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List of fascist movements by country N–T

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms offascist ideology, part of thelist of fascist movements by country.

Fascist movements, sorted by country

[edit]

OverviewA-FG-MN-TU-Z

LogoName of movementCountry of predominant operationCame to power?Founded post-World War II?Active?General influenceFlagNotes
Dutch People's UnionNetherlandsNoYes (1971)YesNeo-Nazism
WolvenradNetherlandsNoYes (2020)YesNeo-Nazism
General Dutch Fascist LeagueNetherlandsNoNo (1932)NoNazism
National Socialist Movement in the NetherlandsNetherlandsYesNo (1931)NoNazismOriginated in 1931 as a fascist movement, converted toantisemitism andnational-socialism in 1936-1937, never gained more than 8% of the Dutch voters
National Socialist Dutch Workers PartyNetherlandsNoNo (1931)NoNazismBroke away from NSB
General Dutch Fascist LeagueNetherlandsNoNo (1932)NoItalian Fascism
Black FrontNetherlandsNoNo (1934)NoClerical fascism
National Socialist Party of New ZealandNew ZealandNoYes (1969)NoNazism
New Zealand National FrontNew ZealandNoYes (1968)YesNeo-NazismSplinter group oftheLeague of Empire Loyalists, not a fascist organization
Unit 88New ZealandNoYesNoNeo-Nazism
Nasjonal Samling (NS)NorwayYesNo (1933)NoNazismFounded and led byVidkun Quisling. Formed Germanpuppet government in Norway. Banned 1945.
National Socialist Movement of NorwayNorwayNoYes (1988)YesNeo-Nazism
Norwegian Front (NF)NorwayNoYes (1975)NoNeo-fascism[1][2]
Norwegian Germanic ArmyNorwayNoYesNoNeo-Nazism
VigridNorwayNoYes (1999)YesNeo-Nazism
Brit HaBirionimPalestine (British Mandate of Palestine)NoNo (1930)NoItalian FascismFounded by ofDr. Abba Ahimeir,Uri Zvi Greenberg andDr. Joshua Yeivin.
Accion ComunalPanamaYesNoPanameñismFounded by Dr.Arnulfo Arias
Falange PeruPeruNoYes?Falangismofficial site
Revolutionary UnionPeruYesNo (1931)NoIndependentFounded by Peruvian PresidentLuis Miguel Sánchez Cerro
GanapPhilippinesYes (as part ofKALIBAPI)No (1941)NoFar-right nationalism, fascismCollaboratonist movement deriving fromSakdalista party
KALIBAPIPhilippinesyesNo (1942)NoFascism[3][4][5][6]Collaborationist movement
MakapiliPhilippinesYes (as part of KALIBAPI)No (1941)NoFar-right nationalism, fascismExtreme nationalist, collaborationist movement, Anti-American party.
Philippine FalangePhilippinesNoNo (late 1930s)NoFalangismBranch of theSpanish Falange. Leadership positions held by influential Spanish businessmen.
Camp of Great Poland (OWP)PolandNoNo (1925)NoFar-right nationalismFounded and led byRoman Dmowski. Banned 1933
National Radical Camp (1934) (ONR)PolandNoNo (1934)NoFar-right nationalismSplinter group of theNational Party (SN), led byJan Mosdorf. Banned soon after its establishment, in 1934. Splintered into ONR-ABC andRNR-Falanga.
National Radical Camp-ABC (ONR-ABC)PolandNoNo (1935)NoNational radicalism, far-right nationalismBreakaway movement led byHenryk Rossman. During World War II ONR-ABC was transformed into a resistance movement called the"Rampart" Group.
