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List of U.S. executive branch czars

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
High-level officials who oversee a particular policy

In the United States,the informal term "czar" (or, less often, "tsar") is employed in media and popular usage to refer to high-levelexecutive-branch officials who oversee a particular policy field. Until 2025, there had never been any U.S. government offices with the formal title "czar".[1][2] The earliest known use of the term for a U.S. government official was in the administration ofFranklin Roosevelt (1933–1945), during which eleven unique positions (or twelve if one were to count "economic czar" and "economic czar of World War II" as distinct) were so described.[3]

The list of those identified as "czars" is based on subjective judgments, as individuals or offices may be referred to with the nickname by some publications or public figures, while not by others. A more limited (though no less subjective) definition of the term would encompass only those officials appointed without Senate confirmation.

By administration

[edit]
Summary table
PresidentPartyIn officeNumber of
czar titles		Number of
appointees		Appointees not
confirmed by Senate
Franklin D. RooseveltDemocratic1933–1945111918
Harry S. Truman1945–195365
Dwight D. EisenhowerRepublican1953–196110
Lyndon B. JohnsonDemocratic1963–196931
Richard NixonRepublican1969–197435
Gerald Ford1974–19772
Jimmy CarterDemocratic1977–1981232
Ronald ReaganRepublican1981–19891
George H. W. Bush1989–1993230
Bill ClintonDemocratic1993–20018117
George W. BushRepublican2001–2009334928
Barack ObamaDemocratic2009–2017385039
Donald TrumpRepublican2017–2021; 2025–present565
Joe BidenDemocratic2021–2025474

The numbers are based upon the sortable list below, which includes further details and references.

Note that the holders of certain official positions have been referred to as "czars" for only part of the time those positions have existed. For example, there has been an Assistant Secretary of Labor for Mine Safety and Health since the passage of theMine Safety and Health Act of 1977, but the phrase "mine safety czar" has been applied to the position only since the appointment ofRichard Stickler to the post in 2006. Similarly, there has been a director of theOffice of Information and Regulatory Affairs since the office was created by thePaperwork Reduction Act of 1980, but the term "regulatory czar" was not applied to the post until 2001.

List of executive branch czars

[edit]

The following are executive branch officials who have been described by the media as a czar of some kind.

