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List of Philippine flags

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Flags of the Philippines

This is alist of flags used in the Philippines.

National flag

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1998–presentNational flag of the PhilippinesA horizontal bicolor of equal bands of blue and red, with a white equilateralchevron spanning the width of the hoist. Within the chevron are three five-pointed stars (fixed on each of the vertices), and a sun with eight major rays (set in the center), all in yellow.

The Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines (Republic Act. 8491, s. 1998) specifies the colors for the blue field Cable No. 80173; the white field, Cable No. 80001; the red field, Cable No. 80108; and the golden-yellow Stars and Sun, Cable No. 80068. The colors were introduced in the same year that theCentennial celebrations were to take place.[1][2][3]

1998–presentNational flag of the Philippines (vertical)

Governmental flags

[edit]

Executive branch

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
2004–presentFlag of the president of the PhilippinesThecoat of arms of the president of the Philippines against a blue field. The number of stars correspond to the number of provinces.
2004–presentFlag of the vice president of the PhilippinesThecoat of arms of the vice president of the Philippines against a white field.

Legislative branch

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
2001–presentFlag of theSenateTheseal of the Senate against a red field.
2015–presentFlag of theHouse of RepresentativesTheseal of the House of Representatives against a yellow field.

Judicial branch

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1946Flag of theSupreme CourtThe seal of the Supreme Court against a purple field.
1978Flag of theSandiganbayanThe seal of the Sandiganbayan against a maroon field.
1946Flag of theCourt of AppealsThe seal of the Court of Appeals against an olive green field.
Flag of theCourt of Tax AppealsThe seal of the Court of Tax Appeals against a sky blue field.

Other government offices

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
Customs ensignNavy blue and white vertical bands with a white canton bearing a gold sea-lion bearing a sword.
Flag of theMetropolitan Manila Development AuthoritySeal of the MMDA on a white field.
Flag of theDPWH-ARMM /Ministry of Public Works ofBangsamoroSeal of the regional office/ministry on a sky blue field.

Executive departments

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1987Flag of theDepartment of HealthThe seal of the Department of Health against a yellow field.
1987Flag of theDepartment of Science and TechnologyThe logo of the Department of Science and Technology against a white field.
1986Flag of theDepartment of TourismA horizontaltriband of yellow (top and bottom) and white with the seal of the Department of Tourism centered on the white band.
1987Flag of theDepartment of FinanceThe seal of the Department of Finance against a violet field.
1987Flag of theDepartment of AgricultureThe logo of the Department of Agriculture with the department's name in both Tagalog and English inTimes New Roman against a white field.
2022Flag of theDepartment of Migrant WorkersThe coat of arms of the Philippines with the department's name inOld English Text against a white field.

Military flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1998–present (only during a state of war)State andwar flagThe national flag, hoisted with red and blue fields inverted, unique among the national flags.
Navalensign andjackEight-rayed golden sun and three stars of the national flag on an azure field.
2005–presentFlag of thePhilippine Armed ForcesCoat of arms of the Armed Forces of the Philippines on a triband field that consists the color: navy blue, dark blue, and army green that represents the three main branches of the Philippine Armed Forces.
2005–presentFlag of thePhilippine ArmySeal of the Philippine Army on a dark green field.
2002–presentFlag of thePhilippine NavySeal of the Philippine Navy on a dark blue field.
2005–presentFlag of thePhilippine Air ForceSeal of the Philippine Air Force on a blue field.
2004–presentFlag of thePhilippine Marine CorpsCoat of arms of the Philippine Marine Corps on a blue field, flanked by ribbons bearing the organization's name in English and motto in Tagalog.

Philippine Coast Guard flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1998–presentFlag of thePhilippine Coast GuardSeal of the Philippine Coast Guard on a dark blue field.

Civil flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1903–presentCoastwise Emblem of the PhilippinesWhite flag with a blue and red star on the horizontal median line.

