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Balkan states: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Turkey; Romania and Slovenia are sometimes included.
BASIC countries, four large newly industrialized countries, Brazil, South Africa, India, China, to act jointly on climate change and emissions reduction
BIMSTEC, a group of countries in South Asia and South East Asia around the Bay of Bengal to promote technological and economic co-operation, which includes Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
BRIC (economics term): Brazil, Russia, India, and China, which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development
BSEC, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, is a regional organization focusing on multilateral political and economic initiatives aimed at fostering cooperation in the Black Sea region.
Bucharest Nine: a group of nine Eastern-European NATO states including Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia
CIVETS, six emerging markets countries: Colombia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Egypt, Turkey, and South Africa, a diverse and dynamic economy and a young, growing population
CLMV, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam in south east Asia, members ofASEAN
Comecon, formally the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance, consisted of socialist economies within the Communist world: the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, and Vietnam. The organization existed from 1949 to 1991 during theCold War.
COMESA, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa.
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), political alliance between theformer Soviet Republics of Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Moldova (suspended participation), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan (associate member), Uzbekistan.
Collective Security Treaty Organization, a military alliance between Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and observer members Serbia and Afghanistan.
Development Assistance Committee (DAC), to discuss issues surrounding aid, development and poverty reduction in developing countries, the world's major donor countries, Australia, European Union, Iceland, New Zealand, South Korea, Austria, Finland, Ireland, Norway, Spain, Belgium, France, Italy, Poland, Sweden, Canada, Germany, Japan, Portugal, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Greece, Luxembourg, Slovakia, United Kingdom, Denmark, Hungary, Netherlands, Slovenia, and United States.
DACH:[10] Majority German-speaking states of Central Europe (excludes the Principality of Liechtenstein). Utilises the German name of Germany and the Latin names of Austria and Switzerland. Germany (Deutschland), Austria (Austria) and Switzerland (ConfoederatioHelvetica), withDach meaning "roof" in German. The term is sometimes extended to D-A-CH-Li, DACHL, or DACH+ to includeLiechtenstein. Another version is DACHS (withDachs meaning "badger" in German) with the inclusion of the German-speaking region ofSouth Tyrol inItaly.[11]
D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation (D8): An organization aimed to facilitate cooperation among the largely Muslim countries: Azerbaijan (the last addition in 2025, making them 9 member states), Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan and Turkey.
ECOWAS: The Economic Community of West African States, a regional political and economic union of fifteen countries located in West Africa.
Eastern Partnership, a group of former soviet republics forging closer economic and political ties with the European Union. Members include Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine.
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, a political and economic organization, a platform to discuss ways to improve development and promote trade and investment opportunities, the objective is to establish a single market for goods and services.
EEA: TheEuropean Economic Area, which contains the European Union countries, plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein
Four Asian Tigers: also called "Four Asian Dragons" or "Four Little Dragons", are the economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, underwent rapid industrialization and maintained exceptionally high growth rates, now developed into advanced and high-income economies.
G4 nations:Brazil,Germany,India, andJapan, four countries which support each other's bids for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council.
Global Governance Group (G3), a group of 30 small to medium member countries which collectively provides representation and input to the G20.
Group of Two (G2): hypothetical and informal grouping between the United States and China, representing the countries with the two largest economies in the world
EU's G6 - France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom - countries with largest populations and thus the majority of votes in the Council of the European Union
Group of Seven (G7): Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, the seven major advanced economies as reported by theInternational Monetary Fund.
G8: US, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Russia, and Japan, the eight major advanced economies as reported by theIMF, which became theG7 after expelling Russia following the2014 invasion of Crimea.
G8+5, the G8 nations, plus the five leading emerging economies (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa).
G20, or Group of Twenty, twenty major economies comprising Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, European Union, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States, for studying, reviewing, and promoting high-level discussion of policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability.
Group of 77 (G77), a loose coalition of developing nations designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations.
GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council): Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE. A regional intergovernmental political and economic union consisting of all Arab states of the Persian Gulf, except for Iraq.
Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), intergovernmental organisation linking several African Indian Ocean nations
I2U2 Group also known asWest Quad is a grouping ofIndia,Israel, theUnited Arab Emirates, and theUnited States who aim to cooperate on "joint investments and new initiatives in water, energy, transportation, space, health, and food security."
La Francophonie: 56 member states, that were once former territories and colonies of theFrench colonial empire. Representing more than 1 billion people (12% of the world population) and spanning over 28 million km2 or 27% of the world’s land area.
Mercosur (Southern Common Market), a trade bloc of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, to promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency.
MIKTA, an informal partnership between Mexico, Indonesia, Republic of Korea (South Korea), Turkey, Australia, to support effective global governance.
MINT, the economies of Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey.
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization; NATO is formal group country to defend itself against outside aggression.
NAFTA:North American Free Trade Agreement, was an agreement signed by Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America.
Next Eleven(N11): Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Turkey, South Korea, and Vietnam – identified as having a high potential of becoming, along with the BRICS countries, among the world's largest economies in the 21st century.
OIC, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, is an international organization founded in 1969, consisting of 57 member states, with a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015 with 54 countries being Muslim-majority countries.
OAS, the Organization of American States, is a continental organization of the 35 independent nations within North, Central and South America
OECD, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, to stimulate economic progress and world trade, countries committed to democracy and the market economy, most OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) and are regarded as developed countries.
OECS, a group of island nations located in the EasternCaribbean.
Organization of Turkic States: an international organization comprising some of the Turkic countries (Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan).
OPEC, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, an organization of thirteen countries accounting for an estimated 42 percent of global oil production and 73 percent of the world's proven oil reserves. (OPEC+: the OPEC countries plus Russia)
Outer Seven: The seven founding members of theEuropean Free Trade Association, in contrast to the Inner Six, founders of the competitor European Economic Community, the predecessor to the current European Union.
Pacific Alliance, atrade bloc of states that border the Pacific Ocean. Permanent members include Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru.
The Pacific Pumas, a political and economic grouping of countries along Latin America's Pacific coast that includes Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The term references the four larger Pacific Latin American emerging markets that share common trends of positive growth, stable macroeconomic foundations, improved governance and an openness to global integration.
PALOP, the Portuguese-speaking African countries, also known as Lusophone Africa that includes: Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe and Equatorial Guinea.
Paris Club, a group of major creditor countries whose officials meet ten times a year in the city of Paris, with the intent to find coordinated and sustainable solutions to the payment difficulties experienced by debtor countries.
PIGS, also PIIGS, the economies of the countries of Portugal, Greece, Spain, Italy and/or Ireland.
PROSUR, the Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America.
Scandinavia: Denmark, Norway and Sweden (in some definitions, Finland is included due to strong historical ties to Sweden, and Iceland is sometimes included due to strong historical ties to Denmark and Norway).
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), aEurasian political, economic, and security organisation comprising: China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India and Pakistan.
Southern Cone (Cono Sur): Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Southern Brazil and Paraguay are occasionally included.
South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka
South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone (ZPCAS or ZOPACAS): group of nations along the Atlantic coasts of Sub-Saharan Africa and South America, formed with a special focus on opposing nuclear proliferation in the region
^Perez-Escamilla, R (1994). "Breastfeeding in Africa and the Latin American and Caribbean region: the potential role of urbanization".J Trop Pediatr.40 (3):137–43.doi:10.1093/tropej/40.3.137.PMID8078111.
