935Keen Johnson
45Keen Johnson
(1896–1970)
[156][157]		October 9, 1939[158]
–
December 7, 1943
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
1939Rodes K. Myers
46Simeon Willis
(1879–1965)
[159][160]		December 7, 1943[161]
–
December 9, 1947
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1943Kenneth H. Tuggle
47Earle Clements
(1896–1985)
[162][163]		December 9, 1947[164]
–
November 27, 1950
(resigned)[u]		Democratic[21]1947Lawrence Wetherby
48Lawrence Wetherby
(1908–1994)
[165][166]		November 27, 1950[167]
–
December 13, 1955
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
1951Emerson Beauchamp
49Happy Chandler
(1898–1991)
[153][154]		December 13, 1955[168]
–
December 8, 1959
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1955Harry Lee Waterfield
50Bert Combs
(1911–1991)
[169][170]		December 8, 1959[171]
–
December 10, 1963
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1959Wilson W. Wyatt
51Ned Breathitt
(1924–2003)
[172][173]		December 10, 1963[174]
–
December 12, 1967
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]1963Harry Lee Waterfield
52Louie Nunn
(1924–2004)
[175][176]		December 12, 1967[177]
–
December 7, 1971
(term-limited)[n]		Republican[21]1967Wendell Ford[h]
53Wendell Ford
(1924–2015)
[178][179]		December 7, 1971[180]
–
December 28, 1974
(resigned)[v]		Democratic[21]1971Julian Carroll
54Julian Carroll
(1931–2023)
[181][182]		December 28, 1974[183]
–
December 11, 1979
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[21]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
1975Thelma Stovall
55John Y. Brown Jr.
(1933–2022)
[184]		December 11, 1979[185]
–
December 13, 1983
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[184]1979Martha Layne Collins
56Martha Layne Collins
(1936–2025)
[186]		December 13, 1983[187]
–
December 8, 1987
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[186]1983Steve Beshear
57Wallace Wilkinson
(1941–2002)
[188]		December 8, 1987[189]
–
December 10, 1991
(term-limited)[n]		Democratic[188]1987Brereton C. Jones
58Brereton C. Jones
(1939–2023)
[190]		December 10, 1991[191]
–
December 12, 1995
(term-limited)[w]		Democratic[190]1991Paul E. Patton
59Paul E. Patton
(b. 1937)
[193]		December 12, 1995[194]
–
December 9, 2003
(term-limited)[w]		Democratic[193]1995Steve Henry
1999
60Ernie Fletcher
(b. 1952)
[195]		December 9, 2003[196]
–
December 11, 2007
(lost election)		Republican[195]2003Steve Pence
61Steve Beshear
(b. 1944)
[197]		December 11, 2007[198]
–
December 8, 2015
(term-limited)[w]		Democratic[197]2007Daniel Mongiardo
2011Jerry Abramson
(resigned November 13, 2014)
Crit Luallen
62Matt Bevin
(b. 1967)
[199]		December 8, 2015[200]
–
December 10, 2019
(lost election)		Republican[199]2015Jenean Hampton
63Andy Beshear
(b. 1977)
[201]		December 10, 2019[202]
–
Incumbent[x]		Democratic[201]2019Jacqueline Coleman
2023

Confederate governors

[edit]
George W. Johnson, 1st Confederate Governor of Kentucky
Richard Hawes, 2nd Confederate Governor of Kentucky

During theCivil War, a group of secessionists met atRussellville to form aConfederate government for the Commonwealth of Kentucky. This government never successfully displaced the government inFrankfort, and Kentucky remained in the Union through the entire war. Two men were elected governor of the Confederate government:George W. Johnson, who served from November 20, 1861, to his death on April 8, 1862, at theBattle of Shiloh, and, on Johnson's death,Richard Hawes, who served until the Confederate surrender on April 9, 1865. The Confederate government disbanded shortly after the end of the war in 1865.[204]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^The state labels Matt Bevin as the 62nd governor;[16] based on this, subsequent terms of repeat governors are numbered.
