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List of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index

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This article needs to beupdated. The reason given is:The Human Development Report 2025 is available, which has data for 2023. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(June 2025)

This is alist of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted human development index (PHDI), as published by theUNDP in its 2020Human Development Report.^[1] The index captures the HDI of a country adjusted for ecological and environmental factors likecarbon dioxide emissions per person and material footprint. According to the PHDI, "The PHDI discounts the HDI for pressures on the planet to reflect a concern for intergenerational inequality, similar to theinequality-adjusted HDI adjustment which is motivated by a concern for intragenerational inequality."^[2]

The 2021/2022 report published 2023 reveals significant changes in performance, and positioning, of some countries (for example: Iceland and Ireland), with no formal documentation to explain or analyze these results.^[3] Unlike other indices, media coverage for these results was not available.

Methodology

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Main article:Human Development Index

The index captures the HDI of a country, after adjusting for itscarbon dioxide emissions per person and material footprint per person.^[4]^[5] Without any carbon emissions and material footprint, the HDI and PHDI would be equal; the greater these factors are, the greater the difference between the two.

List

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The table below ranks countries according to theirplanetary pressures–adjusted human development index (PHDI). Data is based on 2023 estimates.

2023 planetary pressures–adjusted HDI (PHDI) (2025 report)

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			Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI (PHDI)			Human Development Index (HDI)	Adjustment factor for planetary pressures	Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (production)	Carbon dioxide emissions (production) index	Material footprint per capita	Material footprint index
			Value	Difference from HDI value (%)	Difference from HDI rank	Value	Value	(tonnes)	Value	(tonnes)	Value
HDI rank	PHDI rank	Country	2023	2023	2023	2023	2023	2023	2023	2023	2023
		Very high human development
1	41	Iceland	0,735	24,4	-40	0,972	0,756	10,0	0,869	32,2	0,643
2	51	Norway	0,723	25,5	-49	0,970	0,746	7,1	0,907	37,5	0,584
2	43	Switzerland	0,732	24,5	-41	0,970	0,755	3,7	0,951	39,8	0,559
4	10	Denmark	0,792	17,7	-6	0,962	0,824	4,6	0,940	26,4	0,708
5	14	Germany	0,785	18,1	-9	0,959	0,819	7,2	0,907	24,3	0,730
5	3	Sweden	0,810	15,5	2	0,959	0,845	3,4	0,955	24,0	0,734
7	66	Australia	0,700	26,9	-59	0,958	0,731	14,5	0,811	31,5	0,651
8		Hong Kong, China (SAR)	..	..	..	0,955	..	4,5	0,941	..	..
