This is an alphabetical list ofastronauts, people selected to train for ahuman spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of aspacecraft.
For a list of everyone who has flown in space, seeList of space travelers by name.
More than 600 people have been trained as astronauts. Until recently, astronauts were sponsored and trained exclusively by governments, either by the military or by civilian space agencies. However, with the advent ofsuborbital flight starting with privately fundedSpaceShipOne in 2004, a new category of astronaut was created: thecommercial astronaut.
While the term astronaut is sometimes applied to anyone who trains for travel into space—including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists—this article lists only professional astronauts, those who have been selected to train professionally. This includes national space programs, industry and commercial space programs which train and/or hire their own professional astronauts.
The flags indicate the astronaut's primary citizenship during his or her time as an astronaut. The symbol.svg)
identifiesfemale astronauts. The symbol △ indicates astronauts who have leftlow Earth orbit. The symbol ▲ indicates astronauts who havewalked on the Moon. The symbol † indicates astronauts who have died in incidents related to a space program.
Joseph M. Acaba (1967–) —STS-119,Soyuz TMA-04M,Soyuz MS-06Loren Acton (1936–) —STS-51-FMike Adams (1930–1967) † — Died duringX-15 Flight 191 when he lost control and his aircraft broke up.James Adamson (1946–) —STS-28,STS-43
Viktor M. Afanasyev —Soyuz TM-11,Soyuz TM-18,Soyuz TM-29,Soyuz TM-33/32
Aydyn Aimbetov —Soyuz TMA-18MThomas Akers —STS-41,STS-49,STS-61,STS-79Vladimir Aksyonov —Soyuz 22,Soyuz T-2Buzz Aldrin △▲ —Gemini 12,Apollo 11. Second person to walk on the Moon.
Aleksandar Panayotov Aleksandrov —Soyuz TM-5Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov —Soyuz T-9,Soyuz TM-3
Ali AlQarni —Axiom Mission 2Andrew M. Allen —STS-46,STS-62,STS-75Joseph P. Allen —STS-5,STS-51-AMichael Alsbury † —Commercial astronaut, died when theVSSEnterprise broke up during a test flight.Christopher Altman —NASA-trainedcommercial astronaut, Association of Spaceflight Professionals 2011[1][2]Scott Altman —STS-90,STS-106,STS-109,STS-125
Pablo Álvarez Fernández — No flights.2022 ESA Astronaut group.William Anders (1933–2024) △ —Apollo 8Clayton Anderson —STS-117/120,STS-131Michael P. Anderson (1959–2003) † —STS-89. Died in theSpace ShuttleColumbia disaster when it disintegrated during re-entry (STS-107).Dominic A. Antonelli —STS-119,STS-132Jerome Apt —STS-37,STS-47,STS-59,STS-79Lee Archambault —STS-117,STS-119Neil Armstrong (1930–2012) △▲ —Gemini 8,Apollo 11. First person to walk on the Moon.[3][4]
Anousheh Ansari —Soyuz TMA-9Hayley Arceneaux —Inspiration4Oleg Artemyev —Soyuz TMA-12M,Soyuz MS-08,Soyuz MS-21Richard R. Arnold —STS-119,Soyuz MS-08Anatoly Artsebarsky —Soyuz TM-12Yuri Artyukhin (1930–1998) —Soyuz 14Jeffrey Ashby —STS-93,STS-100,STS-112Oleg Atkov —Soyuz T-10/11Toktar Aubakirov —Soyuz TM-13/12Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor —Soyuz MS-09,Expedition 56/57Sergei Avdeyev —Soyuz TM-15,Soyuz TM-22Nichole Ayers —SpaceX Crew-10James P. Bagian, M.D. —STS-29,STS-40Ellen S. Baker, M.D. —STS-34,STS-50,STS-71Michael Baker —STS-43,STS-52,STS-68,STS-81Aleksandr Balandin —Soyuz TM-9Michael R. Barratt, M.D. —Soyuz TMA-14,STS-133,SpaceX Crew-8Rayyanah Barnawi—Axiom Mission 2Kayla Barron—SpaceX Crew-3Daniel Barry —STS-72,STS-96,STS-105John-David F. Bartoe —STS-51-FCharlie Bassett (1931–1966) — No flights. Originally assigned toGemini 9.Yuri Baturin —Soyuz TM-28/27,Soyuz TM-32/31
Patrick Baudry —STS-51-GAlan Bean (1932–2018) △▲ —Apollo 12,Skylab 3Robert L. Behnken —STS-123,STS-130,Crew Dragon Demo-2
Ivan Bella —Soyuz TM-29/28Pavel Belyayev (1925–1970) —Voskhod 2
Katherine Bennell-Pegg — No flightsGeorgi Beregovoi (1921–1995) —Soyuz 3Anatoli Berezovoy (1942–2014) —Soyuz T-5/7Brian Binnie —SpaceShipOne flight 17PJohn Blaha —STS-29,STS-33,STS-43,STS-58,STS-79/81Michael J. Bloomfield —STS-86,STS-97,STS-110Guion Bluford —STS-8,STS-61-A,STS-39,STS-53Karol Bobko (1937–2023) —STS-6,STS-51-D,STS-51-JEric A. Boe —STS-126,STS-133Charles Bolden —STS-61-C,STS-31,STS-45,STS-60
Roberta Bondar, M.D. —STS-42Valentin Bondarenko (1937–1961) † — No flights. Died from a training-related fire accident.Andrei Borisenko —Soyuz TMA-21,Soyuz MS-02Konstantin Borisov —SpaceX Crew-7Frank Borman (1928–2023) △ —Gemini 7,Apollo 8Stephen G. Bowen —STS-126,STS-132,STS-133,SpaceX Crew-6Kenneth Bowersox —STS-50,STS-61,STS-73,STS-82,STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1Charles E. Brady Jr., M.D. (1951–2006) —STS-78Vance Brand —Apollo–Soyuz Test Project,STS-5,STS-41-B,STS-35Daniel Brandenstein —STS-8,STS-51-G,STS-32,STS-49Randolph Bresnik —STS-129,Soyuz MS-05Roy Bridges —STS-51-FCurtis Brown —STS-47,STS-66,STS-77,STS-85,STS-95,STS-103David M. Brown (1956–2003) † — Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)Mark Brown —STS-28,STS-48James Buchli —STS-51-C,STS-61-A,STS-29,STS-48Jay C. Buckey, M.D. —STS-90Nikolai Budarin —STS-71/Soyuz TM-21,Soyuz TM-27,STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1John S. Bull (1934–2008) — No flights.Daniel Burbank —STS-106,STS-115,Soyuz TMA-22Daniel Bursch —STS-51,STS-68,STS-77,STS-108/111Valery Bykovsky (1934–2019) —Vostok 5,Soyuz 22,Soyuz 31/29Robert D. Cabana —STS-41,STS-53,STS-65,STS-88Yvonne Cagle, M.D. — No flights.