  2. ^The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1799.[17]
  3. ^Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  4. ^abcdefghiUnder the 1799 constitution, governors were ineligible for seven years after the end of their term.[25]
  5. ^The constitutional start date would have been August 27;[21] however, contemporary news indicates Madison succeeded Shelby on September 5.[32]
  6. ^The constitutional start date would have been August 29;[21] however, what little contemporary reporting that has been found says he was inaugurated on September 7.[38][39]
  7. ^Kallenbach labels Metcalfe both as aWhig[46] and a National Republican;[47] Glashan labels him a National Republican;[48] and Dubin[49] and Sobel[43] describe him as a pro-Adams Administration candidate.
  8. ^abcRepresented theDemocratic Party
  9. ^Represented theNational Republican Party.
  10. ^Glashan labels Morehead a National Republican,[56] and Sobel notes he succeeded to governor as a Whig,[53] as the National Republicans had transitioned into the Whig Party in 1834.
  11. ^Crittenden resigned, having been confirmed asAttorney General of the United States.[72]
  12. ^The 1850 constitution shifted the election schedule forward, shortening this term by a year.
  13. ^Helm was sworn in on July 31, but contemporary sources say Crittenden resigned on July 30.[78]
  14. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabUnder the 1850 constitution, governors were ineligible for four years after the end of their term.[82]
  15. ^Represented theWhig Party.
  16. ^Magoffin resigned due to disagreement with the state legislature over neutrality in theAmerican Civil War.[87]
  17. ^Stevenson resigned, having beenelected to theUnited States Senate.[98]
  18. ^abcdTaylor won the 1899 election and was sworn into office. However, the legislature challenged the validity of his win, claiming ballot fraud. His challenger, Goebel, was shot on January 30, 1900, but was named governor by the legislature and sworn in the next day; he died three days later. Since Lieutenant Governor Marshall's win had also been invalidated, Beckham, having been named lieutenant governor, succeeded Goebel.[122][125]
  19. ^Stanley resigned, having beenelected to theUnited States Senate.[135]
  20. ^Chandler resigned so that his successor would appoint him to theUnited States Senate.[153]
  21. ^Clements resigned, having beenelected to theUnited States Senate.[162]
  22. ^Ford resigned, having beenelected to theUnited States Senate.[178]
  23. ^abcUnder a 1992 amendment to the constitution, governors are ineligible for four years after the end of their second consecutive elected term.[192]
  24. ^Beshear's second term began on December 12, 2023,[203] andwill expire on December 7, 2027; he will be term-limited.

References

[edit]
General
Constitution
Specific
  1. ^KY Const. § 69.
  2. ^KY Const. § 75.
  3. ^KY Const. § 81
  4. ^KY Const. § 88.
  5. ^KY Const. § 80.
  6. ^KY Const. § 77.
  7. ^abKleber, John E., ed. (1992). "Governor, Office of".The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky.ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
  8. ^Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). "Goebel Assassination".The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky.ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
  9. ^1799 Const. art. II, § 2–3
  10. ^1799 Const. art. III, § 3–5
  11. ^1850 Const. art. III, § 3–5
  12. ^KY Const. § 71
  13. ^1792 Const. art. III, § 16–18
  14. ^1799 Const. art. III, § 16–18
  15. ^KY Const. § 70
  16. ^"Governor Matt Bevin". Governor of Kentucky. RetrievedNovember 19, 2018.
  17. ^1799 Const. art. II, § 15
  18. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 507–508.
  19. ^ab"Isaac Shelby".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  20. ^"Carlisle, June 20".Aurora General Advertiser. June 30, 1792. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023.
  21. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauKallenbach 1977, pp. 205–208.
  22. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 508–509.
  23. ^"James Garrard".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  24. ^"Garrard inaugurated June 1 (Other sources make it clear "1st inst." refers to June, not July)".Lancaster Intelligencer. July 22, 1796. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023.
  25. ^"1799 Ky. Const. art. III, § 3".www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. RetrievedDecember 17, 2023.