8	35	Netherlands	0,740	22,5	-27	0,955	0,775	6,7	0,912	32,7	0,638
10	85	Belgium	0,666	30,0	-76	0,951	0,700	7,1	0,907	45,7	0,494
11	30	Ireland	0,752	20,8	-20	0,949	0,793	6,8	0,911	29,4	0,674
12	33	Finland	0,748	21,1	-22	0,948	0,789	5,7	0,926	31,4	0,652
13	102	Singapore	0,618	34,7	-90	0,946	0,653	8,2	0,893	53,0	0,412
13	1	United Kingdom	0,827	12,6	11	0,946	0,875	4,5	0,941	17,3	0,808
15	111	United Arab Emirates	0,585	37,8	-97	0,940	0,622	24,1	0,685	39,8	0,559
16	94	Canada	0,643	31,5	-79	0,939	0,684	14,2	0,815	40,3	0,554
17		Liechtenstein	..	..	..	0,938	..	4,0	0,948	..	..
17	44	New Zealand	0,731	22,1	-28	0,938	0,779	5,8	0,925	33,1	0,634
17	73	United States	0,686	26,9	-57	0,938	0,731	14,4	0,811	31,5	0,651
20	34	Korea (Republic of)	0,745	20,5	-16	0,937	0,795	11,2	0,854	23,9	0,736
21	12	Slovenia	0,791	15,0	7	0,931	0,850	5,3	0,930	20,8	0,769
22	23	Austria	0,757	18,6	-3	0,930	0,814	6,5	0,915	25,8	0,714
23	14	Japan	0,785	15,1	7	0,925	0,849	8,0	0,895	17,9	0,802
24	8	Malta	0,799	13,5	14	0,924	0,864	3,4	0,956	20,5	0,773
25	145	Luxembourg	0,479	48,0	-122	0,922	0,519	10,7	0,861	74,2	0,178
26	4	France	0,804	12,6	20	0,920	0,874	4,2	0,945	17,7	0,804
27	59	Israel	0,709	22,9	-34	0,919	0,772	6,5	0,915	33,6	0,628
28	2	Spain	0,818	10,9	24	0,918	0,891	4,7	0,939	14,2	0,843
29	20	Czechia	0,764	16,5	7	0,915	0,835	8,2	0,894	20,2	0,776
29	7	Italy	0,801	12,5	20	0,915	0,876	5,3	0,930	16,2	0,821
29		San Marino	..	..	..	0,915	..	..	..	..	..
32		Andorra	..	..	..	0,913	..	5,3	0,931	..	..
32	27	Cyprus	0,754	17,4	2	0,913	0,826	5,7	0,926	24,7	0,726
34	6	Greece	0,803	11,6	24	0,908	0,884	5,3	0,930	14,6	0,838
35	10	Poland	0,792	12,6	21	0,906	0,874	7,1	0,908	14,5	0,840
36	55	Estonia	0,714	21,1	-23	0,905	0,789	7,6	0,901	29,1	0,677
37	85	Saudi Arabia	0,666	26,0	-52	0,900	0,740	19,9	0,740	23,5	0,739
38	97	Bahrain	0,632	29,7	-63	0,899	0,703	24,6	0,679	24,6	0,728
39	31	Lithuania	0,751	16,1	4	0,895	0,840	4,6	0,940	23,6	0,739
40	9	Portugal	0,797	10,4	27	0,890	0,896	3,6	0,953	14,5	0,839
41	13	Croatia	0,787	11,5	24	0,889	0,886	4,4	0,943	15,5	0,828
41	32	Latvia	0,749	15,7	5	0,889	0,843	3,6	0,954	24,2	0,732
43	156	Qatar	0,276	68,8	-117	0,886	0,311	42,6	0,444	74,1	0,179
44	19	Slovakia	0,770	12,5	21	0,880	0,875	5,3	0,931	16,3	0,819
45	16	Chile	0,784	10,7	25	0,878	0,893	3,9	0,949	14,6	0,838
46	23	Hungary	0,757	13,0	19	0,870	0,870	4,0	0,948	18,8	0,792
47	21	Argentina	0,763	11,8	22	0,865	0,882	4,3	0,944	16,3	0,819
48		Montenegro	..	..	..	0,862	..	3,7	0,951	..	..
48	4	Uruguay	0,804	6,7	40	0,862	0,933	2,3	0,970	9,5	0,895
50	114	Oman	0,581	32,3	-69	0,858	0,677	16,9	0,779	38,5	0,574
51	45	Türkiye	0,729	14,5	1	0,853	0,854	5,0	0,934	20,4	0,774
52	129	Kuwait	0,531	37,7	-82	0,852	0,624	23,0	0,699	40,8	0,548
53		Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	0,851	..	6,8	0,911	..	..
54		Seychelles	..	..	..	0,848	..	5,1	0,933	..	..
55	35	Bulgaria	0,740	12,4	13	0,845	0,875	5,4	0,930	16,2	0,821
55	38	Romania	0,739	12,5	10	0,845	0,874	3,4	0,955	18,6	0,794
