Northern highbush blueberry A number of popular and commercially importantfood plants are native to theAmericas . Some areendemic , meaning they occur naturally only in the Americas and nowhere else, while others occur naturally both in the Americas and on other continents as well.
When complete, the list below will include all food plants native to the Americas (genera marked with a dagger† are endemic), regardless of when or where they were first used as a food source. For a list of food plants and other crops which were only introduced toOld World cultures as a result of theColumbian Exchange touched off by the arrival ofChristopher Columbus in 1492, seeNew World crops .[ 1]
Quinoa is native only to a relatively small region of theAndes mountains in South America A variety oftomato cultivars Cubanelle peppersApple guavas Allegheny Barberry Bearberry (Manzanita, Kinnikinnick) Black Chokeberry (often called Aronias, due to confusion with chokecherry) Deerberry Lingonberry Swamp dewberry (various species of Rubus, distinct from Raspberry, Blackberry, Salmonberry, Thimbleberry & Cloudberry)Several native species ofRibes , comprising Red Currants, Black Currants, Golden Currants and Gooseberries Hackberry Multiple edible species ofViburnum , including Highbush Cranberry (Trilobum), Blackhaw (Prunifolium), Nannyberry (Lentago), and Mooseberry (Edule) Various species in theProsartes line, usually called Fairybells. Mayapple Virginia Persimmon and Texas Persimmon Rosehips, or fruit of various wildRosa species. Sand Cherry Fruit of select species ofAralia , also usually known as Spikenards, such as Racemosa. Not all species have safely edible fruit. fruits of theGaultheria plants. Procumbens fruit is known as Teaberry, whereas Shallon is known as Salal and Hispidula is called Moxie Plum. Ogeechee Fruit . Most prized species of Tupelo for edibility, though all native Tupelo species have edible fruit. Gum Bully Olives , aka American Olives Beautyberry Buffaloberry MultipleSambucus species- particularly Canadensis and Cerulea . Red Elderberry species are not considered safely edible. Red Mulberry Honeyberry is the only known edible species of HoneysuckleCamas – several species ofCamassia , also known as Hyacinths. Cassava – also known as Manioc or Tapioca. Native to Amazon. Domesticated and cultivated in South America, Central America and Caribbean.Indian Potato – roots of two native species-Apios americana andApios priceana Jerusalem artichoke – specific species of sunflower with large, edible root.Lily Bulbs- several species inLilium family Oca – specific species of Oxalis, or Wood Sorrel with large edible root. Tobacco Root – (species of Velerian, not actual tobacco)Wapato – several species ofSagittaria Wild Onion – several native species, such as Ramps and Meadow Garlic Wild Sweet Potato – roots of several native species ofIpomoea , also known as Morning Glory Yampah – several plants in thePerideridia family. Leaves also used as spice. ^ Nunn, Nathan; Qian, Nancy (2010). "The Columbian Exchange: A History of Disease, Food, and Ideas".Journal of Economic Perspectives 24 (2):163– 188.CiteSeerX 10.1.1.232.9242 doi :10.1257/jep.24.2.163 .JSTOR 25703506 . ^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Zea mays" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Chenopodium quinoa" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Amaranthus cruentus" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ Moretzsohn, Márcio C.; Gouvea, Ediene G.; Inglis, Peter W.; Leal-Bertioli, Soraya C. M.; Valls, José F. M.; Bertioli, David J. (2013-01-01)."A study of the relationships of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and its most closely related wild species using intron sequences and microsatellite markers" .Annals of Botany .111 (1):113– 126.doi :10.1093/aob/mcs237 .ISSN 0305-7364 .PMC 3523650 PMID 23131301 . ^ "Scarlet Runner Bean, Phaseolus coccineus" .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Phaseolus vulgaris" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ Hijmans, RJ; Spooner, DM (2001). "Geographic distribution of wild potato species".American Journal of Botany 88 (11):2101– 12.doi :10.2307/3558435 .JSTOR 3558435 .PMID 21669641 . ^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Solanum lycopersicum" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "ASPT Monographs: Volume 84" . Archived fromthe original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Capsicum annum" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "tomatillo | Description, Plant, & Uses | Britannica" .www.britannica.com . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Ananas comosus" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Psidium guajava" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Passiflora edulis" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Carica papaya" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Annona cherimola" . Retrieved5 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Annona squamosa" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Annona muricata" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Asimina triloba" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Hylocereus undatus" . Retrieved7 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Stenocereus thurberi" . Retrieved7 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Vitis labrusca" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Vaccinium parvifolium" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Gaylussacia baccata" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Fragaria ananassa" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Vaccinium corymbosum" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Vaccinium macrocarpon" . Retrieved2 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Rubus odoratus" . Retrieved7 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Rubus ursinus" . Retrieved7 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Prunus americana" . Retrieved7 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Prunus serotina" . Retrieved9 January 2017 .^ "Prunus virginiana L. GRIN-Global" .npgsweb.ars-grin.gov . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "hawthorn | plant | Britannica" .www.britannica.com . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "Staghorn Sumac" .www.fs.fed.us . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "prickly pear | Description, Uses, & Species | Britannica" .www.britannica.com . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "Opuntia | Description, Distribution, & Species | Britannica" .www.britannica.com . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ Moretzsohn, Márcio C.; Gouvea, Ediene G.; Inglis, Peter W.; Leal-Bertioli, Soraya C. M.; Valls, José F. M.; Bertioli, David J. (2013-01-01)."A study of the relationships of cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and its most closely related wild species using intron sequences and microsatellite markers" .Annals of Botany .111 (1):113– 126.doi :10.1093/aob/mcs237 .ISSN 0305-7364 .PMC 3523650 PMID 23131301 . ^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Anacardium Occidentale" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Carya illinoinensis" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Juglans nigra" . Retrieved9 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Bertholletia excelsa" . Retrieved11 January 2017 .^ "butternut | Description, Tree, Nuts, & Facts" .Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Theobroma cacao" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Vanilla planifolia" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Pachyrhizus erosus" . Retrieved9 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Helianthus annuus" . Retrieved9 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Persea americana" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Agave americana" . Retrieved8 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Cucurbita pepo" . Retrieved3 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Sechium edule" . Retrieved11 January 2017 .^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy: Salvia hispanica" . Retrieved23 April 2017 .^ "Maple Syrup Industry | The Canadian Encyclopedia" .www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca . Retrieved2022-02-06 .^ tamarack72 (2018-01-26)."Native North American Honey Bees?" .Native Beeology . Retrieved2022-02-06 . {{cite web }}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )^ "Yaupon Holly: A North American Plant Source of Caffeine – American Botanical Council" .www.herbalgram.org . Retrieved2022-02-06 .
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