Cai Xuzhe —Shenzhou 14,Shenzhou 19Fernando Caldeiro (1958–2009) — No flights.Charles Camarda —STS-114Kenneth D. Cameron —STS-37,STS-56,STS-74Zena Cardman —SpaceX Crew-11Duane G. Carey —STS-109Scott Carpenter (1925–2013) —Mercury 7[5]Gerald Carr (1932–2020) —Skylab 4Sonny Carter, M.D. (1947–1991) —STS-33John Casper —STS-36,STS-54,STS-62,STS-77Josh Cassada —SpaceX Crew-5Christopher Cassidy —STS-127,Soyuz TMA-08M,Soyuz MS-16Robert J. Cenker —STS-61-CEugene Cernan (1934–2017) △▲ —Gemini 9A,Apollo 10,Apollo 17Roger B. Chaffee (1935–1967) † — Died in theApollo 1 fire accident.Gregory Chamitoff —STS-124/126,STS-134
Franklin Chang-Diaz —STS-61-C,STS-34,STS-46,STS-60,STS-75,STS-91,STS-111Philip K. Chapman — No flights.Raja Chari —SpaceX Crew-3
Kalpana Chawla (1961–2003) † —STS-87. Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107).
Maurizio Cheli —STS-75Chen Dong —Shenzhou 11,Shenzhou 14,Shenzhou 20.Chen Quan — No flights. Backup for Shenzhou 7.Chen Zhongrui —Shenzhou 20Leroy Chiao —STS-65,STS-72,STS-92,Soyuz TMA-5Kevin P. Chilton —STS-49,STS-59,STS-76Jean-Loup Chrétien —Soyuz T-6,Soyuz TM-7/6,STS-86Nikolai Chub —Soyuz MS-24/MS-25Laurel B. Clark, M.D. (1961–2003) † — Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)Mary L. Cleave (1947–2023) —STS-61-B,STS-30Jean-François Clervoy, EAC —STS-66,STS-84,STS-103Michael R. Clifford (1952–2021) —STS-53,STS-59,STS-76Michael Coats —STS-41-D,STS-29,STS-39Kenneth Cockrell —STS-56,STS-69,STS-80,STS-98,STS-111Catherine Coleman —STS-73,STS-93,Soyuz TMA-20Eileen Collins —STS-63,STS-84,STS-93,STS-114Michael Collins (1930–2021) △ —Gemini 10,Apollo 11Charles "Pete" Conrad (1930–1999) △▲ —Gemini 5,Gemini 11,Apollo 12,Skylab 2Gordon Cooper (1927–2004) —Mercury 9,Gemini 5Richard O. Covey —STS-51-I,STS-26,STS-38,STS-61Timothy Creamer —Soyuz TMA-17John O. Creighton —STS-51-G,STS-36,STS-48Robert Crippen —STS-1,STS-7,STS-41-C,STS-41-GSamantha Cristoforetti —Soyuz TMA-15M,SpaceX Crew-4Roger K. Crouch —STS-83,STS-94Frank L. Culbertson Jr. —STS-38,STS-51,STS-105/108Walter Cunningham (1932–2023)—Apollo 7Robert Curbeam —STS-85,STS-98,STS-116Nancy J. Currie —STS-57,STS-70,STS-88,STS-109Bill Dana (1930–2014) —X-15 flights 174 and 197Nancy Jan Davis —STS-47,STS-60,STS-85Lawrence J. DeLucas —STS-50
Frank De Winne —Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34,Soyuz TMA-15Deng Qingming —Shenzhou 15Vladimir N. Dezhurov —Soyuz TM-21/STS-71Georgi Dobrovolski (1928–1971) † — Died in theSoyuz 11 reentry depressurisation
Takao Doi —STS-87,STS-123Matthew Dominick —SpaceX Crew-8B. Alvin Drew —STS-118,STS-133Pyotr Dubrov —Soyuz MS-18,Soyuz MS-19Brian Duffy —STS-45,STS-57,STS-72,STS-92Charles Duke △▲ —Apollo 16Bonnie J. Dunbar —STS-61-A,STS-32,STS-50,STS-71,STS-89 Alexander Dunlap — APS STS-90Pedro Duque —STS-95,Soyuz TMA-3/2Samuel T. Durrance (1943–2023) —STS-35,STS-67James Dutton —STS-131Lev Dyomin (1926–1998) —Soyuz 15Tracy Caldwell Dyson —STS-118,Soyuz TMA-18,Soyuz MS-25Vladimir Dzhanibekov —Soyuz 27/26,Soyuz 39,Soyuz T-6,Soyuz T-12,Soyuz T-13Joe Edwards —STS-89Donn F. Eisele (1930–1987) —Apollo 7Anthony W. England —STS-51-FJoe H. Engle (1932–2024) —X-15 flights 138, 143, and 153,STS-2,STS-51-IJeanette J. Epps —SpaceX Crew-8Ronald Evans (1933–1990) △ —Apollo 17
Reinhold Ewald —Soyuz TM-25/24Léopold Eyharts, EAC —Soyuz TM-27/26,STS-122/123/Eiman Jahangir—Sub-orbital spaceflightJohn Fabian —STS-7,STS-51-G
Muhammed Faris —Soyuz TM-3/2