57	18	Georgia	0,772	8,5	32	0,844	0,915	3,2	0,959	11,6	0,871
58		Saint Kitts and Nevis	..	..	..	0,840	..	4,9	0,936	..	..
59	94	Panama	0,643	23,4	-43	0,839	0,766	3,1	0,959	38,5	0,573
60	107	Brunei Darussalam	0,600	28,3	-55	0,837	0,717	26,0	0,661	20,4	0,774
60	72	Kazakhstan	0,687	17,9	-20	0,837	0,820	13,0	0,830	17,1	0,811
62	17	Costa Rica	0,774	7,1	37	0,833	0,929	1,6	0,979	11,0	0,878
62	50	Serbia	0,724	13,1	4	0,833	0,869	5,9	0,923	16,7	0,815
64	58	Russian Federation	0,710	14,7	-2	0,832	0,853	12,6	0,836	11,7	0,871
65		Belarus	..	..	..	0,824	..	5,9	0,922	..	..
66	57	Bahamas	0,712	13,2	0	0,820	0,868	6,1	0,921	16,7	0,815
67	79	Malaysia	0,677	17,3	-21	0,819	0,827	8,4	0,890	21,4	0,763
68	27	North Macedonia	0,754	7,5	32	0,815	0,925	3,6	0,953	9,3	0,897
69	22	Armenia	0,761	6,2	38	0,811	0,938	2,7	0,964	8,0	0,912
69		Barbados	..	..	..	0,811	..	4,2	0,945	..	..
71	26	Albania	0,755	6,8	35	0,810	0,933	1,8	0,976	10,0	0,889
72		Trinidad and Tobago	..	..	..	0,807	..	22,4	0,708	..	..
73		Mauritius	..	..	..	0,806	..	3,2	0,958	..	..
74	65	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0,701	12,8	-3	0,804	0,872	6,3	0,918	15,7	0,826
		High human development
75	49	Iran (Islamic Republic of)	0,725	9,3	14	0,799	0,907	9,2	0,880	5,9	0,934
76		Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	..	..	..	0,798	..	2,3	0,970	..	..
76	46	Thailand	0,726	9,0	18	0,798	0,910	3,7	0,952	11,9	0,869
78	92	China	0,644	19,2	-27	0,797	0,808	8,3	0,891	24,9	0,724
79	23	Peru	0,757	4,7	43	0,794	0,953	1,6	0,979	6,6	0,927
80		Grenada	..	..	..	0,791	..	2,7	0,965	..	..
81	40	Azerbaijan	0,737	6,6	27	0,789	0,934	4,2	0,945	6,9	0,924
81	53	Mexico	0,721	8,6	14	0,789	0,914	3,8	0,951	11,2	0,876
83	35	Colombia	0,740	6,1	34	0,788	0,939	2,0	0,974	8,6	0,905
84	63	Brazil	0,702	10,7	7	0,786	0,893	2,2	0,971	16,6	0,816
84		Palau	..	..	..	0,786	..	12,3	0,839	..	..
86	39	Moldova (Republic of)	0,738	6,0	32	0,785	0,940	1,7	0,977	8,8	0,903
87	54	Ukraine	0,717	8,0	18	0,779	0,920	3,7	0,952	10,0	0,889
88	41	Ecuador	0,735	5,4	32	0,777	0,946	2,4	0,969	6,9	0,923
89	46	Dominican Republic	0,726	6,4	28	0,776	0,936	2,8	0,963	8,3	0,908
89		Guyana	..	..	..	0,776	..	4,4	0,943	..	..
89	27	Sri Lanka	0,754	2,8	47	0,776	0,971	0,9	0,988	4,1	0,955
92		Tonga	..	..	..	0,769	..	1,8	0,976	..	..
93		Maldives	..	..	..	0,766	..	4,0	0,948	..	..
93	67	Viet Nam	0,699	8,7	9	0,766	0,913	3,4	0,956	11,7	0,870
95	84	Turkmenistan	0,667	12,7	-7	0,764	0,874	9,7	0,873	11,4	0,874
96	60	Algeria	0,706	7,5	18	0,763	0,926	3,9	0,949	8,8	0,902
97	51	Cuba	0,723	5,1	28	0,762	0,949	2,1	0,973	6,8	0,924
98		Dominica	..	..	..	0,761	..	2,2	0,971	..	..
99	71	Paraguay	0,689	8,9	9	0,756	0,912	1,2	0,985	14,6	0,839
100	46	Egypt	0,726	3,7	35	0,754	0,963	2,4	0,969	3,9	0,956
100	55	Jordan	0,714	5,3	26	0,754	0,947	1,9	0,976	7,4	0,918
102	70	Lebanon	0,691	8,1	13	0,752	0,919	3,6	0,953	10,3	0,886
103		Saint Lucia	..	..	..	0,748	..	2,8	0,963	..	..
104	115	Mongolia	0,577	22,8	-31	0,747	0,773	13,6	0,823	25,0	0,723
105	62	Tunisia	0,703	5,8	23	0,746	0,942	2,6	0,966	7,3	0,919
