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List of fascist movements by country G–M

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A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms offascist ideology, part of thelist of fascist movements by country.

Fascist movements, sorted by country

[edit]

OverviewA-FG-MN-TU-Z

LogoName of movementCountry of predominant operationCame to power?Founded post-World War II?Active?General influenceFlagNotes
Action Front of National Socialists/National ActivistsGermanyNoYes (1977)NoNazism
Banned in 1983
ArtgemeinschaftGermanyNoYes (1951)NoEsoteric NazismBanned in 2023
Black FrontGermanyNoNo (1930)NoStrasserismBanned in 1933
Deutsche Heidnische FrontGermanyNoYes (1998)NoNeo-Nazism
German Reich PartyGermanyNoYes (1950)NoNeo-Nazism
Free German Workers' Party[1]GermanyNoYes (1977)NoNeo-Nazism/Strasserism
Split in the late 1980s; banned 1995
German AlternativeGermanyNoYes (1989)NoNeo-Nazism
German Social UnionGermanyNoYes (1956)NoStrasserism
German Workers' PartyGermanyNoNo (1919)NoVölkismSucceeded by theNational Socialist German Workers' Party
Military-sports-group HoffmannGermanyNoYes (1973)NoNeo-NazismFascist terrorist gang
National Socialist German Workers' PartyGermanyYesNo (1920)NoNazismSucceeded by theSocialist Reich Party (de facto)
Nationalist Front[2]GermanyNoYes (1985)NoStrasserismBanned in 1992.
National OffensiveGermanyNoYes (1990)NoNeo-NazismBanned in 1992.
National Democratic Party of GermanyGermanyNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
The ImmortalsGermanyNoYesNoNeo-Nazism
The III. PathGermanyNoYes (2013)YesNeo-Nazism
The RightGermanyNoYes (2012)YesNeo-Nazism
Socialist Reich PartyGermanyNoYes (1949)NoNeo-NazismFragmented from German Empire Party; banned 1952
Wiking-JugendGermanyNoYes (1952)NoNeo-Nazism
HIAGWest GermanyNoYes (1951)NoNeo-NazismFragmented from German Empire Party; banned 1952
Front LineGreeceNoYes (1999)NoMetaxism
General Popular Radical UnionGreeceYesNo (1932)Noindependent, Italian fascismLed byGeorgios Kondylis
Golden DawnGreeceNoYes (1980)YesMetaxism,[3][4][5] Neo-Nazism
Greek National Socialist Party[6]GreeceNoNo (1932)NoNazismFounded byGeorge S. Mercouris
Hellenic Socialist Patriotic OrganisationGreeceNoNo (1941)NoNazism
National Party – GreeksGreeceNoYes (2020)de facto bannedNeo-fascismSplit from Golden Dawn
National Political UnionGreeceNoYes (1984)NoMetaxismFounded byGeorgios Papadopoulos
National Popular ConsciousnessGreeceNoYes (2019)NoMetaxism, Neo-NazismSplit from Golden Dawn
National Reform PartyGreeceNoNo (1935)NoItalian fascism
National Union of Greece[7]GreeceNoNo (1927)Noindependent
Freethinkers' Party[8]GreeceNo (its leader did)No (1922)NoMetaxismThe political party led by future Greek dictatorIoannis Metaxas
SpartansGreeceNoYes (2017)YesNeo-fascismNational Party merged into them
National Unity PartyHaitiYesYes (1957)NoTropical fascismFounded byFrançois Duvalier
Arrow Cross PartyHungaryYesNo (1935)NoHungaristFounded as “Party of National Will”
Christian National Socialist FrontHungaryNoNo (1937)NoNazism
Hungarian National Socialist Agricultural Labourers' and Workers' PartyHungaryNoNo (1932)NoNazism
Hungarian National Defence Association[6]HungaryNoNo (1919)Noindependent/Italian FascismAlso known as Szeged Fascists
Hungarian National FrontHungaryNoYes (1989)NoNeo-Nazism
Hungarian National Socialist Party[6]HungaryNoNo (1920s–1930s)Noindependent/NazismName used by several groups
National FrontHungaryNoNo (1936)NoNazism
Pax Hungarica MovementHungaryNoYes (2008)NoNeo-Nazism
United Hungarian National Socialist PartyHungaryNoNo (1932)NoNazism
Unity PartyHungaryYesNo (1922)NoSzeged Idea
Norræna Mótstöðuhreyfingin (Norðurvígi) (Nordic Resistance Movement, Icelandic branch)[9]IcelandNoYes (2016)YesNeo-Nazism
Party of Nationalists[10]IcelandNoNo (1934)NoFascism
Ríkisflokkurinn (The State Party)[11]IcelandNoYes (1960)NoNeo-Nazism
Skjöldur Íslands (Iceland's Shield)IcelandNoYes (2025)YesWhite Nationalism
Aria Party[12]IranNoYes (1946)Noindependent
Azure PartyIranNoNo (1942)NoFascism, Nazism
Nation Party of IranIranNoYes (1951)Yesindependent
Pan-Iranist PartyIranNoNo (1941)YesIndependent
SumkaIranNoYes (1952)YesNazismFounded by Dr.Davud Monshizadeh in December 6, 1941 (1941-12-06) (unofficially) or October 13, 1952 (1952-10-13) (officially)
Resurgence PartyIranYesYes (1975)NoFascism[13][14]
Al-Muthanna ClubIraqNoNo (1935)NoNazismFounded by former Iraqi cabinet ministerSaib Shawkat
HawpaIraqNoYes (2020)YesNeo-Nazism
Ailtirí na hAiséirghe ("Architects of the Resurrection")[15]IrelandNoNo (1942)NoFascism, Irish nationalismFounded byGearóid Ó Cuinneagáin
Córas na Poblachta ("Republican System")IrelandNoNo (1940)NoFascism, Irish nationalism
National Socialist Irish Workers PartyIrelandNoYes (1968)NoNeo-NazismDissolved in late 1980s
National Corporate PartyIrelandNoNo (1934)NoClerical FascismMember of theFascist International
Army Comrades AssociationIrelandNoNo (1932)NoFascism, Irish nationalismFounded byEoin O'Duffy, better known as the Blueshirts
Brit HaBirionimIsrael (then the British Mandate of Palestine)NoNo (1930)NoItalian Fascism,Revisionist MaximalismFounded by ofDr. Abba Ahimeir,Uri Zvi Greenberg andDr. Joshua Yeivin.
Kach/Kahane ChaiIsraelNoYes (1971)NoKahanism,Halachic state,ZionismFounded by RabbiMeir Kahane, banned in 1994.
Lehi[16][17][18][19]Israel (then the British Mandate of Palestine)NoNo (1940)NoFascism,[16][17][19][20]Revisionist Zionism,National Bolshevism[21]
Patrol 36IsraelNoYes (2005)NoNeo-Nazism, Antisemitism
Armed Revolutionary NucleiItalyNoYes (1977)NoItalian FascismTerrorist organization
CasaPoundItalyNoYes (2003)YesItalian FascismFounded byGianluca Iannone
Fascism and Freedom MovementItalyNoYes (1991)YesItalian FascismFounded byGiorgio Pisanò
Fasci Italiani di CombattimentoItalyNoNo (1919)NoItalian FascismSucceeded by PNF
Forza NuovaItalyNoYesYesItalian Fascism