Regional flags

[edit]

Among the country's 17 regions, only theBangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) has its own officially legislated regional flag. In the past, theAutonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) also had its own officially legislated regional flag. The purported flag of theCordillera Administrative Region — which has no elected regional government that could legally specify the details of the reported emblem — has not been attested.[4]

FlagDateUseDescription
1992–2019Regional flag of theAutonomous Region in Muslim MindanaoA horizontal tricolor of equal blue (top), white (middle) and red (bottom) stripes. Top stripe bears one yellow five-pointed star; the middle stripe, a green circle filled with yellow elements — a tilted crescent moon nearly enclosing four smaller five-pointed stars; the bottom stripe, a silverkris.[5] The number of smaller stars, meant to represent the number of the region's constituent provinces, hasde facto varied from four (1992–2001), to five (2001–2006), to six (2006–2008) to five again (2006–2019), but because the flag specifications contained within the 1992 law (Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 12) were not amended the original flag remained the onlyde jure official design.[6]
2019–presentRegional flag of theBangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim MindanaoA horizontal tricolor of equal green (top), white (middle) and red (bottom) stripes. Charge in the center of the middle stripe is a yellow crescent moon enclosing a seven-pointed star.[7]
1992–2019Regional flag of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (vertical)
2019–presentRegional flag of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (vertical)
1988–1995Purported flag of theCordillera Administrative RegionA horizontal bicolor of green (top) and yellow (bottom), centered upon which is a charge consisting of a Cordillera warrior shield bearing the CAR Regional Development Council (RDC) logo adopted in 1988, whenKalinga–Apayao was still a single province.[4]

Provincial flags

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Main article:Flags of the provinces of the Philippines

Municipal and city flags

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Main article:Flags of cities and municipalities in the Philippines

Like the flags of most Philippine provinces, flags of cities and municipalities usually just bear the seal of the municipality or city on a single or multi colored field, but there are some municipal or city flags that differ from the standard. All municipalities in the province ofCamarines Norte andAklan bear flags that differ from the standard.

FlagDateUseDescription
Municipal flag ofBalilihan,Bohol
Municipal flag ofGarcia Hernandez, Bohol
2003–presentMunicipal flag ofKalilangan,BukidnonBlue and green horizontal stripes with a white canton bearing a sun surrounded by 14 stars. Adopted on June 9, 2003 through Municipal Council Resolution No. 2003-315.[8]
Municipal flag ofMaribojoc,BoholStripe of green, white, and blue with a sun in the middle bearing the silhouette of a church
Municipal flag ofSan Mateo,RizalLight sky blue field with a white stripe on the center bearing an eight-pointed sun and a palm frond
Municipal flag ofBustos,Bulacan
1995–presentFlag ofCavite City
Flag ofMandaluyong

Political flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
Current
2012–presentFlag of theMaute Group,Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao andAnsar Khalifa Philippines
2008–presentFlag of theBangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters
2001–presentFlag of theMNLF Executive Council of 15
1996–presentFlag of theMoro National Liberation Front
1977–presentFlag of theMoro Islamic Liberation Front
1973–presentFlag of theNational Democratic Front of the Philippines
1995–presentFlag of theRevolutionary Workers' Party
Link to file1969–presentFlag of theNew People's Army

1968–presentFlags of theCommunist Party of the Philippines
Former


1986 and 1990Proposed flags of theFederal Republic of Mindanao

1986–2011Flags of theCordillera People's Liberation Army
1968–1969Flags of theMuslim Independence Movement
1942–1945Flag of theKALIBAPI
1942–1954Flag of theHukbalahap
1941–1945Flag of theWha-Chi
1936–1945Flag of thePhilippine FalangeFalange flag used in the Philippines

Flag proposals

[edit]
FlagDate proposedUseDescription
1901National flagMark Twain's satirical proposal.
1998, 2008Ninth ray for the flag's sun
2014Emmanuel L. Osorio's proposal. Addition of a ninth ray to represent the Muslim and indigenous people and a fourth star forSabah.

Historic areas

[edit]

Republics

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1898–1901Flag of theRepublic of Negros
1902–1906Flag of theTagalog Republic

Sultanates

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
c. 1515–1888Flag of theSultanate of MaguindanaoA plain yellow flag
18th centuryFlag of theSulu SultanateFlag of Sulu Sultanate according toPierre Sonnerat
Late 19th centuryFlag of theSulu Sultanate
?Flag of theSulu Sultanate (modern)

Provinces

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1845–1898Provincial ensign of the province ofManila
1886–1898Provincial ensign ofIloIlo

Historical flags

[edit]

National flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
The Spanish East Indies (1565–1898)
1565–1762, 1764–1821Flag used when the Philippine Islands were a part ofNew Spain.TheCross of Burgundy: a red saltire resembling two crossed, roughly-pruned branches, on a white field.
1762–1764Flag during theBritish occupation of the Philippines, as used in occupied Manila and Cavite.The flag of the BritishEast India Company before 1810: A flag with red and white stripes with theKingdom of Great Britain'sUnion Flag as a canton. The Union flag bears red cross on a white field, commonly calledSt George's Cross, superimposed on a white saltire on a blue field, known asSt Andrew's Cross. Also known as the "King's Colours".
1821–1873Used duringSpanish East Indies period.Three horizontal stripes of red, weld-yellow and red, the centre stripe being twice as wide as each red stripe with arms in the first third of theweld-yellow stripe. The arms are crowned and vertically divided, the left red field with a tower representingCastille, the right white field with a lion representingLeón.
1873–1874Used by the Spanish East Indies under theFirst Spanish Republic.Three horizontal stripes: red, weld-yellow and red, the yellow strip being twice as wide as each red stripe with arms in the first third of the yellow stripe. Royal crown removed from arms.
1874–1898Used duringSpanish East Indies after therestoration of the Spanish monarchy.The flag of the Kingdom of Spain used prior to the First Spanish Republic was reinstated.
Philippine Revolution – First Philippine Republic


1898–1901The flag design was conceived byPresidentEmilio Aguinaldo. The exact shade of blue is debated; many variants were used by subsequent governments.Sewn by Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad inHong Kong and first flown in battle on May 28, 1898. It was formally unfurled during theProclamation of Philippine Independence and the flag of theFirst Philippine Republic, on June 12, 1898 by President Aguinaldo. It contains amythical sun (with a face) similar to theSun of May in other former Spanish colonies; the triangle ofFreemasonry; the eight rays representing eight rebellious provinces of the Philippines first placed under martial law by the Governor-General. Some flags carry theSpanish texts:Fuerzas Expedicionarias del Norte de Luzon on its obverse andLibertad Justicia e Ygualdad on its reverse, which means "Northern Luzon Expeditionary Forces" and "Liberty, Justice, and Equality" respectively.
American and Commonwealth Period (1898–1946)
1898–1908Used while under direct administration from the United States of America.The Philippine Commission, passed Act No. 1697 or the Flag Law of 1907, which outlawed the display of the Philippine flag and replaced the country's flag to the stars and stripes of the United States of America. The same law prohibited the playing of the national anthem. Thirteen horizontal stripes of alternating red and white representing the originalThirteen Colonies; in the canton, white stars on a blue field, the number of stars increased as the United States expanded its territory.
1908–1912Variant afterOklahoma became astate
1912–1919Variant afterArizona andNew Mexico achieved statehood

1919–1936From October 30, 1919,[9] two flags were flown in the Philippines: the American flag and the flag conceived by Emilio Aguinaldo which was made the national flag of the Philippines with the repealing of Act No. 1697.[10]The American flag remained unchanged since 1919. For the Philippine flag, the design conceived by Emilio Aguinaldo remained but the shades of blue and red were adopted from the American flag. The sun's face was removed, but its stylized rays were retained. There existed many versions of the flag as no official design had been codified.
1936–1946Specifications standardized; Defined under Executive Order No. 23, s. 1936 which was signed on March 25, 1936. Thede facto shade of blue used wasCable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" by the Reference Guide of the Textile Color Card Association of the United States.[11] The triangle was made equilateral and the sun's rays were also further simplified, achieving its present form. Also used by theCommonwealth government-in-exile from 1942 to 1945.
Japanese Period (1942–1945)
1942–1943Used during theJapanese Occupation.TheJapanese flag as it appeared until 1999: a red sun-disc, shifted 1% left of centre, on a white field.
October 14, 1943Used during the inauguration of theSecond Republic.Emilio Aguinaldo's flag was hoisted upon proclamation of the Second Republic. However, the design as used by the Commonwealth remained.
Sovereignty (1946–present)
1946–1985Following independence, the 1936 design specifications standardized by PresidentManuel L. Quezon sported a shade of blue currently called National Flag Blue. Initially havingde facto standing, it was officially adopted in 1955. In 1985, the shade of blue was updated to Oriental Blue, this change would later be rescinded in favor of pre-1985 National Flag Blue.[12] In 1998, the flag gained its present definitive shade of blue currently called Royal Blue.Defined under Executive Order No. 23, s. 1936 dated March 25, 1936. The shade of blue used here is Cable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" by the Reference Guide of the Textile Color Card Association of the United States. The particular shade of blue hadde facto standing until January 24, 1955, when PresidentRamón Magsaysay upon the recommendation of the Philippine Heraldry Committee (PHC) officially adopted Cable No. 70077 or "National Flag Blue" as the official shade of blue to be used.[13][14]