106	75	South Africa	0,685	7,6	11	0,741	0,924	6,7	0,913	5,8	0,936
107	63	Uzbekistan	0,702	5,1	24	0,740	0,949	3,5	0,954	5,1	0,944
108	80	Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	0,675	7,9	8	0,733	0,921	1,9	0,975	12,1	0,866
108	61	Gabon	0,704	4,0	27	0,733	0,961	2,2	0,971	4,4	0,951
108		Marshall Islands	..	..	..	0,733	..	3,7	0,952	..	..
111	69	Botswana	0,698	4,5	21	0,731	0,954	2,5	0,967	5,3	0,941
111		Fiji	..	..	..	0,731	..	1,2	0,984	..	..
113	76	Indonesia	0,684	6,0	15	0,728	0,940	2,6	0,966	7,7	0,915
114		Suriname	..	..	..	0,722	..	4,2	0,945	..	..
115	82	Belize	0,670	7,1	10	0,721	0,929	1,6	0,979	10,9	0,879
115	99	Libya	0,629	12,8	-7	0,721	0,872	8,9	0,884	12,7	0,859
117	73	Jamaica	0,686	4,7	21	0,720	0,953	2,7	0,965	5,2	0,942
117	67	Kyrgyzstan	0,699	2,9	27	0,720	0,971	1,5	0,980	3,4	0,962
117	77	Philippines	0,680	5,6	17	0,720	0,944	1,3	0,983	8,6	0,905
120	78	Morocco	0,679	4,4	19	0,710	0,956	1,8	0,976	5,8	0,935
121	91	Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	0,652	8,0	7	0,709	0,920	3,5	0,955	10,4	0,885
122		Samoa	..	..	..	0,708	..	1,1	0,985	..	..
123	83	Nicaragua	0,668	5,4	16	0,706	0,946	0,8	0,990	8,8	0,902
124		Nauru	..	..	..	0,703	..	4,5	0,941	..	..
		Medium human development
125	108	Bhutan	0,593	15,0	-8	0,698	0,849	2,2	0,972	24,7	0,727
126		Eswatini (Kingdom of)	..	..	..	0,695	..	0,9	0,988	..	..
126	88	Iraq	0,665	4,3	13	0,695	0,957	3,9	0,949	3,2	0,964
128	81	Tajikistan	0,673	2,6	21	0,691	0,974	0,9	0,988	3,6	0,960
129		Tuvalu	..	..	..	0,689	..	1,0	0,987	..	..
130	85	Bangladesh	0,666	2,8	18	0,685	0,972	0,7	0,991	4,3	0,952
130	89	India	0,656	4,2	14	0,685	0,957	2,1	0,972	5,2	0,942
132	96	El Salvador	0,638	5,9	9	0,678	0,941	1,3	0,983	9,1	0,899
133	92	Equatorial Guinea	0,644	4,5	14	0,674	0,955	3,6	0,953	3,9	0,957
133	90	Palestine, State of	0,653	3,1	16	0,674	0,969	0,7	0,992	4,9	0,946
135		Cabo Verde	..	..	..	0,668	..	0,9	0,988	..	..
136	103	Namibia	0,611	8,1	5	0,665	0,918	1,6	0,979	12,8	0,858
137	100	Guatemala	0,626	5,4	9	0,662	0,946	1,1	0,985	8,5	0,906
138	98	Congo	0,631	2,8	12	0,649	0,973	1,3	0,984	3,5	0,962
139	101	Honduras	0,620	3,9	10	0,645	0,961	1,0	0,986	5,9	0,935
140		Kiribati	..	..	..	0,644	..	0,5	0,993	..	..
141		Sao Tome and Principe	..	..	..	0,637	..	0,7	0,991	..	..
142		Timor-Leste	..	..	..	0,634	..	0,5	0,994	..	..
143	105	Ghana	0,604	3,8	7	0,628	0,962	0,6	0,992	6,2	0,932
143	104	Kenya	0,610	2,9	8	0,628	0,971	0,4	0,995	4,8	0,946
145	110	Nepal	0,592	4,8	4	0,622	0,952	0,5	0,993	7,9	0,912
146		Vanuatu	..	..	..	0,621	..	0,7	0,991	..	..
147	118	Lao People's Democratic Republic	0,570	7,6	-3	0,617	0,923	3,2	0,958	10,0	0,889
148	105	Angola	0,604	1,9	11	0,616	0,980	0,6	0,993	2,9	0,967
149		Micronesia (Federated States of)	..	..	..	0,615	..	1,3	0,983	..	..
150	108	Myanmar	0,593	2,6	9	0,609	0,973	0,6	0,993	4,2	0,953
151	117	Cambodia	0,572	5,6	1	0,606	0,944	1,2	0,984	8,7	0,903
152		Comoros	..	..	..	0,603	..	0,5	0,993	..	..
153	111	Zimbabwe	0,585	2,2	8	0,598	0,978	0,7	0,991	3,1	0,965