  26. ^Sobel 1978, p. 509.
  27. ^"Christopher Greenup".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  28. ^Sobel 1978, p. 510.
  29. ^"Charles Scott".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  30. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 510–511.
  31. ^"George Madison".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  32. ^"Governor Madison".Kentucky Gazette. September 9, 1816. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023.
  33. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 511–512.
  34. ^"Gabriel Slaughter".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  35. ^"Oaths of the Governor".The Argus of Western America. September 3, 1828. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023.
  36. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 512–513.
  37. ^"John Adair".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  38. ^"none".The Evening Post. September 13, 1820. p. 2. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.Gen. John Adair, is elected Governor, and William F. Barry, Lieutenant Governor, of the state of Kentucky, and entered upon the duties of their office on the 7th inst.
  39. ^"Kentucky Election".Gettysburg Compiler. October 11, 1820. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023.
  40. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 513–514.
  41. ^"Joseph Desha".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  42. ^"Kentucky".The Charleston Daily Courier. September 17, 1824. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  43. ^abSobel 1978, p. 514.
  44. ^"Thomas Metcalfe".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  45. ^"The Inauguration".Anti-Jackson Bulletin and Messenger of Truth. August 30, 1828. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  46. ^Kallenbach 1977, p. 206.
  47. ^Kallenbach 1977, p. 209.
  48. ^Glashan 1979, p. 108.
  49. ^Dubin 2003, p. 1828.
  50. ^Sobel 1978, p. 515.
  51. ^"John Breathitt".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  52. ^Dubin 2003, p. 29.
  53. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 515–516.
  54. ^"James Turner Morehead".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  55. ^"Death of Gov. Breathitt".The Pittsburgh Gazette. March 5, 1834. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  56. ^Glashan 1979, p. 104.
  57. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 516–517.
  58. ^"James Clark".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  59. ^"Governor Clark".The Courier-Journal. September 3, 1836. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  60. ^Dubin 2003, p. 74.
  61. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 517–518.
  62. ^"Charles Anderson Wickliffe".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  63. ^"Death of the Governor of Kentucky".Kentucky Gazette. August 29, 1839. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  64. ^Sobel 1978, p. 518.
  65. ^"Robert Perkins Letcher".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  66. ^"New of the Week".The Native American. September 19, 1840. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 23, 2023.
  67. ^Dubin 2003, p. 75.
  68. ^Sobel 1978, p. 519.
  69. ^"William Owsley".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  70. ^"none".The Courier-Journal. September 7, 1844. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.The Hon. Wm. Owsley took the usual oath of office at Frankfort on Wednesday, and is now Governor of this State.
  71. ^Dubin 2003, p. 76.
  72. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 519–520.
  73. ^"John Jordan Crittenden".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  74. ^"Inauguration Day".The Louisville Daily Courier. September 9, 1848. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  75. ^abDubin 2003, p. 77.
  76. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 520–521.
  77. ^ab"John Larue Helm".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  78. ^"Resignation of Governor Crittenden".The Courier-Journal. July 31, 1850. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  79. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 521–522.
  80. ^"Lazarus Whitehead Powell".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  81. ^"Inauguration of the Governor and Lieut. Governor".The Courier-Journal. September 3, 1851. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  82. ^"1850 Ky. Const. art. III, § 3".www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. RetrievedDecember 17, 2023.
  83. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 522–523.
  84. ^"Charles Slaughter Morehead".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  85. ^"The Inauguration Ceremonies".The Louisville Daily Courier. September 6, 1855. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  86. ^Dubin 2003, p. 78.
  87. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 523–524.
  88. ^"Beriah Magoffin".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  89. ^"The Inauguration of Magoffin".The Louisville Daily Courier. August 31, 1859. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  90. ^Dubin 2003, p. 79.
  91. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 524–525.
  92. ^"James Fisher Robinson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  93. ^"Kentucky Legislature".The Courier-Journal. August 19, 1862. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  94. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 525–526.