Bertalan Farkas —Soyuz 36/35Jean-Jacques Favier —STS-78Andrey Fedyaev —SpaceX Crew-6Fei Junlong —Shenzhou 6,Shenzhou 15Konstantin Feoktistov (1926–2009) —Voskhod 1Christopher Ferguson —STS-115,STS-126,STS-135Martin J. Fettman —STS-58Andrew J. Feustel —STS-125,STS-134,Soyuz MS-08Anatoly Filipchenko —Soyuz 7,Soyuz 16Michael Fincke —Soyuz TMA-4,Soyuz TMA-13,STS-134,SpaceX Crew-11John L. Finley (1935–2006) — No flights. Trained for theMOL program.Jack D. Fischer —Soyuz MS-04Anna Lee Fisher, M.D. —STS-51-AWilliam Frederick Fisher, M.D. —STS-51-IKlaus-Dietrich Flade —Soyuz TM-14/13
Michael Foale —STS-45,STS-56,STS-63,STS-84/86,STS-103,Soyuz TMA-3Kevin A. Ford —STS-128,Soyuz TMA-06MMichael Foreman —STS-123,STS-129Patrick Forrester —STS-105,STS-117,STS-128Michael Fossum —STS-121,STS-124,Soyuz TMA-02MTed Freeman (1930–1964) — No flightsStephen Frick —STS-110,STS-122Dirk Frimout —STS-45
Christer Fuglesang —STS-116,STS-128Gordon Fullerton (1936–2013) —STS-3,STS-51-FReinhard Furrer (1940–1995) —STS-61-ASatoshi Furukawa —Soyuz TMA-02M,SpaceX Crew-7F. Drew Gaffney, M.D. —STS-40Yuri Gagarin (1934–1968)† —Vostok 1. First person in space. Died in a training flight.Ronald Garan —STS-124,Soyuz TMA-21Dale Gardner (1948–2014) —STS-8,STS-51-AGuy Gardner —STS-27,STS-35Sara García Alonso — No flights.2022 ESA Astronaut group.Marc Garneau —STS-41-G,STS-77,STS-97Owen Garriott (1930–2019) —Skylab 3,STS-9Charles Gemar —STS-38,STS-48,STS-62Michael Gernhardt —STS-69,STS-83,STS-94,STS-104Alexander Gerst —Soyuz TMA-13M,Soyuz MS-09
Alper Gezeravcı —Axiom Mission 3Edward Gibson —Skylab 4Robert L. Gibson —STS-41-B,STS-61-C,STS-27,STS-47,STS-71Yuri Gidzenko —Soyuz TM-22,Soyuz TM-31/STS-102,Soyuz TM-34/Soyuz TM-33Sarah Gillis —Polaris DawnEd Givens (1930–1967) — No flights. NASA group 5.Yuri Glazkov (1939–2008) —Soyuz 24John Glenn (1921–2016) —Mercury 6,STS-95Victor Glover —SpaceX Crew-1Linda Godwin —STS-37,STS-59,STS-76,STS-108Michael T. Good —STS-125,STS-132Viktor Gorbatko —Soyuz 7,Soyuz 24,Soyuz 37/36Aleksandr Gorbunov —SpaceX Crew-9Richard Gordon (1929–2017) △ —Gemini 11,Apollo 12Dominic Gorie —STS-91,STS-99,STS-108,STS-123Ronald Grabe —STS-51-J,STS-30,STS-42,STS-57Duane Graveline, M.D. (1931–2016) — No flightsAlexander Grebenkin —SpaceX Crew-8Georgi Grechko (1931–2017) —Soyuz 17,Soyuz 26/27,Soyuz T-14/13Frederick Gregory —STS-51-B,STS-33,STS-44William Gregory —STS-67David Griggs (1939–1989) —STS-51-DVirgil I. "Gus" Grissom (1926–1967) † —Mercury-Redstone 4,Gemini 3. Died in theApollo 1 fire accident.John Grunsfeld —STS-67,STS-81,STS-103,STS-109,STS-125Aleksei Gubarev —Soyuz 17,Soyuz 28Gui Haichao —Shenzhou 16Umberto Guidoni —STS-75,STS-100
Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa —Soyuz 39Sidney Gutierrez —STS-40,STS-59Chris Hadfield —STS-74,STS-100,Expedition 34,Expedition 35,Soyuz TMA-07MNick Hague —Soyuz MS-10,Soyuz MS-12,SpaceX Crew-9Claudie Haigneré, EAC —Soyuz TM-24/23,Soyuz TM-33/32Jean-Pierre Haigneré, EAC —Soyuz TM-17/16,Soyuz TM-29Fred Haise △ —Apollo 13James Halsell —STS-65,STS-74,STS-83,STS-94,STS-101Kenneth Ham —STS-124,STS-132Christina Hammock Koch —Soyuz MS-12/Soyuz MS-13 (Expedition 59/60/61). A member of the first all-female EVA team.Lloyd Hammond —STS-39,STS-64Jeremy Hansen — No flightsGregory Harbaugh —STS-39,STS-54,STS-71,STS-82Bernard A. Harris Jr. —STS-55,STS-63Terry Hart —STS-41-CHenry Hartsfield (1933–2014) —STS-4,STS-41-D,STS-61-AFrederick Hauck —STS-7,STS-51-A,STS-26Steven Hawley —STS-41-D,STS-61-C,STS-31,STS-82,STS-93Susan Helms —STS-54,STS-64,STS-78,STS-101,STS-102/105Karl Henize (1926–1993) —STS-51-FThomas Hennen —STS-44Terence Henricks —STS-44,STS-55,STS-70,STS-78