1985–1986Executive Order No. 1010, s. 1985 was issued by PresidentFerdinand E. Marcos on February 25, 1985 instructing the National Historical Institute (NHI) "to restore the original color of the First Philippine Flag" amidst debate on the shade used in the original flag. The executive order declared that "the shade of the color blue was lighter than the present dark blue". The executive order did not specify a shade of blue to be adopted. Ade facto version of the flag which featured a light blue was used in April 1985 despite NHI not having announced its recommendation. The NHI in May 1985, adopted Cable No. 80176 or "Oriental Blue" for the new national flag.[15]
1986–19981936 version of the flag restored after the 1986People Power Revolution. President Corazon C. Aquino restored the pre-1985 National Flag Blue specifications of the flag through Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987 which was signed on July 25, 1987.[16]
1936–1985, 1986–1998 (only during a state of war)State andwar flagThe national flag, hoisted with red and blue fields inverted, unique among the national flags.

Governmental flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
Executive branch
1935–1946Flag of the president of the PhilippinesThe coat of arms of thePhilippine Commonwealth against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1946–1947The coat of arms of the Philippines against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1947–1951The presidential arms (minus the circle of stars) against a blue field with four golden stars on each corner.
1951–1979The 1948 design, with the four golden stars replaced by a ring of golden stars. The number of stars theoretically changed as the number of provinces changed.[17]
1980–1986The flag's shade became a lighter blue, and the red triangle was inverted. The sea-lion was replaced by a golden eagle, bearing three branches and arrows, and the ring of stars were changed to white.
1986–2004The coat of arms of the president of the Philippines with white as the color of the stars against a light blue field.
1986–2004Flag of the vice president of the PhilippinesThe former vice presidential seal against a white field.
1981–1986Flag of theprime minister of the PhilippinesThe seal of the prime minister against a yellow field.

Revolutionary flags

[edit]
FlagDateUseDescription
1762–1763Flag of thePalaris Revolt"...it was two "varas" long and a trifle more narrow; at each corner it had a two-headed eagle, and in the center an escutcheon with its border, and within it the Arms of the Dominican Order..."[18]

1807Flags of theBasi Revolt
1872Flag of theCavite Mutiny
1898Flag of theNegros RevolutionBanner used by Negrense revolutionaries during their revolution

See also

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Notes

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References

[edit]
  1. ^"Republic Act No. 8491". Government of the Philippines. February 12, 1998. (archived fromthe originalArchived December 5, 2007, at theWayback Machine on December 5, 2007).
  2. ^"The Philippine National Flag"(PDF).Monuments and Heraldry division, National Historical institute. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on January 27, 2012.
  3. ^"Flag of the Philippines". Encyclopedia Britannica. RetrievedFebruary 19, 2021.
  4. ^ab"CAR flag discussion".Philippine Vexillological Association. June 10, 2017. RetrievedDecember 18, 2019.
  5. ^"Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 12 – An Act adopting an official regional emblem for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao and appropriating funds thereof"(PDF).ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly. July 16, 1992. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on September 8, 2016. RetrievedNovember 14, 2017.
  6. ^Villapando, J.A. (November 15, 2017)."Flag of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao".Philippine Vexillological Association. RetrievedNovember 16, 2017.
  7. ^Kar, Nilay (August 24, 2019)."Philippines: Official flag of Bangsamoro adopted". Anadolu Agency. RetrievedAugust 24, 2019.
  8. ^"Municipality of Kalilangan Socie-Economic Profile 2010". Municipality of Kalilangan, Bukidnon. RetrievedJune 4, 2018.
  9. ^"Today in History". Presidential Museum and Library. October 30, 2013. Archived fromthe original on May 10, 2016. RetrievedJune 12, 2016.
  10. ^"Act No. 1696, s. 1907".Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Supreme Court Library. August 23, 1907. RetrievedJune 12, 2016.
  11. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedAugust 14, 2021.
  12. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedJune 3, 2021.
  13. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."Construction Sheet: Philippine Republic Flag". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedAugust 14, 2021.
  14. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedAugust 14, 2021.
  15. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedAugust 14, 2021.
  16. ^Agbayani, Eufemio III (May 29, 2021)."1985: A Year of Three Shades of Blue". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. RetrievedAugust 14, 2021.
  17. ^"Philippines: President and Vice President".www.crwflags.com.
  18. ^"Watawat: Flags and Seals of the Pearl of the Orient seas". Pablo Paddeu. RetrievedJune 10, 2020.
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