National Radical Movement-Falanga (RNR-Falanga)PolandNoNo (1935)NoNational radicalism, far-right nationalismBreakaway movement led byBolesław Piasecki. Commonly known as the ONR-Falanga. During World War II RNR-Falanga was transformed into a resistance movement called theConfederation of the Nation (KN).
Party of National Socialists (Poland) (PNS)PolandNoNo (1933)NoNational socialism (non-Nazi, anti-German)pl:Narodowy socjalizm (znaczenie ogólne),[7][8] Polish nationalism, Pan-Slavism[7]Splinter group of TheNational Labour Party (NSP).
National Radical Camp (ONR)PolandNoYes (1993)YesFar-right nationalismNationalist movement based on the tradition of a pre-war group of the same name.
National Rebirth of Poland (NOP)PolandNoYes (1981)YesFar-right nationalism,third positionLed byAdam Gmurczyk. Party refers to the pre-war Polish national radical movements.
National Socialist Workers' Party (Poland) (NSPR)PolandNoNo (1933)NoNational socialism (non-Nazi, anti-German)pl:Narodowy socjalizm (znaczenie ogólne),[7][8] Polish nationalism
Young German Party in Poland (JDP)PolandNoNo (1931)NoNazismParty of theGerman minority. Ceased activity after the German invasion of Poland in 1939.
German People's Union in PolandPolandNoNo (1924)NoNazismParty of theGerman minority. Ceased activity after the German invasion of Poland in 1939.
German Union for Western Poland (DV)PolandNoNo (1934)NoNazismParty of theGerman minority. Ceased activity after the German invasion of Poland in 1939.
National Action MovementPortugalNoYes (1986)NoNazismInactive 1992
National SyndicalistsPortugalNoNoNoindependentBanned by the Estado Novo
National UnionPortugalYesNo (1932)?Estado Novo/Clerical Fascism
New Social OrderPortugalNoYes (2014)NoLusitanian Integralism
Ordem Nova ("New Order")PortugalNoYes (1978)NoNazismInactive 1982
Crusade of RomanianismRomaniaNoNoNoRomanian fascismInitially called the White Eagles
Iron GuardRomaniaYesNo (1927)NoRomanian fascismBreakaway group fromNational-Christian Defense League; members were called "Green Shirts" because of their green uniforms[citation needed]
National-Christian Defense LeagueRomaniaNoNo (1923)NoRomanian fascismIron Guard was a breakaway group from this movement
National Christian PartyRomaniaYesNo (1935)NoRomanianclerical fascism
National Fascist MovementRomaniaNoNo (1923)NoItalian Fascism/independentUnion of NIRFM and NRF
National Italo-Rumanian Fascist MovementRomaniaNoNo (1921)NoItalian FascismLed byElena Bacaloglu
National Romanian FascioRomaniaNoNo (1921)NoIndependentLed byTitus Vifor
National Socialist PartyRomaniaNoNo (1932)NoNazism
New RightRomaniaNoYesYesNeofascism
Romanian FrontRomaniaNoNo (1935)NoRomanian fascismSplinter group ofNational Peasants' Party led byAlexandru Vaida-Voevod
Ethnic National UnionRussiaNoYes (2018)YesNeo-Nazism
Front of National Revolutionary ActionRussiaNoYes (1991)NoNeo-Nazism