Fronte Sociale NazionaleItalyNoYes (1997)YesItalian FascismBroke from Tricolour Flame; member of Alternativa Sociale
Italian Social MovementItalyNoYes (1946)NoItalian FascismMSI
National Fascist Party (PNF)ItalyYesNo (1921)NoItalian FascismDisbanded 1943; succeeded by PFR
National Vanguard (PNF)ItalyNoYes (1960)NoNeo-Nazism
Ordine NuovoItalyNoYes (1956)NoItalian FascismTerrorist organization
Ordine NeroItalyNoYes (1974)NoItalian FascismTerrorist organization
Republican Fascist Party (PFR)Italy (RSI)YesNo (1943)NoItalian FascismDisbanded 1945; succeeded by MSI
Terza PosizioneItalyNoYes (1979)NoIndependentDisbanded 1980
Tricolour FlameItalyNoYes (1995)YesItalian FascismSplinter group of MSI
National Socialist Japanese Workers' PartyJapanNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
Nippon KaigiJapanYesYesYesJapanese ultranationalism, historical revisionism,Kokkashugi[22]
Imperial Aid AssociationJapanYesNo (1940)NoJapanese imperialism, Japanese militarism, Japanese ultranationalism, National conservatism, Pan-AsianismDissolved in 1945
Tohokai ("Eastern Society")JapanNoNo (1936)NoJapanese fascismIn October 1940 it briefly merged into theImperial Rule Assistance Association which it later broke away from in 1941, banned after the war.
Korean National Youth AssociationKoreaNoYes (1946)NoFascism
Pērkonkrusts[10]LatviaNoNo (1932)YesIndependentBanned after 1944; reformed after the resumption of Latvian independence
German National Movement in LiechtensteinLiechtensteinNoNo (1938)NoNazism
Liechtenstein Homeland ServiceLiechtensteinNoNo (1933)NoCorporate statism, Nazism (later)[23]
Kataeb PartyLebanonYesNo (1936)YesFalangism (former)Moved to centre-right, Christian Democracy
Kokumin DōmeiJapanNoNo (1932)NoJapanese fascismDissolved on 26 July 1940, merged into theImperial Rule Assistance Association
Kuomintang-NanjingChinaYesNo (1939)NoFascismEstablished byChinese Collaborators in China during theSecond Sino-Japanese War; dissolved on 16 August 1945.
Iron Wolves[6]LithuaniaYesNo (1927)NoClerical fascismMovement within the Clerical Party
Union of Christian Socialist Workers of the Memel RegionMemel Territory (today Lithuania)YesNo (1927)NoNazismBanned
Imperium EuropaMaltaNoYes (2000)YesNeo-fascism
Concordia AssociationManchukuoYesNo (1931)NoFascism,Manchurian nationalism
Russian Fascist OrganizationManchukuoNoNo (1925)NoItalian Fascism,Russian nationalismWithin the Russian emigrants
Russian Fascist PartyManchukuoNoNo (1931)NoItalian Fascism,Russian nationalismWithin the Russian emigrants
Gold Shirts[6]MexicoNoNo (1933)NoFascismBanned after Mexico joined the Allies in 1942
Mexican Fascist PartyMexicoNoNo (1923)NoItalian Fascism
Nationalist Front of MexicoMexicoNoYes (2006)YesNeo-fascism
Partido Nacional-Socialista de MéxicoMexicoNoYesYesNeo-Nazism
Dayar MongolMongoliaNoYesYesNeo-Nazism,Sinophobia,Resource nationalism
Tsagaan KhasMongoliaNoYes (1990)YesNeo-Nazism,Sinophobia,Resource nationalism

