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List of U.S. states and territories by population

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(Redirected fromList of U.S. states by population)

Resident population of eachU.S. state, theDistrict of Columbia, andPuerto Rico in 2024 according to theU.S. Census Bureau
Average annual population growth rate in eachU.S. state, theDistrict of Columbia, andPuerto Rico between 2020 and 2022 according to theU.S. Census Bureau[needs update]

Thestates and territories included in theUnited States Census Bureau's statistics for the United States population, ethnicity, and most other categories include the50 states andWashington, D.C. Separate statistics are maintained for the five permanently inhabitedterritories of the United States:Puerto Rico,Guam, theU.S. Virgin Islands,American Samoa, and theNorthern Mariana Islands.[1]

As of April 1, 2020, the date of the2020 United States census, the nine most populousU.S. states contain slightly more than half of the total population. The 25 least populous states contain less than one-sixth of the total population.California, the most populous state, contains more people than the 21 least populous states combined, andWyoming, the least populous state, has a population less than any of the 31most populous U.S. cities.

Method

[edit]

TheUnited States Census counts the persons residing in theUnited States includingcitizens, non-citizenpermanent residents and non-citizen long-term visitors.[2] Civilian and military federal employees serving abroad and their dependents are counted in their home state.[3]

Electoral apportionment

[edit]

Every 10 years, theU.S. Census Bureau is charged with making an actual count of all residents by state and territory. The accuracy of this count is then tested after the fact, and sometimes statistically significant undercounts or overcounts occur. For example, for the2020 decennial census, 14 states had significant miscounts ranging from 1.5% to 6.6%. While these adjustments may be reflected in government programs over the following decade, the 10-year representative apportionments discussed below are not changed to reflect the miscount.[4]

House of Representatives

[edit]

Based on this decennial census, each state is allocated a portion of the 435 fixed seats in theUnited States House of Representatives (until the early 20th century, the apportionment process generally increased the size of the House based on the results of the census until the size of the House was capped by theReapportionment Act of 1929), with each state guaranteed at least one Representative. Theallocation is based on each state's proportion of the combined population of thefifty states (not including theDistrict of Columbia,Guam,American Samoa, theNorthern Mariana Islands,Puerto Rico, or theU.S. Virgin Islands).

Electoral College

[edit]

TheElectoral College, every four years, elects thePresident andVice President of the United States based on the popular vote in each state and the District of Columbia. Each state's number of votes in the Electoral College is equal to its number of members in the Senate plus members in the House of Representatives.[5]

TheTwenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution additionally grants the District of Columbia (D.C.), which is not a state, as many Electoral College votes as it would have if itwere a state, while having no more votes than the least populous state (Wyoming). Since the U.S. Constitution guarantees every state at least one member of the U.S. House of Representatives and two members of the U.S. Senate, every state has at least three Electoral College votes. Thus, the Electoral College has 538 members (100senators, plus 435 representatives due to the limit imposed by the Reapportionment Act of 1929, plus 3 members for the District of Columbia).[5]Territories of the United States are not included in the Electoral College: people in those territories cannot vote directly for the President of the United States,[6] although they may participate in the partisan nominating primaries and caucuses.[7]