154	111	Zambia	0,585	1,7	9	0,595	0,983	0,4	0,995	2,7	0,970
155	116	Cameroon	0,574	2,4	5	0,588	0,976	0,3	0,995	4,0	0,956
156		Solomon Islands	..	..	..	0,584	..	0,4	0,995	..	..
157	128	Côte d'Ivoire	0,537	7,7	-6	0,582	0,922	0,5	0,994	13,5	0,850
157	119	Uganda	0,569	2,2	3	0,582	0,978	0,1	0,998	3,9	0,957
159	120	Rwanda	0,567	1,9	4	0,578	0,980	0,1	0,999	3,4	0,962
160	121	Papua New Guinea	0,566	1,7	4	0,576	0,982	0,8	0,989	2,3	0,974
161	122	Togo	0,562	1,6	4	0,571	0,984	0,3	0,996	2,5	0,972
162	123	Syrian Arab Republic	0,553	2,0	4	0,564	0,981	1,1	0,986	2,2	0,976
163	126	Mauritania	0,542	3,7	2	0,563	0,962	0,9	0,988	5,8	0,936
164	124	Nigeria	0,548	2,1	5	0,560	0,979	0,6	0,993	3,2	0,965
165	127	Tanzania (United Republic of)	0,541	2,5	3	0,555	0,975	0,3	0,997	4,3	0,953
166	125	Haiti	0,545	1,6	6	0,554	0,984	0,3	0,996	2,5	0,972
167		Lesotho	..	..	..	0,550	..	1,7	0,978	..	..
		Low human development
168	130	Pakistan	0,529	2,8	2	0,544	0,973	0,8	0,989	3,9	0,956
169	133	Senegal	0,512	3,4	0	0,530	0,966	0,7	0,991	5,4	0,940
170	132	Gambia	0,514	1,9	2	0,524	0,982	0,3	0,997	3,0	0,966
171	131	Congo (Democratic Republic of the)	0,517	1,0	4	0,522	0,990	0,0	0,999	1,8	0,980
172	134	Malawi	0,507	1,9	2	0,517	0,980	0,1	0,999	3,5	0,961
173	136	Benin	0,504	2,1	1	0,515	0,978	0,4	0,995	3,5	0,961
174		Guinea-Bissau	..	..	..	0,514	..	0,1	0,998	..	..
175	144	Djibouti	0,480	6,4	-6	0,513	0,936	0,4	0,994	11,0	0,878
176	137	Sudan	0,498	2,5	2	0,511	0,974	0,4	0,995	4,2	0,954
177	135	Liberia	0,505	1,0	5	0,510	0,990	0,1	0,998	1,7	0,982
178	138	Eritrea	0,496	1,4	3	0,503	0,986	0,2	0,998	2,4	0,974
179	140	Guinea	0,488	2,4	2	0,500	0,975	0,3	0,996	4,1	0,955
180	141	Ethiopia	0,487	2,0	2	0,497	0,980	0,1	0,998	3,5	0,962
181	139	Afghanistan	0,492	0,8	5	0,496	0,991	0,3	0,997	1,2	0,986
182	142	Mozambique	0,486	1,4	3	0,493	0,986	0,2	0,997	2,3	0,975
183	143	Madagascar	0,481	1,2	3	0,487	0,988	0,1	0,998	2,0	0,977
184	146	Yemen	0,465	1,1	1	0,470	0,989	0,3	0,996	1,6	0,982
185	147	Sierra Leone	0,459	1,7	1	0,467	0,983	0,1	0,998	2,9	0,967
186	148	Burkina Faso	0,453	1,3	1	0,459	0,987	0,3	0,997	2,0	0,978
187	149	Burundi	0,435	0,9	1	0,439	0,991	0,1	0,999	1,6	0,982
188	150	Mali	0,411	1,9	1	0,419	0,981	0,3	0,996	3,2	0,965
188	151	Niger	0,410	2,1	0	0,419	0,979	0,1	0,999	3,6	0,960
190	153	Chad	0,397	4,6	0	0,416	0,954	0,2	0,998	8,1	0,910
191	152	Central African Republic	0,407	1,7	2	0,414	0,983	0,0	0,999	2,9	0,968
192	154	Somalia	0,396	2,0	1	0,404	0,979	0,0	1,000	3,7	0,959
193	155	South Sudan	0,383	1,3	1	0,388	0,986	0,1	0,998	2,3	0,974
Other countries or territories
		Korea (Democratic People's Rep. of)	..	..	..	..	0,961	2,3	0,970	4,2	0,953
		Monaco	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Human development groups
		Very high human development	0,741	18,9	—	0,914	0,811	9,4	0,877	23,0	0,746
		High human development	0,677	12,9	—	0,777	0,871	5,6	0,926	16,6	0,816
		Medium human development	0,631	3,8	—	0,656	0,963	1,6	0,980	4,9	0,945
		Low human development	0,505	1,9	—	0,515	0,980	0,4	0,995	3,2	0,964