OverviewA-FG-MN-TU-Z

References

[edit]
  1. ^C. T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1990s' in L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan,The Far Right in Western and Eastern Europe, 1995, p. 329
  2. ^C.T. Husbands, 'Militant Neo-Nazism in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1980', L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan (eds.),Neo-Fascism in Europe, London: Longman, 1991, p. 99
  3. ^"Frequently Asked Questions".Golden Dawn. Archived fromthe original on April 16, 2014. RetrievedApril 13, 2014.
  4. ^"10 Overlooked political ideologies". Archived fromthe original on November 9, 2014.
  5. ^"Golden Dawn Recruiting Schoolchildren". February 27, 2013.
  6. ^abcdeStanley G. Payne,A History of Fascism 1914–1945, London, Routledge, 2001, p. 342
  7. ^Peter Davies, Derek Lynch.The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 279.
  8. ^Peter Davies, Derek Lynch.The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. London, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 276.
  9. ^"Nazister döms till fängelse för bombdåden i Göteborg".aftonbladet.se (in Swedish).Gothenburg:Aftonbladet. July 7, 2017.Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. RetrievedSeptember 22, 2018.
  10. ^abS. U. Larsen, B. Hagtvet & J. P. Myklebust,Who Were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism, Scandinavian University Press, Oslo, 1980.ISBN 82-00-05331-8
  11. ^H. Jökulsson, I. Jökulsson,Íslenskir Nasistar, Tákn Bókaútgáfa, Reykjavík, 1988.
  12. ^Haddad Adel, Gholamali; Elmi, Mohammad Jafar; Taromi-Rad, Hassan (August 31, 2012).Political Parties: Selected Entries from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam. EWI Press. p. 11.ISBN 9781908433022.
  13. ^Gholam Reza Afkhami (2008).The Life and Times of the Shah.University of California Press. pp. 434–444.ISBN 978-0-520-25328-5.The conception of the party, a hybrid of the Italian and Spanish schools of fascism, met with widespread opposition and was withdrawn once the queen sided with its opponents. But then fascism yielded to communism. The organization became principle democratic centralism, though the term was not mentioned.
  14. ^Yom, Sean (2015).From Resilience to Revolution: How Foreign Interventions Destabilize the Middle East.Columbia University Press. pp. 142–143.ISBN 9780231540278.
  15. ^R. M. Douglas,Architects of the Resurrection: Ailtirí na hAiséirghe and the Fascist 'New Order' in Ireland, Manchester University Press, 2009.ISBN 0-7190-7998-5
  16. ^abSasson Sofer. Zionism and the Foundations of Israeli Diplomacy. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Pp. 253-254.
  17. ^abPerliger and Weinberg, 2003, p. 108.
  18. ^Heller, 1995, p. 86.
  19. ^abDavid Yisraeli,The Palestine Problem in German Politics, 1889–1945, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, 1974.
  20. ^Joseph Heller 1995, p. 86.
  21. ^Robert S. Wistrich, David Ohana.The Shaping of Israeli Identity: Myth, Memory, and Trauma, Issue 3. London, England, UK; Portland, Oregon, USA: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd., 1995. Pp. 88.
  22. ^"No, Japan Should Not Remilitarize".Jacobin magazine. October 24, 2021. RetrievedNovember 28, 2021.Carrying the legacy of Japanese fascism, the LDP (particularly Nippon Kaigi) is the knowing driver of both this growing racism and nationalism and Japan's swelling military fervor. The synthesis of remilitarization with reactionary politics is embodied in the party's longtime leader, Shinzō Abe, Japan's longest-serving prime minister, who retired only last year due to his declining health.
  23. ^"Liechtensteiner Heimatdienst".e-archiv.li (in German). Liechtenstein National Archives. RetrievedFebruary 22, 2014.
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