State and territory rankings

[edit]
U.S. states and territories by population
State or territoryCensus population[8][9][a]Change,
2010–2020[9][a]
Pop. per
seat
(2020)
[a]
July 1, 2024 (est.)April 1, 2020%Abs.Seats%
California39,431,26339,538,2236.13%2,284,2675211.95%732,189760,35011.800%10.04%
Texas31,290,83129,145,50515.91%3,999,944388.74%728,638766,9878.698%7.43%
Florida23,372,21521,538,18714.56%2,736,877286.44%717,940769,2216.428%5.58%
New York19,867,24820,201,2494.25%823,147265.98%721,473776,9716.029%5.20%
Pennsylvania13,078,75113,002,7002.36%300,321173.91%684,353764,8653.881%3.53%
Illinois12,710,15812,812,508−0.14%−18,124173.91%674,343753,6773.824%3.53%
Ohio11,883,30411,799,4482.28%262,944153.45%694,085786,6303.521%3.16%
Georgia11,180,87810,711,90810.57%1,024,255143.22%669,494765,1363.197%2.97%
North Carolina11,046,02410,439,3889.48%903,905143.22%652,462745,6713.116%2.97%
Michigan10,140,45910,077,3311.96%193,691132.99%671,822775,1793.008%2.79%
New Jersey9,500,8519,288,9945.65%497,100122.76%663,500774,0832.772%2.60%
Virginia8,868,8968,631,3937.88%630,369112.53%663,953784,6722.576%2.42%
Washington7,958,1807,705,28114.58%980,741102.30%642,107770,5282.300%2.23%
Arizona7,582,3847,151,50211.88%759,48592.07%650,137794,6112.134%2.04%
Tennessee7,227,7506,910,8408.90%564,73592.07%628,258767,8712.062%2.04%
Massachusetts7,136,1717,029,9177.37%482,28892.07%639,083781,1022.098%2.04%
Indiana6,924,2756,785,5284.65%301,72692.07%616,866753,9482.025%2.04%
Maryland6,263,2206,177,2246.99%403,67281.84%617,722772,1531.844%1.86%
Missouri6,245,4666,154,9132.77%165,98681.84%615,491769,3641.837%1.86%
Wisconsin5,960,9755,893,7183.64%206,73281.84%589,372736,7151.759%1.86%
Colorado5,957,4935,773,71414.80%744,51881.84%577,371721,7141.723%1.86%
Minnesota5,793,1515,706,4947.59%402,56981.84%570,649713,3121.703%1.86%
South Carolina5,478,8315,118,42510.66%493,06171.61%568,714731,2041.528%1.67%
Alabama5,157,6995,024,2795.12%244,54371.61%558,253717,7541.499%1.67%
Louisiana4,597,7404,657,7572.74%124,38561.38%582,220776,2931.390%1.49%
Kentucky4,588,3724,505,8363.84%166,46961.38%563,230750,9731.345%1.49%
Oregon4,272,3714,237,25610.60%406,18261.38%529,657706,2091.265%1.49%
Oklahoma4,095,3933,959,3535.54%208,00251.15%565,622791,8711.182%1.30%
Connecticut3,675,0693,605,9440.89%31,84751.15%515,135721,1891.076%1.30%
Utah3,503,6133,271,61618.37%507,73140.92%545,269817,9040.976%1.12%
Nevada3,267,4673,104,61414.96%404,06340.92%517,436776,1540.927%1.12%
Iowa3,241,4883,190,3694.73%144,01440.92%531,728797,5920.952%1.12%
Puerto Rico3,203,2953,285,874−11.81%−439,9151*———0.981%—
Arkansas3,088,3543,011,5243.28%95,60640.92%501,921752,8810.899%1.12%
Kansas2,970,6062,937,8802.97%84,76240.92%489,647734,4700.877%1.12%
Mississippi2,943,0452,961,279−0.20%−6,01840.92%493,547740,3200.884%1.12%
New Mexico2,130,2562,117,5222.83%58,34330.69%423,504705,8410.632%0.93%
Nebraska2,005,4651,961,5047.40%135,16330.69%392,301653,8350.585%0.93%
Idaho2,001,6191,839,10617.32%271,52420.46%459,777919,5530.549%0.74%
West Virginia1,712,2781,793,716−3.20%−59,27820.46%448,429896,8580.535%0.74%
Hawaii1,446,1461,455,2716.98%94,97020.46%363,818727,6360.434%0.74%
New Hampshire1,409,0321,377,5294.66%61,05920.46%344,382688,7650.411%0.74%
Maine1,405,0121,362,3592.56%33,99820.46%340,590681,1800.407%0.74%
Montana1,137,2331,084,2259.58%94,81020.46%271,056542,1130.324%0.74%
Rhode Island1,112,3081,097,3794.26%44,81220.46%274,345548,6900.328%0.74%
Delaware1,051,917989,94810.25%92,01410.23%329,983989,9480.295%0.56%
South Dakota924,669886,6678.90%72,48710.23%295,556886,6670.265%0.56%
North Dakota796,568779,09415.83%106,50310.23%259,698779,0940.233%0.56%
Alaska740,133733,3913.26%23,16010.23%244,464733,3910.219%0.56%
District of Columbia702,250689,54514.60%87,8221*—229,848—0.206%0.56%
Vermont648,493643,0772.77%17,33610.23%214,359643,0770.192%0.56%
Wyoming587,618576,8512.35%13,22510.23%192,284576,8510.172%0.56%
Guam[11]N/A153,836−3.47%−5,5221*———0.046%—
U.S. Virgin Islands[12]N/A87,146−18.10%−19,2591*———0.026%—
American Samoa[13]N/A49,710−10.46%−5,8091*———0.015%—
Northern Mariana Islands[14]N/A47,329−12.16%−6,5541*———0.014%—
Contiguous United States337,924,709329,260,6197.36%22,585,613432
(+1*)		99.31%623,600756,92198.265%98.70%
The 50 states339,408,738330,759,7367.34%22,615,921435100%618,242760,36798.713%99.44%
The 50 states and D.C.340,110,988331,449,2817.35%22,703,743435
(+1*)		100%616,077—98.918%100%
Total US and territoriesN/A335,073,1767.10%22,226,684435
(+6*)		100%——100%—

* —non-voting member of the House of Representatives.