		Developing countries	0,653	8,3	—	0,712	0,917	3,6	0,953	10,7	0,881
Regions
		Arab States	0,665	7,5	—	0,719	0,926	4,6	0,940	8,1	0,911
		East Asia and the Pacific	0,658	15,1	—	0,775	0,849	6,5	0,916	19,7	0,782
		Europe and Central Asia	0,731	10,6	—	0,818	0,893	5,0	0,934	13,3	0,852
		Latin America and the Caribbean	0,715	8,7	—	0,783	0,913	2,7	0,965	12,5	0,861
		South Asia	0,644	4,2	—	0,672	0,959	2,1	0,973	5,0	0,945
		Sub-Saharan Africa	0,553	2,6	—	0,568	0,974	0,7	0,991	3,8	0,958

		Least developed countries	0,548	2,1	—	0,560	0,978	0,3	0,996	3,6	0,960
		Small island developing states	..	..	—	0,739	..	2,7	0,965	..	..

		Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development	0,752	17,9	—	0,916	0,821	8,2	0,893	22,6	0,750

		World	0,680	10,1	—	0,756	0,900	4,5	0,941	12,7	0,859

References

[edit]

^Lu, Joanne (2021-01-26)."For the First Time the UN's Human Development Index Ranks Countries by their "Planetary Pressures"".UN Dispatch. Retrieved2021-04-20.
^"Planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI) | Human Development Reports".hdr.undp.org. Retrieved2021-04-20.
^"2021/2022 webpage report".
^"India drops two ranks in Human Development Index".The Hindu. 16 December 2020. Retrieved26 August 2022.
^Noha El, Tawil (27 December 2020)."Egypt's Human Development Index rises to become higher than Arab average".Egypt Today. Retrieved26 August 2022.

External links

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Methodology

List

2023 planetary pressures–adjusted HDI (PHDI) (2025 report)

See also

References

External links