  95. ^"Thomas Elliott Bramlette".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  96. ^"The Inauguration of Gov. Bramlette".Maysville Weekly Bulletin. September 3, 1863. p. 3. RetrievedSeptember 27, 2023.
  97. ^"Inauguration of Gov. Helm".The Owensboro Monitor. September 4, 1867. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  98. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 526–527.
  99. ^"John White Stevenson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  100. ^"The Death of Governor Helm".The Courier-Journal. September 9, 1867. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  101. ^Sobel 1978, p. 527.
  102. ^"Preston Hopkins Leslie".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  103. ^"Kentucky Legislature".Kentucky Advocate. February 17, 1871. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  104. ^abSobel 1978, p. 528.
  105. ^ab"James Bennett McCreary".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  106. ^"none".The Courier-Journal. September 1, 1875. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.The inauguration of Hon. James B. McCreary, Governor elect of Kentucky, at the capital yesterday...
  107. ^Sobel 1978, p. 529.
  108. ^"Luke Pryor Blackburn".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  109. ^"The Inauguration".Interior Journal. September 5, 1879. p. 2. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  110. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 529–530.
  111. ^"James Proctor Knott".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  112. ^"Kentucky's New Governor".Kentucky Advocate. September 7, 1883. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  113. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 530–531.
  114. ^"Simon Bolivar Buckner".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  115. ^"Gov. Buckner".The Courier-Journal. August 31, 1887. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  116. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 531–532.
  117. ^"John Young Brown Sr".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  118. ^"The New Rung In, the Old Rung Out at Frankfort".Lexington Herald-Leader. September 1, 1891. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  119. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 532–533.
  120. ^"William O. Bradley".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  121. ^"Gov. W. O. Bradley".Lexington Herald-Leader. December 10, 1895. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 26, 2023.
  122. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 533–534.
  123. ^"William Sylvester Taylor".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  124. ^"Wm. Sylvester Taylor, Governor of Kentucky".Lexington Herald-Leader. Associated Press. December 12, 1899. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  125. ^abSobel 1978, p. 534.
  126. ^"William Goebel".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  127. ^"Solemn Scene Was the Inauguration of William Goebel As Governor".The Courier-Journal. February 1, 1900. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  128. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 535–536.
  129. ^"John Crepps Wickliffe Beckham".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  130. ^"Beckham Sworn In".Lexington Herald-Leader. Associated Press. February 4, 1900. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  131. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 536–537.
  132. ^"Augustus Everett Willson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  133. ^"Willson Sworn In and Declares He Will Uphold Law".The Lexington Herald. December 11, 1907. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  134. ^"Second Oath As Governor".The Courier-Journal. December 13, 1911. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  135. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 537–538.
  136. ^"Augustus Owsley Stanley".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  137. ^Kaltenbacher, Will S. (December 8, 1915)."Stanley Dedicates Himself to State's Service Amid Cheers".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  138. ^Sobel 1978, p. 538.
  139. ^"James Dixon Black".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  140. ^"Black Becomes 41st Governor".The Courier-Journal. May 20, 1919. p. 3. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  141. ^Sobel 1978, p. 539.
  142. ^"Edwin Porch Morrow".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  143. ^Perry, Claud W. (December 10, 1919)."E. P. Morrow Is Sworn In As Governor".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  144. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 539–540.
  145. ^"William Jason Fields".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  146. ^Briney, Russell (December 12, 1923)."Fields Assumes Duties As Governor".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  147. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 540–541.
  148. ^"Flem Davis Sampson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  149. ^Michler, George (December 14, 1927)."10,000 Watch Ceremonies in Frankfort".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  150. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 541–542.
  151. ^"Ruby Laffoon".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  152. ^Hart, Joe (December 9, 1931)."Laffoon Says He Will Keep Platform Pledges; Takes Oath As Governor Before Throng".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  153. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 542–543.
  154. ^ab"Albert Benjamin Chandler".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  155. ^Henderson, J. Howard (December 11, 1935)."Chandler Sworn As Governor".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  156. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 543–544.