  1. ^abcResident population only; does not include overseas population. In 2022, the Census Bureau announced the following undercounts (missed residents) in the 2020 census: Arkansas (−5.04%), Florida (−3.48%), Illinois (−1.97%), Mississippi (−4.11%), Tennessee (−4.78%) and Texas (−1.92%). These were the overcounts: Delaware (+5.45%), Hawaii (+6.79%), Massachusetts (+2.24%), Minnesota (+3.84%), New York (+3.44%), Ohio (+1.49%), Rhode Island (+5.05%) and Utah (+2.59%).[10]
  2. ^Effective from 2022 onward.
  3. ^Effective from the 2022 elections onward. Each state has a number of votes in theElectoral College equal to its number of senators (two) and representatives in the Congress, while D.C. isgranted three electoral votes. The Electoral College is used to elect the President and Vice President of the United States.

Summary of population by region

[edit]
Legend
Division totals – 9 divisions for 50 states and District of Columbia
Region totals – 4 regions (2 or 3 divisions each)
Individual territories
Total U.S. territories
50 states + District of Columbia
Divisions & regions as defined by U.S. Census Bureau
Last col. shows larger region which contains entity in col. 1

Column header abbreviations: # = Rank, Geo. = Geographic

Population of states, territories, divisions and region[15]
State/federal district/territory/
division/region		#2020 pop.#2010 pop.#2000 pop.#2010–
2020
change		Geo.
sort
Massachusetts157,029,917146,547,629136,349,097217.4%NEng
Connecticut293,605,944293,574,097293,405,565470.9%NEng
New Hampshire411,377,529421,316,470411,235,786304.6%NEng
Maine421,362,359411,328,361401,274,923422.6%NEng
Rhode Island431,097,379431,052,567431,048,319314.3%NEng
Vermont49643,07749625,74149608,827402.8%NEng
       New England915,116,205914,444,865913,922,51774.6%NEast
New York420,201,249319,378,102318,976,457324.2%MAtl
Pennsylvania513,002,700612,702,379612,281,054432.4%MAtl
New Jersey119,288,994118,791,89498,414,350255.7%MAtl
       Mid-Atlantic442,492,943440,872,375439,671,86184.0%NEast
       Northeast457,609,148455,317,240453,594,37834.1%USA
Florida321,538,187418,801,310415,982,378814.6%SAtl
Georgia810,711,90899,687,653108,186,4531210.6%SAtl
North Carolina910,439,388109,535,483118,049,313159.5%SAtl
Virginia128,631,393128,001,024127,078,515187.9%SAtl
Maryland186,177,224195,773,552195,296,486227.0%SAtl
South Carolina235,118,425244,625,364264,012,0121010.7%SAtl
West Virginia391,793,716371,852,994371,808,34450−3.2%SAtl
Delaware45989,94845897,93445783,6001310.2%SAtl
District of Columbia–689,545–601,723–572,059–14.6%SAtl
       South Atlantic166,089,734159,777,037151,769,160310.6%South
Tennessee166,910,840176,346,105165,689,283178.9%ESC
Alabama245,024,279234,779,736234,447,100275.1%ESC
Kentucky264,505,836264,339,367254,041,769333.8%ESC
Mississippi342,961,279312,967,297312,844,65849−0.2%ESC
       East South Central819,402,234818,432,505817,022,81065.3%South
Texas229,145,505225,145,561220,851,820315.9%WSC
Louisiana254,657,757254,533,372224,468,976412.7%WSC
Oklahoma283,959,353283,751,351273,450,654265.5%WSC
Arkansas333,011,524322,915,918332,673,400353.3%WSC
       West South Central540,774,139536,346,202531,444,850212.2%South
       South1126,266,1071114,555,7441100,236,820110.2%USA
Illinois612,812,508512,830,632512,419,29348−0.1%ENC
Ohio711,799,448711,536,504711,353,140452.3%ENC
Michigan1010,077,33189,883,64089,938,444462.0%ENC
Indiana176,785,528156,483,802146,080,485294.7%ENC
Wisconsin205,893,718205,686,986185,363,675343.6%ENC
       East North Central347,368,533346,421,564245,155,03792.0%MWest
Missouri196,154,913185,988,927175,595,211392.8%WNC
Minnesota225,706,494215,303,925214,919,479197.6%WNC
Iowa313,190,369303,046,355302,926,324284.7%WNC
Kansas352,937,880332,853,118322,688,418373.0%WNC
Nebraska371,961,504381,826,341381,711,263207.4%WNC
South Dakota46886,66746814,18046754,844168.9%WNC
North Dakota47779,09448672,59147642,200415.8%WNC
       West North Central721,616,921720,505,437619,237,73955.4%MWest
       Midwest368,985,454366,927,001264,392,77643.1%USA
Arizona147,151,502166,392,017205,130,632911.9%Mtn
Colorado215,773,714225,029,196244,301,261614.8%Mtn
Utah303,271,616342,763,885342,233,169118.4%Mtn
Nevada323,104,614352,700,551351,998,257515.0%Mtn
New Mexico362,117,522362,059,179361,819,046382.8%Mtn
Idaho381,839,106391,567,582391,293,953217.3%Mtn
Montana441,084,22544989,41544902,195149.6%Mtn
Wyoming50576,85150563,62650493,782442.3%Mtn
       Mountain624,919,150622,065,451718,172,295112.9%West
California139,538,223137,253,956133,871,648246.1%Pac
Washington137,705,281136,724,540155,894,121714.6%Pac
Oregon274,237,256273,831,074283,421,3991110.6%Pac
Hawaii401,455,271401,360,301421,211,537237.0%Pac
Alaska48733,39147710,23148626,932363.3%Pac
       Pacific253,669,422249,880,102345,025,63747.6%West
       West278,588,572271,945,553363,197,93229.2%USA
50 states and District of Columbia–331,449,281–308,745,538–281,421,906–7.4%NAmer
Puerto Rico13,285,87413,725,78913,808,6103−11.8%I.A.
Guam2153,8362159,3582154,8051−3.5%I.A.
U.S. Virgin Islands387,1463106,4053108,6122−18.1%I.A.
American Samoa449,710455,519557,2914−7.7%I.A.
Northern Mariana Islands547,329553,883469,2215−14.8%I.A.
United States Minor Outlying IslandsU.S. Minor Outlying Islands6[note 1]6[note 2]63166—I.A.
       Island Areas (Territories)–3,623,895–4,100,954–4,198,855–−11.6%USA
State/federal district/territory/
division/region		#2020 pop.#2010 pop.#2000 pop.#2010–
2020
change		Geo.
sort