Czar titleOfficial titleOffice holderTenureType of appointmentAppointing administrationSenate confirmed
AI &crypto czarWhite House AI & Crypto CzarDavid Sacks[4]2025–presentPresident appointedDonald Trump
AfPak czar, Afghanistan and Pakistan czarSpecial Representative for Afghanistan and PakistanRichard Holbrooke[5]2009–2010Barack Obama
AIDS czarNational AIDS Policy Coordinator, Member ofWhite House Domestic Policy CouncilKristine Gebbie[6]1993–1994Bill Clinton
Director of theOffice of National AIDS PolicyPatricia Fleming[7]1993–1997
Director of the Office of National AIDS Policy, Presidential Envoy for AIDS CooperationSandra Thurman[8]1997–2000
Director of the Office of National AIDS PolicyScott Evertz[9]2001–2002George W. Bush
Joe O'Neill[10]2002–2003
Carol Thompson[11]2004–2006
Jeffrey Crowley[12]2009–2012Barack Obama
Grant Colfax[13]2012–2014
Douglas Brooks[14]2014–2016
anti-poverty czar, poverty czarDirector of Office of Economic OpportunitySargent Shriver[15]1965–1969President nominated, Senate confirmedLyndon Johnson✓
Asian Carp czarAsian Carp Director, Council on Environmental QualityJohn Goss[16]2010–UnknownCouncil on Environmental Quality selectedBarack Obama
auto czar, car czarTreasury Advisor, Head of theAuto Task ForceSteve Rattner[17]2009 Feb–JulSec. of Treasury appointed
Senior Advisor President's Automotive Task ForceRon Bloom[18]2009–2011President appointed
auto recovery czar, autoworker czarMember Presidential Task Force on the Auto Industry, Director of Recovery for Auto Communities and WorkersEdward B. Montgomery[19]2009–Unknown
bank bailout czar,Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) czarUnited States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability, Senior Advisor to Secretary of the TreasuryNeel Kashkari[20]2008–2009(New position), President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
bank bailout czar, TARP czarUnited States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial StabilityHerb Allison[21]2009–2013President nominated, Senate confirmedBarack Obama
bioethics czarAdvisor to the President, Chairman ofThe President's Council on BioethicsLeon Kass[22]2001–2005(New position), Exec order, President appointedGeorge W. Bush
bird flu czarAssistant Secretary of Health and Human Services, Advisor to the President for Public Health Emergency PreparednessStewart Simonson[23]2004–2006(New position), President appointed
birth control czarDeputy Assistant Secretary of Population Affairs,Department of Health and Human ServicesEric Keroack[24]2006–2007President appointed
border czarU.S. attorney and Special Representative for the Southwest Border,Department of JusticeAlan Bersin[25][26]1995–1998President nominated, Senate confirmed as U.S. Attorney, Appointed as Special RepresentativeBill Clinton✓
Assistant Secretary for International Affairs, Special Representative for Border Affairs,Dept of Homeland Security2009–2011Sec of Homeland Security appointedBarack Obama
Special Assistant to the President and Coordinator for the Southern BorderRoberta S. Jacobson[27]2021 Jan–AprPresident appointedJoe Biden
Executive associate director for Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO)[a]Thomas Homan[28]2019/2025–present[b]President appointedDonald Trump
budget czarDirector of theOffice of Management and BudgetMitch Daniels[30]2001–2003President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
Josh Bolten[31]2003–2006
Rob Portman[32]2006–2007
car czarChief domestic policy advisor and Director of the White House Domestic Policy CouncilBruce Reed[33]1993–2001(New position), Exec order, President appointedBill Clinton
czar of censorshipDirector,Office of CensorshipByron Price[34]1941–1945Exec Order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
cleanup czarSpecial Assistant Attorney General (to investigate corruption)Newbold Morris[35]1952, fired after 63 days by Attorney General (AG) for demanding records access; AG then forced to resign by President TrumanAttorney General appointedHarry Truman
Assistant Secretary forEnvironmental Management,Department of Energy (nuclear cleanup)Jessie Roberson[36]2001–2004President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
James Rispoli[37]2005–2008Sec. of Energy appointed, Senate confirmed
climate czarAssistant to the President and Staff Secretary, President's Coordinator for Climate Change, Senior negotiator at Kyoto and Beuenos Aires negotiationsTodd Stern[38]1997–1999President appointedBill Clinton
Special Envoy for Climate ChangeTodd Stern[39]2009Sec. of State appointedBarack Obama
climate czar, energy czar,global warming czarAssistant to the President for Energy and Climate ChangeCarol Browner[40]2009–2011(New position)
copyright czarIntellectual Property Enforcement Coordinatorvacant; position approved but not filled during Bush administration[41]2008–2009George W. Bush
Victoria Espinel[42]2009–2013(first at position)Barack Obama
communications czarCounselor to the President, Special counselor to the PresidentDan Bartlett[43]2005–2007President appointedGeorge W. Bush
compensation czar, Gulf claims czar, pay czarSpecial Master forTARPExecutive CompensationKenneth Feinberg[44]2009–2011, 2014–2016?Sec. of Treasury appointedBarack Obama