Northern Alliance PartyRussiaNoYes (1999)NoNeo-Nazism
Neo-nazis taking inspiration from collaborationist movements fromWorld War II.
Northern BrotherhoodRussiaNoYes (2006)NoNeo-Nazism
PamyatRussiaNoYesNoMonarchist restoration,ultra-nationalismSplintered into Russian National Union and National Unity of Russia
National Bolshevik PartyRussiaNoYes (1993)NoNational Bolshevism
The Other Russia of E. V. LimonovRussiaNoYes (2010)YesNational Bolshevism
Russian National Socialist Party (formerlyRussian National Union)RussiaNoYes (1992)NoNeo-NazismLed byKonstantin Kassimovsky; became Russian National Socialist Party in 1998; splinter of Pamyat in 1992

Russian National UnityRussiaNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
Slavic UnionRussiaNoYes (1999)YesNeo-Nazism
Pan-Slavism
Banned in 2010
National Socialist Russian Workers' PartyRussiaNoYes (1994)NoNeo-Nazism,Anti-turkism
Block FACTRussiaNoYes (2010)NoAnti-Communism
National Socialist SocietyRussiaNoYes (2004)YesNeo-Nazism
Army for the Liberation of RwandaRwandaNoYes (1997)NoHutu Power[9][10][11]Rebel group active in the eastern regions of theDemocratic Republic of the Congo.
Coalition for the Defence of the RepublicRwandaNoYes (1992)NoHutu Power
Democratic Forces for the Liberation of RwandaRwandaNoYes (2000)NoHutu PowerRebel group active in the eastern regions of theDemocratic Republic of the Congo.
InterahamweRwandaNoYes (1990)YesHutu Power
National Republican Movement for Democracy and DevelopmentRwandaYesYes (1975)NoHutu Power
Sammarinese Fascist PartySan MarinoYesNo (1922)NoItalian FascismCollapsed in 1943, refounded asRepublican Fascio of San Marino in January 1944 and subsequently banned in November
Serbian Volunteer Corps (World War II)Yugoslavia (Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia)NoNoNoFascism
Yugoslav National MovementYugoslaviaNoNoNoFascism
Leviathan MovementSerbiaNoYes (2015)NoNeo-fascism
Nacionalni strojSerbiaNoYesYesNeo-NazismNeo-Nazi skinheads
Otačastveni pokret ObrazSerbiaNoYesYesClerical fascism
Serbian ActionSerbiaNoYes (2010)YesUltranationalism

Neo-fascism



Slovak TogethernessSlovakiaNoYesYesNeo-NazismBanned in 2006
Slovak People's PartySlovakia,Czechoslovakia,Austria-HungaryYesNo (1906)NoClerical fascismFormed Germanpuppet government in Slovakia
People's Party Our SlovakiaSlovakiaNoYesYesFascism, Neo-Nazism
Afrikaner StudentebondSouth AfricaNoYes?Nazism
Afrikaner WeerstandsbewegingSouth AfricaNoYes (1973)YesNeo-Nazism
Blanke BevrydingsbewegingSouth AfricaNoYes (1985)NoNeo-Nazism
Boerestaat PartySouth AfricaNoYes?ApartheidParamilitary group, theBoere Weerstandsbeweging
Herstigte Nasionale PartySouth AfricaNoYesYesApartheid,Anti-Volkstaat
National PartySouth AfricaYesNo (1914)NoApartheid
OssewabrandwagSouth AfricaNoNo (1939)NoApartheid
South African Christian National Socialist MovementSouth AfricaNoNoNazismParamilitary group was theGryshemde, “Grayshirts”
South African National FrontSouth AfricaNoYes (1977)NoNeo-fascism
