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Chief Minister of Maharashtra

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Head of the government of the Indian state of Maharashtra

Chief Minister of Maharashtra
Mahārāṣṭrāche Mukhyamantrī
since 5 December 2024
Government of Maharashtra
StyleThe Honorable
Mr. Chief Minister
His Excellency
StatusHead of Government
AbbreviationCM
Member of
ResidenceVarsha Bungalow,Malabar Hill,Mumbai (not using)
SeatMantralaya, Mumbai
AppointerGovernor of Maharashtra
Term lengthAt the confidence of the assembly
5 years and is subject to noterm limits.[1]
Precursor
Prime Minister ofBombay
Inaugural holder
Formation1 May 1960
(65 years ago) (1960-05-01)
DeputyDeputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra
Salary
  • ₹340,000 (US$4,000)/monthly
  • ₹4,080,000 (US$48,000)/annually
WebsiteCMO Maharashtra

Thechief minister of Maharashtra (IAST: Mahārāṣṭrāce Mukhyamaṃtrī) is thehead of the executive branch of thegovernment of the Indianstate ofMaharashtra. Following elections to theLegislative Assembly, thegovernor invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government and appoints the chief minister. If the appointee is not a member of either theLegislative Council or theLegislative Assembly of Maharashtra, then theConstitution stipulates that they need to be elected within six months of being sworn in.[2] The office of the CM is coterminous with the concurrent Assembly provided the CM commands confidence in the house and hence does not exceed five years. However, it is subject to noterm limits.[1]

Maharashtra was formed bydissolution ofBombay State andHyderabad State on 1 May 1960.[3]Yashwantrao Chavan, who was serving as the third CM of Bombay State since 1956, became the first CM of Maharashtra. He belonged to theIndian National Congress and held the office until the1962 Assembly elections.Marotrao Kannamwar succeeded him and was the only CM to die while in office.[4][5]Vasantrao Naik, who was in office from December 1963 to February 1975 for more than 11 years, has by far been the longest serving CM. He also was the first and only CM to complete his full term of five years (1967–1972) tillDevendra Fadnavis matched it (2014–2019). With the exceptions ofManohar Joshi (SS),Narayan Rane (SS),Devendra Fadnavis (BJP),Uddhav Thackeray (SS) andEknath Shinde (SS), all other CMs have been from theCongress or itsbreakaway parties.[6][7][8]

So far,President's rule has been imposed thrice in thestate: first from February to June 1980 and again from September to October 2014. It was again imposed on 12 November 2019.[9][10]

The current incumbent isDevendra Fadnavis of theBharatiya Janata Party since 5 December 2024.[11]

Colour key for political parties

  Indian National Congress
  Indian National Congress (Urs)
  Indian Congress (Socialist)
  Shiv Sena
  Bharatiya Janata Party
  N/A (President's rule)

Prime ministers of Bombay (1937–50)

[edit]
#[a][b]PortraitNameTerm of officeAssemblyAppointed

by

(Governor)

Party
1Dhanjishah Cooper1 April 193719 July 1937[13]140 days1st Provincial

(1937 Elections)

The Lord BrabourneIndependent
2Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher19 July 1937[13][14]2 November 1939[15]2 years, 106 daysRobert Duncan BellIndian National Congress
-Vacant

(Governor's Rule)

2 November

1939

30 March 19466 years, 148 daysDissolved-N/A
(2)Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher30 March 194626 January
1950		3 years, 302 days2nd

Provincial

(1946 Elections)

Sir John ColvilleIndian National Congress

Chief ministers of Bombay State (1947–60)

[edit]
#[c]PortraitNameConstituencyTerm of officeAssemblyAppointed by

(Governor)

Party
1Balasaheb Gangadhar KherMLC15 August 194721 April 19524 years, 250 daysProvincial Assembly

1946 election)

Sir John ColvilleIndian National Congress
2Morarji DesaiBulsar Chikhli21 April 195231 October 19564 years, 193 days1st

(1952 elections)

Raja Maharaj Singh
Chief ministers of Bombay State (1956–60)[d]
3Yashwantrao ChavanKarad North1 November 19565 April 19573 years, 181 days1st

(1952 elections)

Harekrushna MahatabIndian National Congress
5 April 195730 April 19602nd

(1957 elections)

Sri Prakasa

Chief ministers of Maharashtra

[edit]
Key
  • No.: Incumbent number
  • † Died in office
  • § Returned to office after a previous non-consecutive term
  • RES Resigned
  • NC Resigned following ano-confidence motion

Chief ministers of Maharashtra[e] (1960–present)

(Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960)[17]

NoPortraitNameConstituencyTerm of officeAssemblyParty

(Alliance)[18]

Took officeLeft officeDuration
1Yashwantrao ChavanKarad North1 May 196020 November 19622 years, 203 days1st

(1957 elections)

Indian National Congress
2Marotrao KannamwarSaoli20 November 196224 November 1963 †1 year, 4 days2nd