Mirosław Hermaszewski —Soyuz 30José M. Hernández —STS-128John Herrington —STS-113Richard Hieb —STS-39,STS-49,STS-65Joan Higginbotham —STS-116David Hilmers —STS-51-J,STS-26,STS-36,STS-42Robert Hines —SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)Kathryn Hire —STS-90,STS-130Charles Hobaugh —STS-104,STS-118,STS-129Warren Hoburg —SpaceX Crew-6Jeffrey Hoffman —STS-51-D,STS-35,STS-46,STS-61,STS-75Donald Holmquest, M.D. — No flightsMichael S. Hopkins —Soyuz TMA-10M,SpaceX Crew-1Scott Horowitz —STS-75,STS-82,STS-101,STS-105Akihiko Hoshide —STS-124,Soyuz TMA-05M,SpaceX Crew-2Millie Hughes-Fulford —STS-40Douglas G. Hurley —STS-127,STS-135,Crew Dragon Demo-2Rick Husband (1957–2003) † —STS-96. Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107).James Irwin (1930–1991) △▲ —Apollo 15Aleksandr Ivanchenkov —Soyuz 29/31Anatoli Ivanishin —Soyuz TMA-22,Soyuz MS-01,Soyuz MS-16Georgi Ivanov —Soyuz 33Marsha Ivins —STS-32,STS-46,STS-62,STS-81,STS-98Jared Isaacman —Inspiration4,Polaris Dawn
Sigmund Jähn (1937–2019) —Soyuz 31/29 Jameel Janjua —Galactic 07Mae Jemison, M.D. —STS-47Tamara E. Jernigan —STS-40,STS-52,STS-67,STS-80,STS-96Brent W. Jett Jr. —STS-72,STS-81,STS-97,STS-115Jing Haipeng —Shenzhou 7,Shenzhou 9,Shenzhou 11,Shenzhou 16Jiang Xinlin —Shenzhou 17Gregory C. Johnson —STS-125Gregory H. Johnson —STS-123,STS-134Thomas D. Jones —STS-59,STS-68,STS-80,STS-98Zenon Jankowski —Soyuz 30 Backup
Leonid Kadeniuk (1951–2018) —STS-87Alexander Kaleri —Soyuz TM-14,Soyuz TM-24,Soyuz TM-30,Soyuz TMA-3,Soyuz TMA-01MNorishige Kanai —Soyuz MS-07Janet L. Kavandi —STS-91,STS-99,STS-104Tibor Kapu —Axiom Mission 4James M. Kelly —STS-102,STS-114Mark Kelly —STS-108,STS-121,STS-124,STS-134Scott Kelly —STS-103,STS-118,Soyuz TMA-01M,Soyuz TMA-16M/18MJoseph Kerwin, M.D. —Skylab 2Yevgeny Khrunov (1933–2000) —Soyuz 5/4Anna Kikina —SpaceX Crew-5Jonny Kim —Soyuz MS-27Robert S. Kimbrough —STS-126,Soyuz MS-02,SpaceX Crew-2.Leonid Kizim (1941–2010) —Soyuz T-3,Soyuz T-10/11,Soyuz T-15Petr Klimuk —Soyuz 13,Soyuz 18,Soyuz 30Pete Knight (1929–2004) —X-15 flight 190Pyotr Kolodin — No flights, backup for several missions.Vladimir Komarov (1927–1967) † —Voskhod 1. Died duringSoyuz 1 reentry crash.Yelena Kondakova —Soyuz TM-20/STS-84Dmitri Kondratyev —Soyuz TMA-20Oleg Kononenko —Soyuz TMA-12,Soyuz TMA-03M,Soyuz TMA-17M,Soyuz MS-11,Soyuz MS-24/MS-25Timothy L. Kopra —STS-127/128,Soyuz TMA-19MMikhail Korniyenko —Soyuz TMA-18,Soyuz TMA-16M/18MSergey Korsakov —Soyuz MS-21Valery Korzun —Soyuz TM-24,STS-111/113Oleg Kotov —Soyuz TMA-10,Soyuz TMA-17,Soyuz TMA-10MVladimir Kovalyonok —Soyuz 25,Soyuz 29/31,Soyuz T-4Konstantin Kozeyev —Soyuz TM-33/32Kevin Kregel —STS-70,STS-78,STS-87,STS-99Sergei Krikalev —Soyuz TM-7,Soyuz TM-12/Soyuz TM-13,STS-60,STS-88,Soyuz TM-31/STS-102,Soyuz TMA-6Valeri Kubasov (1935–2019) —Soyuz 6,Soyuz 19,Soyuz 36/35Sergey Kud-Sverchkov —Soyuz MS-17
André Kuipers —Soyuz TMA-4/3,Soyuz TMA-03MRobb Kulin — No flights. Resigned as an astronaut candidate in 2018.Kelly Latimer —Galactic 02,Galactic 04,Galactic 05Aleksandr Laveykin —Soyuz TM-2Robert Lawrence (1935–1967) — No flights. Trained forMOL program.Wendy Lawrence —STS-67,STS-86,STS-91,STS-114Vasili Lazarev (1928–1990) —Soyuz 12,Soyuz 18aAleksandr Lazutkin —Soyuz TM-25Valentin Lebedev —Soyuz 13,Soyuz T-5/7Mark C. Lee —STS-30,STS-47,STS-64,STS-82David Leestma —STS-41-G,STS-28,STS-45William B. Lenoir (1939–2010) —STS-5Alexei Leonov (1934–2019) —Voskhod 2,Soyuz 19. First space walk.Frederick W. Leslie —STS-73Anatoli Levchenko (1941–1988) —Soyuz TM-4/3Byron Lichtenberg —STS-9,STS-45Don Lind —STS-51-BKjell N. Lindgren —Soyuz TMA-17M,SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)Steven Lindsey —STS-87,STS-95,STS-104,STS-121,STS-133Jerry Linenger —STS-64,STS-81/84Song Lingdong —Shenzhou 19Richard Linnehan —STS-78,STS-90,STS-109,STS-123Gregory Linteris —STS-83,STS-94Li Cong —Shenzhou 18Li Guangsu —Shenzhou 18Liu Boming —Shenzhou 7,Shenzhou 12Liu Wang —Shenzhou 9Liu Yang —Shenzhou 9,Shenzhou 14Anthony Llewellyn — No flightsPaul Lockhart —STS-111,STS-113Yuri Lonchakov —STS-100,Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34,Soyuz TMA-13Michael Lopez-Alegria —STS-73,STS-92,STS-113,Soyuz TMA-9,Axiom Mission 1,Axiom Mission 3Christopher Loria — No flightsJohn Lounge —STS-51-I,STS-26,STS-35Jack Lousma —Skylab 3,STS-3Stanley G. Love —STS-122Jim Lovell △ —Gemini 7,Gemini 12,Apollo 8,Apollo 13G. David Low (1956–2008) —STS-32,STS-43,STS-57Edward Lu —STS-84,STS-106,Soyuz TMA-2Shannon Lucid —STS-51-G,STS-34,STS-43,STS-58,STS-76/79.Vladimir Lyakhov —Soyuz 32/34,Soyuz T-9,Soyuz TM-6/5David Mackay —VSS Unity VF-01Steven MacLean —STS-52,STS-115Sandra Magnus —STS-112,STS-126/119,STS-135Oleg Makarov (1933–2003) —Soyuz 12,Soyuz 18a,Soyuz 27/26,Soyuz T-3Yuri Malenchenko —Soyuz TM-19,STS-106,Soyuz TMA-2,Soyuz TMA-11,Soyuz TMA-05M,Soyuz TMA-19MFranco Malerba —STS-46Ravish Malhotra — No flights. India's backup cosmonaut for theIntercosmos program.Yuri Malyshev (1941–1999) —Soyuz T-2,Soyuz T-11/10Gennadi Manakov —Soyuz TM-10,Soyuz TM-16
Musa Manarov —Soyuz TM-4/6,Soyuz TM-11Nicole Aunapu Mann —SpaceX Crew-5
Hazza Al Mansouri —Soyuz MS-15/MS-12Thomas Marshburn, M.D. —STS-127,Soyuz TMA-07M,SpaceX Crew-3Michael Massimino —STS-109,STS-125Richard Mastracchio —STS-106,STS-118,STS-131,Soyuz TMA-11MDenis Matveev —Soyuz MS-21Matthias Maurer —SpaceX Crew-3Michael Masucci —VSS Unity VF-01,Virgin Galactic Unity 22,Virgin Galactic Unity 25,Galactic 01,Galactic 03,Galactic 05Thomas Kenneth "Ken" Mattingly II (1936–2023) △ —Apollo 16,STS-4,STS-51-C.K. Megan McArthur —STS-125,SpaceX Crew-2William S. McArthur —STS-58,STS-74,STS-92,Soyuz TMA-7Christa McAuliffe (1948–1986)† — Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegrationJon McBride —STS-41-GBruce McCandless II (1937–2017) —STS-41-B,STS-31Anne McClain —Soyuz MS-11,SpaceX Crew-10William C. McCool (1961–2003) † — Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)Michael J. McCulley —STS-34John B. McKay (1922–1975) —X-15 Flight 150 (awarded posthumously). Died from long-term complications of the Flight 74 accident in 1962.James McDivitt (1929–2022) —Gemini 4,Apollo 9Donald McMonagle —STS-39,STS-54,STS-66Ronald McNair (1950–1986) † —STS-41-B. Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).Carl Meade —STS-38,STS-50,STS-64Jessica Meir —Soyuz MS-15 (Expedition 61/62). A member of the first all-female EVA team.Bruce Melnick —STS-41,STS-49Pamela Melroy —STS-92,STS-112,STS-120Mike Melvill —SpaceShipOne flight 15P and16PLeland D. Melvin —STS-122,STS-129Ulf Merbold —STS-9,STS-42,Soyuz TM-20/19Ernst Messerschmid —STS-61-ADorothy M. Metcalf-Lindenburger —STS-131Anna Menon —Polaris DawnCurt Michel (1934–2015) — No flightsAleksandr Misurkin —Soyuz TMA-08M,Soyuz MS-06,Soyuz MS-20Edgar Mitchell (1930–2016) △▲ —Apollo 14
Andreas Mogensen —Soyuz TMA-18M,SpaceX Crew-7Jasmin Moghbeli —SpaceX Crew-7
Abdul Ahad Mohmand —Soyuz TM-6/5Mamoru Mohri —STS-47,STS-99Andrew R. Morgan —Soyuz MS-13/MS-15Barbara Morgan —STS-118Lee Morin —STS-110Boris Morukov (1950–2015) —STS-106Beth Moses —VSS Unity VF-01Chiaki Mukai, M.D. —STS-65,STS-95Richard Mullane —STS-41-D,STS-27,STS-36Talgat Musabayev —Soyuz TM-19,Soyuz TM-27,Soyuz TM-32/31Story Musgrave, M.D. —STS-6,STS-51-F,STS-33,STS-44,STS-61,STS-80Steven R. Nagel (1946–2014) —STS-51-G,STS-61-A,STS-37,STS-55George Nelson —STS-41-C,STS-61-C,STS-26Grigori Nelyubov (1934–1966) — No flights. Vostok backup.