consumer czarSpecial Advisor for theConsumer Financial Protection BureauElizabeth Warren[45]2010–2011(New position), President appointed
COVID-19 czarCounselor to the President of the United StatesJeff Zients2021–2022President appointedJoe Biden
White House COVID-19 response coordinatorAshish Jha2022–2023
cruise czarFact-Finding Officer for the Federal Maritime CommissionLouis E. Sola[46]2020–2023President nominated, Senate confirmedDonald Trump
cyber security czar, cyber czarSpecial Advisor to the President on Cybersecurity, Office of Management and Budget (OMB)Richard A. Clarke[47]2001 Oct – 2003 Feb(New position), President appointedGeorge W. Bush
Director,National Cybersecurity CenterRod Beckstrom[48]2008–2009(New position), Presidential directive, President appointed
Director of the White House Office of Cybersecurity, Cybersecurity CoordinatorMelissa Hathaway[49]2009 May–Jul, Acting czar[50]Office created May 31, 2009.Barack Obama
Tom Bossert[51]2017–2018Donald Trump
Robert Joyce[52]2018
democracy czarDeputy National Security Advisor for Global Democracy StrategyElliott Abrams[53]2005–2008President appointedGeorge W. Bush
domestic czarSpecial Assistant to the President, domestic policy aideJoseph Califano[54]1965–1969Lyndon Johnson
domestic policy czarChiefDomestic Policy Coordinator, Assistant to the President and Senior Advisor to the President,White House Deputy Chief of StaffKarl Rove[55]2004–2006George W. Bush
domestic violence czarAdvisor to the President and the Vice President on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault IssuesLynn Rosenthal[56]2009Vice President appointedBarack Obama
drug czarHead of Drug programs, Special Action Office of Drug Abuse PreventionJerome Jaffe[57]1971President appointedRichard Nixon
Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse and head of the Narcotics Treatment AdministrationRobert DuPont1973–1978Gerald Ford
Director of the White House Drug Abuse Policy (1982), Special Assistant to the President for Drug Abuse (1983), Member of Executive Board of the National Narcotics Border Interdiction System Cabinet Level (1983), Deputy Assistant to the President for Drug Abuse Policy (1985)Carlton Turner[58]1982–1988(New position), Exec order, President appointedRonald Reagan
Director,Office of National Drug Control PolicyWilliam Bennett[59]1989–1990(New position) created by Congress, President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge H. W. Bush✓
Bob Martinez[60]1991–1993President nominated, Senate confirmed
Director, National Drug Control PolicyLee P. Brown[61]1993–1995Bill Clinton
Barry McCaffrey[62]1996–2001
John P. Walters[63]2001–2009George W. Bush
Director, National Drug Control Policy (cabinet rank removed)Gil Kerlikowske[64]2009–2014Barack Obama
Director, National Drug Control PolicyMichael Botticelli[65]2015–2017
Ebola czarEbola Response CoordinatorRon Klain2014–2015President appointed
e-commerce czar, e-czarExecutive Director, Electronic Commerce Working GroupElizabeth Echols[66]1998–2000Vice President appointedBill Clinton✓
economic czar, economic czar of World War IIDirector,Office of Economic StabilizationJames F. Byrnes[67]1942–1943(New position), Exec order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
economic czarFred M. Vinson[68]1943–1945President appointed
William Hammatt Davis[69]1945–1946
economic czar, big-picture economic czarChairman,Economic Recovery Advisory BoardPaul A. Volcker[70]2009Barack Obama
energy czarDirector of the Energy Policy OfficeJohn Arthur Love[71]1973(New position), Exec order, President appointedRichard Nixon
Federal Energy Office AdministratorWilliam E. Simon[72]1973–1974President appointed
Administrator, Federal Energy AdministrationJohn Sawhill[73]1974
Administrator, Federal Energy Administration, Assistant to the President for Energy Affairs, Executive Director of Energy Resources CouncilFrank Zarb[74]1974–1977Gerald Ford
Director,Department of Energy (cabinet-level position)James Schlesinger[75]1977–1979(New position), Legislation enacted, President nominated, Senate confirmedJimmy Carter✓
ethics czar, transparency czarSpecial Counsel to the President for Ethics and Government ReformNorm Eisen[76]2009–2010(New position), Exec order, President appointedBarack Obama
White House CounselRobert Bauer[77]2010–2011President appointed
faith-based czar, faith czarDirector, White House Office of Faith-Based and Community InitiativesJohn DiIulio[78]2001–2002(New position), Exec order, President appointedGeorge W. Bush
Jim Towey[79]2002–2006President appointed
Jay Hein[80]2006–2008
faith-based czarDirector of theWhite House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood PartnershipsJoshua DuBois[81]2009–2013Barack Obama
Melissa Rogers[82]2013–2014?
food czarFood Administrator andSecretary of AgricultureClaude Wickard[83]1942–1943Exec orderFranklin Roosevelt
War Food AdministratorChester C. Davis[84]1943
John Marvin Jones[85]1943–1945
Chairman Citizens Food CommitteeCharles Luckman[86]1947 Sep–NovPresident appointedHarry Truman
food safety czarAssistant Commissioner for Food ProtectionDavid W. K. Acheson[87]2007–2008George W. Bush
foreign aid czarAdministrator of theUS Agency for International Development (USAID)Randall Tobias[88][89]2006–2007President nominated, Senate confirmed✓