(1962 election)

3P. K. SawantChiplun25 November 19635 December 196310 days
4Vasantrao NaikPusad5 December 19631 March 196711 years, 78 days
1 March 196713 March 19723rd

(1967 election)

13 March 197221 February 19754th

(1972 election)

5Shankarrao ChavanBhokar21 February 197517 May 19772 years, 85 days
6Vasantdada PatilMLC17 May 19775 March 19781 year, 62 days
Sangli5 March 197818 July 19785th

(1978 election)

Indian National Congress (U)
7Sharad PawarBaramati18 July 197817 February 19801 year, 214 daysIndian Congress (Socialist)
–State Emblem of IndiaVacant[f]

(President's rule)

N/A17 February 19808 June 1980112 daysDissolved[20]N/A
8A. R. AntulayShrivardhan9 June 198021 January 19821 year, 226 days6th

(1980 election)

Indian National Congress
9Babasaheb BhosaleNehrunagar21 January 19822 February 19831 year, 12 days
(6)Vasantdada PatilSangli2 February 19833 June 19852 years, 121 days
10Shivajirao Patil NilangekarNilanga3 June 198512 March 1986282 days7th

(1985 election)

(5)Shankarrao ChavanMLC12 March 198626 June 19882 years, 106 days
(7)Sharad PawarBaramati26 June 19884 March 19902 years, 364 days
4 March 199025 June 19918th

(1990 election)

11Sudhakarrao NaikPusad25 June 19916 March 19931 year, 254 days
(7)Sharad PawarMLC6 March 1993[§]14 March 19952 years, 8 days
12Manohar JoshiDadar14 March 19951 February 19993 years, 324 days9th

(1995 election)

Shiv Sena

(NDA)

13Narayan RaneMalvan1 February 199918 October 1999259 days
14Vilasrao DeshmukhLatur18 October 199918 January 20033 years, 92 days10th

(1999 election)

Indian National Congress

(MA)

15Sushilkumar ShindeSolapur South18 January 20031 November 20041 year, 288 days
(14)Vilasrao DeshmukhLatur1 November 2004[§]8 December 20084 years, 37 days11th

(2004 election)

16Ashok ChavanMudkhed8 December 20087 November 20091 year, 338 days
Bhokar7 November 200911 November 201012th

(2009 election)

17Prithviraj ChavanMLC11 November 201028 September 20143 years, 321 days
–State Emblem of IndiaVacant[f]

(President's rule)

N/A28 September 201430 October 201432 daysDissolvedN/A
18Devendra FadnavisNagpur South West31 October 201412 November 20195 years, 12 days13th

(2014 election)

Bharatiya Janata Party

(MY)

-State Emblem of IndiaVacant[f]

(President's rule)

12 November 201923 November 201911 days14th

(2019 election)

N/A
(18)Devendra FadnavisNagpur South West23 November 201928 November 20195 days[g]Bharatiya Janata Party

(BJP-NCP)

19Uddhav ThackerayMLC28 November 201930 June 20222 years, 214 daysShiv Sena

(MVA)

20Eknath ShindeKopri-Pachpakhadi30 June 20225 December 20242 years, 158 daysShiv Sena

(MY)

(18)Devendra FadnavisNagpur South West5 December 2024Incumbent357 days15th

(2024 election)

Bharatiya Janata Party

(MY)

Statistics

[edit]
Fraction of time of holding CMO by party (as of 1 November 2025)
  1. Indian National Congress (73.1%)
  2. Shiv Sena (14.8%)
  3. Bharatiya Janata Party (9.14%)
  4. Indian Congress (Socialist) (2.44%)
  5. Indian National Congress (U) (0.57%)
#Chief MinisterPartyLength of term
Longest continuous termTotal tenure
1Vasantrao NaikINC11 years, 78 days11 years, 78 days
2Vilasrao DeshmukhINC4 years, 37 days7 years, 129 days
3Sharad PawarINC/IC(S)2 years, 364 days6 years, 221 days
4Devendra FadnavisBJP5 years, 12 days6 years, 9 days
5Shankarrao ChavanINC2 years, 106 days4 years, 191 days
6Manohar JoshiSS3 years, 324 days3 years, 324 days
7Prithviraj ChavanINC3 years, 321 days3 years, 321 days
8Vasantdada PatilINC(U)/INC2 years, 121 days3 years, 183 days
9Uddhav ThackeraySS2 years, 214 days2 years, 214 days
10Yashwantrao ChavanINC2 years, 203 days2 years, 203 days
11Eknath ShindeSS2 years, 158 days2 years, 158 days
12Ashok ChavanINC1 year, 338 days1 year, 338 days
13Sushilkumar ShindeINC1 year, 288 days1 year, 288 days
14Sudhakarrao NaikINC1 year, 254 days1 year, 254 days
15A. R. AntulayINC1 year, 226 days1 year, 226 days
16Babasaheb BhosaleINC1 year, 12 days1 year, 12 days
17Marotrao KannamwarINC1 year, 4 days1 year, 4 days
18Shivajirao Patil NilangekarINC282 days282 days
19Narayan RaneSS259 days259 days
20P. K. SawantINC10 days10 days