Autonomous BasesSpainNoYes?Neo-Nazism/National Anarchism
Spanish Circle of Friends of EuropeSpainNoYes (1966)NoNeo-NazismDisbanded 1993
España 2000SpainNoYes (2002)YesPatriotic,Neo-Nazi
FE y de las JONSSpainNoNo (1934)NoFalangism
FET y de las JONSSpainYesNo (1937)NoFalangism, Francoism
FE y de las JONS (1976)SpainNoYes (1976)YesFalangism
The PhalanxSpainNoYes (1999)YesFalangism
National AllianceSpainNoYes (2006)YesNeo-Nazism
National DemocracySpainNoYes (1995)YesNeo-Nazism
Bodu Bala SenaSri LankaNoYesYesEthno-fascism
Archdiocese of the Goths and the NorthlandsSwedenNoYes (2008)YesNeo-Nazism
Clerical People's PartySwedenNoNo (1930)NoClerical fascism
National Socialist Workers' PartySwedenNoNo (1933)NoNazismBecameSwedish Socialist Coalition (Swedish:Svensk Socialistisk Samling) in 1938
National Socialist BlocSwedenNoNo (1933)NoNazismFormed from the merger of Nationalsocialistiska Samlingspartiet and Nationalsocialistiska Förbundet and, later, Nationalsocialistisk Samling
Nordic Realm PartySwedenNoYes (1956)NoNeo-Nazism
Swedish National Socialist Farmers' and Workers' PartySwedenNoNo (1924)NoNazism, AgrarianismMerged with the Swedish National Socialist Party
Swedish National Socialist PartySwedenNoNo (1936)NoNazism
White Aryan ResistanceSwedenNoYes (1991)NoNeo-NazismParamilitary group active between 1991 and 1993.
National AllianceSwedenNoYes (1993)NoNeo-NazismFounded asYoung National Socialists of Stockholm (Swedish:Stockholms Unga Nationalsocialister (SUNS)) in 1993. Became the National Alliance in 1996.
National Socialist FrontSwedenNoYes (1994)NoNeo-Nazism
Disbanded in 2008
Swedish Resistance MovementSwedenNoYes (1995)YesNeo-NazismMilitant organization.
National YouthSwedenNoYes (1997)YesNeo-NazismYouth organisation of theSwedish Resistance Movement
Legion WasaSwedenNoYes (1999)NoNeo-NazismMilitant organization
Party of the SwedesSwedenNoYes (2008)NoEthnic nationalist, Swedish nationalist, Neo-NazismSuccessor of National Socialist Front, first founded under the namePeople's Front (Swedish:Folkfronten). Disbanded in 2015.
Eidgenössische SammlungSwitzerlandNoNo (1940)NoNazismSuccessor movement to the National Front
National FrontSwitzerlandNoNo (1930)NoNazism/independent
National Movement of SwitzerlandSwitzerlandNoNo (1940)NoNazism
National UnionSwitzerlandNoNo (1932)NoNazism/independentFrancophone group
Swiss Nationalist PartySwitzerlandNoYes (2000)NoVölkism, Neo-Nazism
Volkspartei der SchweizSwitzerlandNoYes (1951)NoNeo-NazismLed byGaston-Armand Amaudruz
League of Nationalist ActionSyriaNoNo (1932)NoFascismWas founded in 1932 in Syria.
Syrian Social Nationalist PartySyria, LebanonNoNo (1932)YesFascism[12][13][14][15][16][17][18]Advocates the establishment of aGreater Syrian national state, including presentSyria,Lebanon, theHatay Province ofTurkey,Israel, thePalestinian territories, theSinai Peninsula ofEgypt,Cyprus,Jordan,Iraq, andKuwait.
National Socialism AssociationTaiwanNoYes (2007)YesHan ultranationalism