global AIDS czarCoordinator of U.S. Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally with the rank of Ambassador2003–2006(New position), President nominated, Senate confirmed
Coordinator of U.S.Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally, with the rank of AmbassadorMark Dybul[90]2006–2009President nominated, Senate confirmed
Great Lakes czarSenior Advisor to the EPA AdministratorCameron Davis[91]2009–2017(New position)Barack Obama
green-jobs czarSpecial Advisor for Green Jobs, Enterprise, and Innovation at the White House, Member of the White House Council on Environmental QualityVan Jones[92]2009 Apr–SepPresident appointed
Guantanamo Base closure czarUS Department of State Special EnvoyDaniel Fried[93]2009–2013Sec. of State appointed
health care czar, technology czar, internet czar, e-czarSenior Advisor for Policy DevelopmentIra Magaziner[94]1993–1998President appointedBill Clinton
health czarDirector of theWhite House Office of Health Reform and Counselor to the PresidentNancy-Ann DeParle[95]2009–2011Exec OrderBarack Obama
health czar for the World Trade Center (WTC)Special coordinator to respond to health effects of September 11 attacks, World Trade Center (WTC) Medical Monitoring and Treatment Program, also served as Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthJohn Howard[96]2006–2008President AppointedGeorge W. Bush
health IT czarNational Coordinator for Health Information Technology, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)David Brailer[97]2004–2006(New position), Exec order, appointed by Sec. of HHS
David Blumenthal2009–2011Exec order, appointed by Sec. of HHSBarack Obama
homeland security czarAssistant to the President for Homeland Security and CounterterrorismTom Ridge[98][99]2001–2002(New position), Exec Order, President appointedGeorge W. Bush
Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security2003–2004(New position), Legislation enacted, President nominated, Senate confirmed✓
Michael Chertoff[100]2005–2009President nominated, Senate confirmed
homeless czar, homelessness czarExecutive Director, United StatesInteragency Council on HomelessnessPhil Mangano[101][102]2002–2008President appointed
housing czarHousing Expediter in the Office of War Mobilization and ReconversionWilson Wyatt[103]1945–1946(New position), President appointedHarry Truman
human trafficking czarSpecial Advisor in the Office of Domestic Policy CouncilHeather Fischer[104][105]2020Donald Trump
Gulf Coast reconstruction czar,Hurricane Katrina recovery czarFederal Coordinator of Hurricane Katrina Recovery EffortDonald E. Powell[106]2005–2008President appointedGeorge W. Bush
inflation czar, anti-inflation czarSpecial Trade Representative, Chief U.S. trade negotiatorRobert S. Strauss[107]1978Jimmy Carter
inflation czarAdvisor to the President, Chairman Council on Wage and Price StabilityAlfred E. Kahn[108]1977–1980
czar of informationDirector,Office of War InformationElmer Davis[109]1942–1945Exec Order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
information czar,Infotech CzarChief Information Officer at the White HouseVivek Kundra[110]2009–2011(New position), created by statute, President appointedBarack Obama
Steven VanRoekel[111]2011–2014created by statute, President appointed
intelligence czarDirector of National IntelligenceJohn Negroponte[112]2005–2007(New position), Congress mandated, President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
John Michael McConnell[113]2007–2009President nominated, Senate confirmed
Dennis C. Blair[114]2009–2010Barack Obama
James R. Clapper[115]2010–2017
Iran czarSpecial Advisor for the Persian Gulf and Southwest Asia (which includes Iran)Dennis Ross[116]2009–2011President appointed
czar of Latin American affairsAssistant Secretary of State for Inter-American AffairsThomas C. Mann[117]1964–1965President nominated, Senate confirmedLyndon Johnson✓
manpower czarDirector,War Manpower CommissionPaul V. McNutt[118]1942–1945Exec orderFranklin Roosevelt
manufacturing czarAssistant Secretary for manufacturing and services, U.S. Commerce DepartmentAlbert Frink[119]2004–2007(New position), President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Manufacturing and ServicesWilliam G. Sutton[120]2007–2008President nominated, Senate confirmed
Senior Counselor for Manufacturing PolicyRon Bloom[18]2009–2011President appointedBarack Obama
Middle East czarSpecial Envoy for Middle East PeaceGeorge J. Mitchell[121]Sec. of State appointed
mine safety czarAssistant Secretary of Labor for Mine Safety and HealthRichard Stickler[122]2006–2008Recess appointment—2 prior presidential nominations were rejected by the SenateGeorge W. Bush
missile czarAssistant Secretary of the Air Force for Research and DevelopmentTrevor Gardner[123]1954–1956Sec. of Defense appointed, Senate confirmedDwight D. Eisenhower✓
mobilization czar, civilian economy czarDirector,Office of Defense MobilizationCharles Edward Wilson[124]1950–1952(New position), Exec orderHarry Truman
oil czarPetroleum Coordinator for National Defense, Secretary of the InteriorHarold L. Ickes[125]1941–1946President nominated, Senate confirmed as Sec. of InteriorFranklin Roosevelt✓
pardon czarAlice Marie Johnson[126]2025–presentPresident appointedDonald Trump
patronage czarPostmaster GeneralPost Office Department, Cabinet-level positionRobert E. Hannegan[127]1945–1947President nominated, Senate confirmedHarry Truman