Timeline

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^AfterIndia's Independence,Bombay State was created and its territory underwent constant change in the following years. It comprisedBombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding South Maharashtra andVidarbha), theprincely states of theBaroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state ofGujarat) andDeccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra andKarnataka).[12]
  2. ^A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  3. ^A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  4. ^States Reorganisation Act, 1956:Bombay State was enlarged by the addition ofSaurashtra State andKutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts ofNagpur Division ofMadhya Pradesh andMarathwada region ofHyderabad State. The southernmost districts of theBombay Presidency were transferred toMysore State.[16]
  5. ^Bombay state was dissolved to form the present-day states ofMaharashtra andGujarat by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960, which was enacted by theParliament of India on 25 April 1960 and came into effect on 1 May 1960.[3]
  6. ^abcUnderArticle 356 of theConstitution of India, in the event that astate government is unable to function according to constitutional provisions, theCentral government can take direct control of the state machinery through theGovernor. WhenPresident's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[19]
  7. ^Fadnavis sworn in as CM on 23 November 2019 at 8:00 am and resigned on 26 November 2019 at 4:00 pm making him the CM with shortest tenure ever in the history of India.[21][22] Before him,Jagdambika Pal had the shortest tenure as chief minister. He was the CM ofUttar Pradesh for 44 hours from 21 to 23 February 1998 and both Fadnavis and Pal were from BJP.[23]P. K. Sawant from INC was the CM with shortest term before Fadnavis for Maharastra; became CM on 25 November 1963 and his tenure ended on 4 December 1963.[24]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abDurga Das Basu.Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur.ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Maharashtra as well.
  2. ^"Chavan elected to Legislative Council".@businessline. Retrieved22 May 2018.
  3. ^ab"The Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960"(PDF).India Code - Digital Repository of Legislation. 25 April 1960. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  4. ^"Before Jayalalithaa, 16 chief ministers who died in office".The Indian Express. 7 December 2016. Retrieved22 May 2018.
  5. ^"Jayalalithaa is dead: Here are other chief ministers who died while still in office - Firstpost".firstpost.com. 7 December 2016. Retrieved22 May 2018.
  6. ^"Down but not out".The Telegraph India. 10 July 2011. Archived fromthe original on 29 November 2014.
  7. ^Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010)."Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?"(PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  8. ^"Indira Gandhi installed as president of break-away faction of Congress Party".India Today. 21 April 2015. Retrieved22 May 2018.
  9. ^"Use of President's Rule peaked on February 17, 1980: Some facts".India Today. 17 February 2016. Retrieved1 March 2018.
  10. ^"President's rule: 'Unprecedented but logical'".@businessline. Retrieved1 March 2018.
  11. ^"Devendra Fadnavis takes oath as Maha CM, Shinde & Ajit his deputies".The Times of India. 4 December 2024. Retrieved4 December 2024.
  12. ^Desai, S. H. (1972).A critical study of the development of secondary education for girls in Gujarat its history and present day problems (PhD Thesis). Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda: Shodhganga : a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET. pp. 411–420.hdl:10603/57937.
  13. ^abBombay 1937-1938: A Review of the Administration of the Bombay Presidency.Mumbai: Government Central Press, Bombay. 1939. pp. 160–161.
  14. ^"Chief Ministers (1937 to 2019)"(PDF).Maharashtra Legislature (in Marathi). Retrieved15 May 2021.
  15. ^"Forgotten fact: Most Mumbaiites are breaking the law when they grab a drink". 17 May 2015.
  16. ^"The States Reorganisation Act, 1956"(PDF).India Code - Digital Repository of Legislations. 31 August 1956. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  17. ^"Explained: How Gujarat, Maharashtra came into being".The Indian Express. 1 May 2019. Retrieved16 March 2021.
  18. ^Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010)."Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?"(PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  19. ^Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  20. ^"Information sought under RTI Act, 2005"(PDF).Ministry of Home Affairs (Government of India). 27 June 2014. p. 7 of 14. Retrieved23 May 2018.
  21. ^"Why Was Devendra Fadnavis Maharashtra CM For Just 80 Hours? BJP MP Answers".HuffPost. 2 December 2019. Retrieved20 December 2019.
  22. ^"After 80 hours as Maharashtra CM, Fadnavis submits resignation to governor".Live Mint. 26 November 2019. Retrieved20 December 2019.
  23. ^"Only 80 hrs: Devendra Fadnavis becomes Maharashtra CM with shortest tenure ever".India Today. 26 November 2019. Retrieved20 December 2019.
  24. ^"Maharashtra: Only 80 hours – Fadnavis now CM for shortest tenure in state history".The Indian Express. 27 November 2019. Retrieved20 December 2019.
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