Neo-Nazism

Grey WolvesTurkeyNoYes (1968)NoIndependentTerrorist organization
Republican Villagers Nation PartyTurkeyYes (as part of coalition governments: 1962, 1965)Yes (1958)NoFar-right nationalism, neo-fascism,third positionPrecursor of theNationalist Movement Party.
National Activity and Vigorous DevelopmentTurkeyNoYes (1969)NoNeo-NazismA National Socialist group existed in 1969 inİzmir, when a group of formerCKMP members (precursor party of theMHP) founded the association "Nasyonal Aktivite ve Zinde İnkişaf" (NAZİ). The club maintained two combat units. The members wore SA uniforms and used the Hitler salute. One of the leaders (Gündüz Kapancıoğlu) was re-admitted to the MHP in 1975.[19]
Nationalist Movement PartyTurkeyYes (as part of coalition governments: 1975, 1977, 1999)Yes (1969)YesFar-right nationalism, neo-fascism[20][21][22]Described as a neo-fascist party linked to extremist and violent militias:Grey Wolves.

OverviewA-FG-MN-TU-Z

References

[edit]
  1. ^Szajkowski, Bogdan (2004).Revolutionary and Dissident Movements of the World. John Harper Pub. p. 363.ISBN 9780954381127.
  2. ^Ó Maoláin, Ciarán (1987).The radical right: a world directory. Longman. p. 215.ISBN 9780874365146.
  3. ^Peter de Mendelssohn,Japan's Political Welfare, Taylor & Francis US, 2010, p. 121
  4. ^David Bernstein,The Philippine Story, READ BOOKS, 2007, p. 163
  5. ^Felixberto G. Bustos,And Now Comes Roxas: The Story of the First President of the Republic of the Philippines and the Occupation, C. Z. Bustos, 1945, p. 187
  6. ^Augusto V. de Viana,Kulaboretor!: The Issue of Political Collaboration During World War II, University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, 2003, p. 46
  7. ^abcRadzikowski, Michał (2013-09-25)."Michał Radzikowski: Narodowy socjalizm w Polsce międzywojennej".Nacjonalista.pl. Retrieved2024-10-09.
  8. ^abMeller, Arkadiusz (2011-12-15)."Wywiad z redaktorem "Polskiej Karty" - jedynego portalu nawiązującego do tradycji polskich przedwojennych narodowych-socjalistów".Konserwatyzm.pl. Retrieved2024-10-09.
  9. ^Christian P. Scherrer, Institute for Research on Ethnicity and Conflict Resolution.Ongoing crisis in Central Africa: revolution in Congo and disorder in the Great Lakes region: conflict impact assessment and policy options. Institute for Research on Ethnicity and Conflict Resolution, 1998. Pp. 83.
  10. ^Front Cover Dina Temple-Raston.Justice on the Grass: Three Rwandan Journalists, Their Trial for War Crimes and a Nation's Quest for Redemption. Simon and Schuster, 2005. Pp. 170.
  11. ^Raymond Verdier, Emmanuel Decaux, Jean-Pierre Chrétien (editors). "Situation judiciare au Rwanda" by Alphonse Marie Nkubito, Rwanda, un génocide du XXe siècle. Editions L'Harmattan, 1995. Pp. 223.
  12. ^Simon, Reeva S. (1996).Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East. Macmillan Reference USA.ISBN 0-02-896011-4.The Syrian Social Nationalist party (SSNP) was the brainchild of Antun Sa'ada, a Greek Orthodox Lebanese who was inspired by Nazi and fascist ideologies.
  13. ^Ya’ari, Ehud (June 1987)."Behind the Terror".Atlantic Monthly.[The SSNP] greet their leaders with a Hitlerian salute; sing their Arabic anthem, "Greetings to You, Syria," to the strains of "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles"; and throng to the symbol of the red hurricane, a swastika in circular motion.
  14. ^Pipes, Daniel (1992).Greater Syria. Oxford University Press.ISBN 0-19-506022-9.The SSNP flag, which features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), points to the party's fascistic origins.
  15. ^Rolland, John C. (2003).Lebanon. Nova Publishers.ISBN 1-59033-871-5.[The SSNP's] red hurricane symbol was modeled after the Nazi swastika.
  16. ^Johnson, Michael (2001).All Honourable Men. I.B.Tauris.ISBN 1-86064-715-4.Saadeh, the party's 'leader for life', was an admirer of Adolf Hitler and influenced by Nazi and fascist ideology. This went beyond adopting a reversed swastika as the party's symbol and singing the party's anthem toDeutschland über alles, and included developing the cult of a leader, advocating totalitarian government, and glorifying an ancient pre-Christian past and the organic whole of the Syrian Volk or nation.
  17. ^Becker, Jillian (1984).The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization. Weidenfeld and Nicolson.ISBN 0-297-78547-8.[The SSNP] had been founded in 1932 as a youth movement, deliberately modeled on Hitler's Nazi Party. For its symbol it invented a curved swastika, called the Zawbah.
  18. ^Yamak, Labib Zuwiyya (1966).The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: An Ideological Analysis. Harvard University Press.ISBN 9780674862364.
  19. ^Jürgen Roth and Kamil Taylan:Die Türkei – Republik unter Wölfen. Bornheim-Merten, p. 119.
  20. ^Sullivan, Colleen (2011). "Grey Wolves". InMartin, Gus (ed.).The SAGE Encyclopedia of Terrorism (2nd ed.).SAGE Publications. pp. 236–7.
  21. ^Karasapan, Omer (1989). "Turkey and US Strategy in the Age of Glasnost".Middle East Report.17 (160):587–606.doi:10.2307/3013440.JSTOR 260523.The US also established contacts with the neofascist Nationalist Movement Party and its militants, the Grey Wolves.
  22. ^Aslan, Fikret; Bozay, Kemal, eds. (2012).Graue Wölfe heulen wieder: Türkische Faschisten und ihre Vernetzung in Deutschland [Grey wolves howl again: Turkish fascists and their networks in Germany] (in German) (3rd. ed.). Unrast Verlag.ISBN 978-3-89771-035-1.
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