Rodolfo Neri Vela —STS-61-BPaolo A. Nespoli —STS-120,Soyuz TMA-20,Soyuz MS-05James H. Newman —STS-51,STS-69,STS-88,STS-109Sultan Al Neyadi —SpaceX Crew-6
Claude Nicollier —STS-46,STS-61,STS-75,STS-103Nie Haisheng —Shenzhou 6,Shenzhou 10,Shenzhou 12Andriyan Nikolayev (1929–2004) —Vostok 3,Soyuz 9Soichi Noguchi —STS-114,Soyuz TMA-17,SpaceX Crew-1
Carlos I. Noriega —STS-84,STS-97Oleg Novitskiy —Soyuz TMA-06M,Soyuz MS-03,Soyuz MS-18,Soyuz MS-25/MS-24Lisa Nowak —STS-121Karen Nyberg —STS-124,Soyuz TMA-09MBryan O'Connor —STS-61-B,STS-40Ellen Ochoa —STS-56,STS-66,STS-96,STS-110Wubbo Ockels (1946–2014) —STS-61-AWilliam Oefelein —STS-116Loral O'Hara —Soyuz MS-24Brian O'Leary (1940–2011) — No flightsJohn D. Olivas —STS-117,STS-128Takuya Onishi —Soyuz MS-01,Expedition 48/49,SpaceX Crew-10Ellison Onizuka (1946–1986) † —STS-51-C. Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).Yuri Onufrienko —Soyuz TM-23,STS-108/111Stephen Oswald —STS-42,STS-56,STS-67Aleksey Ovchinin —Soyuz TMA-20M,Soyuz MS-10,Soyuz MS-12,Soyuz MS-26Robert Overmyer (1936–1996) —STS-5,STS-51-BGennady Padalka —Soyuz TM-28,Soyuz TMA-4,Soyuz TMA-14,Soyuz TMA-04M,Soyuz TMA-16MWilliam Pailes —STS-51-JScott Parazynski, M.D. —STS-66,STS-86,STS-95,STS-100,STS-120Ronald A. Parise (1951–2008) —STS-35,STS-67Robert Parker —STS-9,STS-35Luca Parmitano —Soyuz TMA-09M,Soyuz MS-13Nicholas Patrick —STS-116,STS-130Viktor Patsayev (1933–1971) † — Died in theSoyuz 11 reentry depressurisation.James Pawelczyk —STS-90Julie Payette —STS-96,STS-127Gary Payton —STS-51-CTimothy Peake —Soyuz TMA-19MNicola Pecile --Galactic 01,Galactic 03,Galactic 06,Galactic 07Philippe Perrin, EAC —STS-111Kirill Peskov —SpaceX Crew-10Thomas Pesquet —Soyuz MS-03,SpaceX Crew-2Donald Peterson —STS-6Dmitry Petelin —Soyuz MS-22/MS-23Donald Pettit —STS-113/Soyuz TMA-1,STS-126,Soyuz TMA-03M,Soyuz MS-26John Phillips —STS-100,Soyuz TMA-6,STS-119Oleg Platonov —SpaceX Crew-11William Pogue (1930–2014) —Skylab 4Alan G. Poindexter (1961–2012) —STS-122,STS-131Mark Polansky —STS-98,STS-116,STS-127Alexander Poleshchuk —Soyuz TM-16Valeri Polyakov, M.D. (1942–2022) —Soyuz TM-6/7,Soyuz TM-18/20
Marcos Pontes —Soyuz TMA-8Leonid Popov —Soyuz 35/37,Soyuz 40,Soyuz T-7/5Pavel Popovich (1930–2009) —Vostok 4,Soyuz 14Scott Poteet —Polaris DawnCharles Precourt —STS-55,STS-71,STS-84,STS-91Sian Proctor —Inspiration4Sergey Prokopyev —Soyuz MS-09,Soyuz MS-22/MS-23
Dumitru Prunariu —Soyuz 40
Ilan Ramon (1954–2003)† — Died in theColumbia reentry disintegration (STS-107)William Readdy —STS-42,STS-51,STS-79Kenneth Reightler —STS-48,STS-60James F. Reilly —STS-89,STS-104,STS-117Garrett Reisman —STS-123/124,STS-132Thomas Reiter —Soyuz TM-22,STS-121/116Expedition 13
Vladimír Remek —Soyuz 28Judith Resnik (1949–1986)† —STS-41D. Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L)Sergei Revin —Soyuz TMA-04MPaul W. Richards —STS-102Richard N. Richards —STS-28,STS-41,STS-50,STS-64Sally Ride (1951–2012) —STS-7,STS-41-G. First American woman in space.Patricia Robertson, M.D. (1963–2001) — No flightsStephen Robinson —STS-85,STS-95,STS-114,STS-130Russell L. Rogers (1928–1967) — No flights. Assigned to theDyna Soar project.Roman Romanenko —Soyuz TMA-15Soyuz TMA-07MYuri Romanenko —Soyuz 26/27,Soyuz 38,Soyuz TM-2/3Kent Rominger —STS-73,STS-80,STS-85,STS-96,STS-100Stuart Roosa (1933–1994) △ —Apollo 14Jerry L. Ross —STS-61-B,STS-27,STS-37,STS-55,STS-74,STS-88,STS-110Valery Rozhdestvensky —Soyuz 23Kathleen Rubins —Soyuz MS-01, ISSExpedition 48,Expedition 49,Soyuz MS-17Francisco Rubio —Soyuz MS-22/MS-23Nikolay Rukavishnikov (1932–2002) —Soyuz 10,Soyuz 16,Soyuz 33Mario Runco Jr. —STS-44,STS-54,STS-77Sergei Ryazanski —Soyuz TMA-10M,Soyuz MS-05Valery Ryumin (1939–2022) —Soyuz 25,Soyuz 32/34,Soyuz 35/37,STS-91Sergey Ryzhikov —Soyuz MS-02,Soyuz MS-17,Soyuz MS-27Albert Sacco —STS-73David Saint-Jacques —Soyuz MS-11.Aleksandr Samokutyayev —Soyuz TMA-21,Soyuz TMA-14MGennadi Sarafanov (1942–2005) —Soyuz 15Robert Satcher, M.D. —STS-129Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud —STS-51-GViktor Savinykh —Soyuz T-4,Soyuz T-13/14Svetlana Savitskaya —Soyuz T-7/5,Soyuz T-12Wally Schirra (1923–2007) —Mercury 8,Gemini 6A,Apollo 7Hans Schlegel —STS-55,STS-122Harrison Schmitt △▲ —Apollo 17Rusty Schweickart —Apollo 9Dick Scobee (1939–1986) † —STS-41-C. Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L).David Scott △▲ —Gemini 8,Apollo 9,Apollo 15Winston Scott —STS-72,STS-87Paul Scully-Power —STS-41-GRichard Searfoss (1956–2018) —STS-58,STS-76,STS-90Rhea Seddon, M.D. —STS-51-D,STS-40,STS-58Elliot See (1927–1966) — No flightsRonald Sega —STS-60,STS-76Piers Sellers (1955–2016) —STS-112,STS-121,STS-132Christopher Sembroski —Inspiration4Aleksandr Serebrov (1944–2013) —Soyuz T-7/5,Soyuz T-8,Soyuz TM-8,Soyuz TM-17Yelena Serova —Soyuz TMA-14MVitali Sevastyanov (1935–2010) —Soyuz 9,Soyuz 18Doug Shane —Commercial astronaut,SpaceShipOne 2003Yuri Shargin —Soyuz TMA-5/4Salizhan Sharipov —STS-89,Soyuz TMA-5Rakesh Sharma —Soyuz T-11/10Helen Sharman —Soyuz TM-12,Soyuz TM-11Vladimir Shatalov (1927–2021) —Soyuz 4,Soyuz 8,Soyuz 10Brewster Shaw —STS-9,STS-61-B,STS-28Alan Shepard △▲ (1923–1998) —Mercury-Redstone 3,Apollo 14. First American in space.William Shepherd —STS-27,STS-41,STS-52,Soyuz TM-31/STS-102Anton Shkaplerov —Soyuz TMA-22,Soyuz TMA-15M,Soyuz MS-07,Soyuz MS-19Georgi Shonin (1935–1997) —Soyuz 6Loren Shriver —STS-51-C,STS-31,STS-46Shubhanshu Shukla —Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4)
Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, M.D. —Soyuz TMA-11/10Peter Siebold —Commercial astronaut,SpaceShipOne 2003Oleg Skripochka —Soyuz TMA-01M,Soyuz TMA-20M,Soyuz MS-15Aleksandr Skvortsov —Soyuz TMA-18,Soyuz TMA-12M,Soyuz MS-13Donald "Deke" Slayton (1924–1993) —Apollo–Soyuz Test ProjectMichael J. Smith (1945–1986) † — Died in theChallenger liftoff disintegration (STS-51L)Steven Smith —STS-68,STS-82,STS-103,STS-110Anatoly Solovyev —Soyuz TM-5/4,Soyuz TM-9,Soyuz TM-15,STS-71/Soyuz TM-21,Soyuz TM-26Vladimir Solovyov —Soyuz T-10/11,Soyuz T-15Sherwood Spring —STS-61-BRobert Springer —STS-29,STS-38Thomas Patten Stafford △ —Gemini 6A,Gemini 9A,Apollo 10,Apollo–Soyuz Test ProjectHeidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper —STS-115,STS-126Robert Stewart —STS-41-B,STS-51-JEytan Stibbe —Axiom Mission 1Susan Still Kilrain —STS-83,STS-94Nicole Marie Passonno Stott —STS-128,STS-133Krasimir Stoyanov-Soyuz TM-5 — No flights.Gennady Strekalov (1940–2004) —Soyuz T-3,Soyuz T-8,Soyuz T-11/10,Soyuz TM-10,Soyuz TM-21/STS-71Mark Stucky —VSS Unity VP-03Frederick Sturckow —STS-88,STS-105,STS-117,STS-128,VSSUnity VP-03,Unity 21,Unity 25,Galactic 02,Galactic 04,Galactic 06Kathryn Sullivan, —STS-41-G,STS-31,STS-45Maksim Surayev —Soyuz TMA-16,Soyuz TMA-13MSteven Swanson —STS-117,STS-119,Soyuz TMA-12MJohn "Jack" Swigert (1931–1982) △ —Apollo 13
Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez —Soyuz 38Akiyama Toyohiro —Soyuz TM-11Daniel Tani —STS-108,STS-120/122Joseph Tanner —STS-66,STS-82,STS-97,STS-115Evgeny Tarelkin —Soyuz TMA-06MJames M. Taylor (1930–1970) — No flights. Assigned toMOL project.Valentina Tereshkova —Vostok 6. First woman in space.Norman Thagard, M.D. —STS-7,STS-51-B,STS-30,STS-42,Soyuz TM-21/STS-71Gerhard Thiele —STS-99Robert Thirsk, M.D. —STS-78,Soyuz TMA-15Andrew Thomas —STS-77,STS-89/91,STS-102,STS-114Donald Thomas —STS-65,STS-70,STS-83,STS-94Stephen Thorne (1953–1986) — No flights. Died in a stunt plane accident before completing training.Kathryn Thornton —STS-33,STS-49,STS-61,STS-73William E. Thornton, M.D. (1929–2021) —STS-8,STS-51-BPierre Thuot —STS-36,STS-49,STS-62Gherman Titov (1935–2000) —Vostok 2Vladimir Titov —Soyuz T-8,Soyuz TM-4/6,STS-63,STS-86Tang Hongbo —Shenzhou 12,Shenzhou 17Tang Shengjie —Shenzhou 17Scott D. Tingle —Soyuz MS-07Michel Tognini, EAC —Soyuz TM-15/14,STS-93Valery Tokarev —STS-96,Soyuz TMA-7Sergei Treshchov —STS-111/113Eugene Trinh —STS-50Richard Truly (1937–2024) —STS-2,STS-8