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Not enumerated in 2020.
  2. ^Not enumerated in 2010.

References

[edit]
General
Specific
  1. ^Geographic Terms and Concepts - Island Areas of the United States, U.S. Census Bureau, archived fromthe original on December 10, 2016, retrievedMarch 19, 2019
  2. ^"FAQ: Does the Census Bureau collect data on the number of unauthorized migrants?". U. S. Census Bureau. RetrievedMay 13, 2009.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^"FAQ: Will 2010 Census apportionment population counts also include any Americans overseas". U. S Census Bureau. RetrievedMay 13, 2009.[permanent dead link]
  4. ^Wang, Hansi Lo (May 19, 2022)."These 14 states had significant miscounts in the 2020 census".NPR. RetrievedMay 23, 2022.
  5. ^abOffice of the Federal Register."A Procedural Guide to the Electoral College". National Archives and Records Administration. Archived fromthe original on May 28, 2010. RetrievedAugust 13, 2010.
  6. ^Shah, Dayna K.; Reich, Mary W. (November 1997).U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution(PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office. GAO/OGC-98-5. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on February 29, 2020. RetrievedJuly 1, 2020.
  7. ^Curry, Tom (May 28, 2008)."Nominating, but not voting for president".NBC News. RetrievedAugust 24, 2021.
  8. ^"Annual and cumulative estimates of residential population change for the United States, regions, states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico".U.S. Census Bureau. RetrievedDecember 20, 2024.
  9. ^ab"US Census Quickfacts, Population Estimates, July 2024"(PDF).Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived fromthe original on April 26, 2021. RetrievedDecember 22, 2022.
  10. ^"U.S. Census Bureau Releases 2020 Undercount and Overcount Rates by State and the District of Columbia".Census.gov. RetrievedMay 23, 2022.
  11. ^"2020 Island Areas Censuses: Guam, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Table 1. Population of Guam: 2010 and 2020". October 28, 2021. RetrievedNovember 1, 2021.
  12. ^"2020 Island Areas Censuses: U.S. Virgin Islands, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Table 1. Population of the United States Virgin Islands: 2010 and 2020". October 28, 2021. RetrievedNovember 1, 2021.
  13. ^"2020 Island Areas Censuses: American Samoa, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Table 1. Population of American Samoa: 2010 and 2020". October 28, 2021. RetrievedNovember 1, 2021.
  14. ^"2020 Island Areas Censuses: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Population and Housing Unit Counts, Table 1. Population of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands: 2010 and 2020". October 28, 2021. RetrievedNovember 1, 2021.
  15. ^"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: United States".www.census.gov. Archived fromthe original on April 11, 2020. RetrievedDecember 30, 2019.

External links

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