performance czarUnited States Chief Performance Officer and Deputy Director for Management at theOffice of Management and BudgetJeffrey Zients[128]2009–2013Barack Obama
policy czarAssistant to the President for Policy and Strategic PlanningMichael Gerson[129]2005–2006President appointedGeorge W. Bush
price czarAdministrator,Office of Price AdministrationLeon Henderson[130]1941–1942(New position), Exec order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
Prentiss M. Brown[131]1942–1943President appointed
Chester Bowles[132]1943–1946
Chairman of the Price CommissionGrayson Jackson[133]1971(New position), President appointedRichard Nixon
production czarDirector,War Production BoardDonald M. Nelson[134]1942–1944(New position), Exec order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
Julius A. Krug[135]1944–1945President appointed
public diplomacy czarSpecial advisor to the President, Undersecretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public AffairsKaren Hughes[136]2005–2007President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
Undersecretary of State for Public Affairs and Public DiplomacyJames Glassman[137]2008–2009
reading czarPresident's Advisor on Reading First Initiative, Member of the President's Commission on Excellence in Special EducationReid Lyon[138]2001–2005President appointed
reconversion czarDirector of War Mobilization and ReconversionJohn W. Snyder[139]1945–1946Harry Truman
regulatory czarDirector of theOffice of Information and Regulatory Affairs Office of Management and BudgetJohn Graham[140]2001–2006President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
Susan Dudley[141]2006–2009Recess appointment, nominee did not receive a Senate vote
Cass Sunstein[142]2009–2012President nominated, Senate confirmedBarack Obama✓
rubber czarRubber DirectorBill Jeffers[143]1942–1943(New position), Exec order, appointed by Chairman of War Production BoardFranklin Roosevelt
savings & loan czarDirector,Office of Thrift SupervisionTimothy Ryan[144]1990–1997President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge H. W. Bush✓
science czarScience Advisor to the President, Director, White House Office of Science and Technology PolicyJohn Marburger[145]2001 Oct – 2009 JanGeorge W. Bush
Director of theOffice of Science and Technology PolicyJohn Holdren[146]2009–2017Barack Obama
shipping czarAdministrator, War Shipping AdministrationEmory S. Land[147]1942–1946Exec orderFranklin Roosevelt
stimulus accountability, stimulus oversightChairman, Recovery Accountability and Transparency BoardEarl Devaney[148]2009(New position), created by statute, President appointedBarack Obama
technology czar, chief technology czarAssociate Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy,Chief Technology Officer (CTO), Assistant to the PresidentAneesh Chopra[149]2009–2012President nominated, Senate confirmedBarack Obama✓
terrorism czar, counter-terrorism czarNational coordinator for security, infrastructure protection and counter-terrorism, member ofNational Security Council, cabinet-level positionRichard A. Clarke[150][151]1998–2001President appointedBill Clinton
terrorism czarNational coordinator for security, infrastructure protection and counter-terrorism, cabinet level rank removed2001 Jan–Oct(Held over from prior administration) President Clinton appointedGeorge W. Bush
terrorism czar, counterterrorism czarNational Director for Combating Terrorism, Deputy National Security AdvisorWayne Downing[152]2001 Nov – 2002 Jun(New position), President appointed
terrorism czarAssistant to the President for Homeland Security and CounterterrorismJohn O. Brennan[153]2009President appointedBarack Obama
trade czarSenior Policy Advisor in the White House on behalf of theUnited States Trade Representative.Mary Ryckman2012Appointed byUSTRMichael Froman in 2012[154] She also represents theUSTR on the President's Council on Women and Girls.[155]
transportation czarDirector, Office of Defense TransportationJoseph Bartlett Eastman[156]1941–1944(New position), Exec order, President appointedFranklin Roosevelt
J. Monroe Johnson[157]1944–1949President appointed
urban affairs czarDirector of theWhite House Office of Urban Affairs PolicyAdolfo Carrion[158]2009–2010Exec Order, President appointedBarack Obama
war czarAssistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for Iraq and AfghanistanDouglas Lute[159]2007–2009(New position), President nominated, Senate confirmedGeorge W. Bush✓
2009–2010?(Held over from prior administration) President Bush nominated, Senate confirmedBarack Obama
weapons czarUnder Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics (AT&L)Ashton Carter[160]2009President nominated, Senate confirmed
weapons of mass destruction czar,nonproliferation czarSpecial Assistant to the President and White House Coordinator for Arms Control and Weapons of Mass Destruction, Proliferation, and TerrorismGary Samore[161]2009–2013President appointed
weatherization czarProgram Manager, Office of Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program, U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)Gil Sperling[162]2008–UnknownCareer incumbent, retained from George W. Bush administration
George W. Bush