Bjarni Tryggvason (1945–2022) —STS-85Vasili Tsibliyev —Soyuz TM-17,Soyuz TM-25
Phạm Tuân —Soyuz 37/36Mikhail Tyurin —STS-105/108,Soyuz TMA-9,Soyuz TMA-11MYuri Usachov —Soyuz TM-18,Soyuz TM-23,STS-101,STS-102/STS-105Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski —Axiom Mission 4Lodewijk van den Berg (1932–2022) —STS-51-BJames "Ox" van Hoften —STS-41-C,STS-51-IMark Vande Hei —Soyuz MS-06,Soyuz MS-18,Soyuz MS-19Ivan Vagner —Soyuz MS-16,Soyuz MS-26Vladimir Vasyutin (1952–2002) —Soyuz T-14Charles Veach (1944–1995) —STS-39,STS-52
Franz Viehböck —Soyuz TM-13/12Alexander Viktorenko —Soyuz TM-3/2,Soyuz TM-8,Soyuz TM-14,Soyuz TM-20Pavel Vinogradov —Soyuz TM-26,Soyuz TMA-8,Soyuz TMA-08MTerry Virts —STS-130,Soyuz TMA-15MRoberto Vittori —Soyuz 34/33,Soyuz TMA-6/5,STS-134Igor Volk —Soyuz T-12Alexander Volkov —Soyuz T-14,Soyuz TM-7,Soyuz TM-13Sergey Volkov —Soyuz TMA-12,Soyuz TMA-02M,Soyuz TMA-18MVladislav Volkov (1935–1971) † —Soyuz 7. Died in theSoyuz 11 reentry depressurisation.Boris Volynov —Soyuz 5,Soyuz 21James Voss —STS-44,STS-53,STS-69,STS-101,STS-102/105Janice Voss (1956–2012) —STS-57,STS-63,STS-83,STS-94,STS-99Koichi Wakata —STS-72,STS-92,STS-119/127,Soyuz TMA-11M,SpaceX Crew-5Rex Walheim —STS-110,STS-122,STS-135Charles D. Walker —STS-41-D,STS-51-D,STS-61-BDavid M. Walker (1944–2001) —STS-51-A,STS-30,STS-53,STS-69Joseph A. Walker (1921–1966) —X-15 flights 77,90,91Shannon Walker —Soyuz TMA-19,SpaceX Crew-1Ulrich Walter —STS-55Walter Villadei —Axiom Mission 3Carl Walz —STS-51,STS-65,STS-79,STS-108/111/
Marcus Wandt —Axiom Mission 3; fastest-trained astronaut in history after selection to fly into orbitWang Haoze —Shenzhou 19Wang Jie —Shenzhou 20Taylor Wang —STS-51-BWang Yaping —Shenzhou 10,Shenzhou 13Jessica Watkins —SpaceX Crew-4 (2022)Mary Weber —STS-70,STS-101Paul Weitz (1932–2017) —Skylab 2,STS-6James Wetherbee —STS-32,STS-52,STS-63,STS-86,STS-102,STS-113Douglas Wheelock —STS-120,Soyuz TMA-19Ed White (1930–1967) † —Gemini 4. Died in theApollo 1 fire accident.Robert Michael White (1924–2010) —X-15 flight 62Peggy Whitson —STS-111/113,Soyuz TMA-11,Soyuz MS-03/MS-04,Axiom Mission 2,Axiom mission 4Terrence Wilcutt —STS-68,STS-79,STS-89,STS-106Clifton "C.C." Williams (1932–1967) † — No flights. Died in a plane crash during training.Dafydd Williams, M.D. —STS-90,STS-118Donald Williams (1942–2016) —STS-51-D,STS-34Jeffrey Williams —STS-101,Soyuz TMA-8,Soyuz TMA-16,Soyuz TMA-20MSunita "Suni" Williams —STS-116/117,Soyuz TMA-05M,Boeing CFT/SpaceX Crew-9Barry Wilmore —STS-129,Soyuz TMA-14M,Boeing CFT/SpaceX Crew-9Stephanie Wilson —STS-121,STS-120,STS-131Gregory R. Wiseman —Soyuz TMA-13MPeter Wisoff —STS-57,STS-68,STS-81,STS-92David Wolf, M.D. —STS-58,STS-86/89,STS-112,STS-127Neil Woodward — No flightsAlfred Worden (1932–2020) △ —Apollo 15Naoko Yamazaki —STS-131Yang Liwei —Shenzhou 5Ye Guangfu —Shenzhou 13,Shenzhou 18Boris Yegorov, M.D. (1937–1994) —Voskhod 1Aleksei Yeliseyev —Soyuz 5/4,Soyuz 8,Soyuz 10
Yi So-yeon —Soyuz TMA-12/11John Young (1930–2018) △▲ —Gemini 3,Gemini 10,Apollo 10,Apollo 16,STS-1,STS-9Kimiya Yui —Soyuz TMA-17M,SpaceX Crew-11Fyodor Yurchikhin —STS-112,Soyuz TMA-10,Soyuz TMA-19,Soyuz TMA-09M,Soyuz MS-04Sergei Zalyotin —Soyuz TM-30,Soyuz TMA-1/TM-34George D. Zamka —STS-120,STS-130Zhai Zhigang —Shenzhou 7,Shenzhou 13Zhang Lu —Shenzhou 15Zhang Xiaoguang —Shenzhou 10Vitaliy Zholobov —Soyuz 21Zhu Yangzhu —Shenzhou 16Alexey Zubritsky —Soyuz MS-27Vyacheslav Zudov —Soyuz 23