  157. ^"Keen Johnson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  158. ^"Chandler Resigns, Is Named Senator".The Lexington Herald. Associated Press. October 10, 1939. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  159. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 544–545.
  160. ^"Simeon Slavens Willis".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  161. ^Trout, Allan M. (December 8, 1943)."6,000 See Wills Inaugurated Governor Amid Fanfare".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  162. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 545–546.
  163. ^"Earle Chester Clements".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  164. ^Morris, Hugh (December 10, 1947)."Clements Asks Kentuckian's Unselfish Aid".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  165. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 546–547.
  166. ^"Lawrence Winchester Wetherby".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  167. ^Stiles, S. V. (November 28, 1950)."Wetherby Takes Oath As Governor, Pledges a Program of Advancement".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  168. ^Morris, Hugh (December 14, 1955)."Big Parade Delays Oath Rites".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  169. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 547–548.
  170. ^"Bert Thomas Combs".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  171. ^Morris, Hugh (December 9, 1959)."Ceremony Held Under Clear Skies".The Courier-Journal. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  172. ^Sobel 1978, p. 548.
  173. ^"Edward Thompson Breathitt".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  174. ^Patterson, Malcolm (December 11, 1963)."ETB, Waterfield Take Official Oath Just After Midnight".The Lexington Herald. p. 1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  175. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 549–550.
  176. ^"Louie Broady Nunn".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  177. ^Morris, Hugh (December 13, 1967)."Nunn and Ford Pledge Cooperation".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  178. ^abSobel 1978, p. 550.
  179. ^"Wendell Hampton Ford".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  180. ^Billiter, Bill (December 8, 1971)."Ford Pledges 'Service to the People'".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  181. ^Sobel 1978, p. 551.
  182. ^"Julian Morton Carroll".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  183. ^Wilson, Richard (December 29, 1974)."Julian Carroll Takes the Oath As Kentucky's 50th Governor".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  184. ^ab"John Y. Brown Jr".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  185. ^Johnson, Bob (December 12, 1979)."Brown Calls for Idealism As He Takes Oath of Office".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  186. ^ab"Martha Layne Collins".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  187. ^Johnson, Bob (December 14, 1983)."Gov. Collins Vows To Put Kentucky First".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  188. ^ab"Wallace G. Wilkinson".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  189. ^Johnson, Bob (December 9, 1987)."Wilkinson Promises Opportunity, Hope".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  190. ^ab"Brereton C. Jones".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  191. ^Wolfe, Charles (December 11, 1991)."Oath More Fun the Second Time".The Paducah Sun. Associated Press. p. 12A. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  192. ^"Ky. Const. § 71".www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. RetrievedDecember 17, 2023.
  193. ^ab"Paul E. Patton".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  194. ^Cross, Al (December 13, 1995)."No Retreat From School Reform, He Vows at Inaugural".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  195. ^ab"Ernie Fletcher".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  196. ^Loftus, Tom; Cross, Al (December 10, 2003)."Fletcher Vows a 'New Unity'".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  197. ^ab"Steven L. Beshear".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  198. ^Loftus, Tom; Gerth, Joseph (December 12, 2007)."Beshear Era Begins".The Courier-Journal. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  199. ^ab"Matt Bevin".National Governors Association. December 8, 2015. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  200. ^Gerth, Joseph (December 9, 2015)."Bevin Sworn In".The Courier-Journal. p. 1A. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  201. ^ab"Andy Beshear".National Governors Association. RetrievedMarch 1, 2023.
  202. ^Schreiner, Bruce (December 11, 2019)."New Governor Reorganizes State Board of Education".Messenger-Inquirer. Associated Press. p. A1. RetrievedAugust 27, 2023.
  203. ^Schreiner, Bruce (December 12, 2023)."Democratic Gov. Andy Beshear denounces politics of division at start of 2nd term in Kentucky".Associated Press. RetrievedJanuary 23, 2025.
  204. ^Kleber, John E., ed. (1992). "Confederate Government".The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky.ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.

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