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^In 2019, a "border czar" was also named,[28] but never formally appointed.[29]
  2. ^Trump has appointed Homan as the border czar for his second administration as well.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Shoop, Tom (January 30, 2023)."That Time the Federal Government Was Ruled By Czars".Government Executive. RetrievedMay 30, 2025.The use of the term is somewhat squishy, because it's never been an official designation.
  2. ^House, The White (March 7, 2025)."Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Establishes the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and U.S. Digital Asset Stockpile".The White House. RetrievedMay 30, 2025.
  3. ^James, Randy (September 23, 2009)."A Brief History of White House Czars".TIME. RetrievedMay 30, 2025.
  4. ^"Remarks by President Trump at Executive Order Signing".The White House. January 24, 2025.Archived from the original on January 24, 2025. RetrievedJanuary 25, 2025.
  5. ^Kondracke, Morton."Pakistan Must Be Obama's Leading Foreign Priority",Roll Call, Mar 13, 2009, archived by WebCite. Holland, Steve."Obama fashions a government of many czars",Reuters, May 29, 2009,Archived by WebCite.Barack Obama."Remarks on US Military and Diplomatic Strategies for Afghanistan and Pakistan"Archived 2009-08-10 at theWayback Machine,US Govt Printing Office, Mar 27, 2009.
  6. ^Jehl, Douglas."Ex-Washington State Official to Get AIDS Post",The New York Times, Jun 25, 1993. Hunter, Elizabeth."Kristine M. Gebbie, former AIDS czar"Archived 2009-03-15 at theWayback Machine,The Lutheran, Sep 2001.
  7. ^Hilts, Philip J."Clinton Picks New Director of AIDS Policy",The New York Times, Nov 11, 1994.American Presidency Project,Announcing Patsy Fleming as National AIDS Policy Director, Nov 19, 1994.Announcing Sandra L. Thurman as Director, Apr 7, 1997.
  8. ^Staff biography,"Sandra Thurman"Archived 2001-05-13 at theWayback Machine,Office of National AIDS Policy, Apr 1997.American Presidency Project,Press briefing, presidential envoy for AIDS cooperation, Aug 27, 2000.
  9. ^Office of Press Secretary."President Bush Announces Evertz to be the Director of the Office National AIDS Policy",GeorgeWBushWhiteHouse.gov Apr 9, 2001. Lochead, Carolyn."Bush's AIDS czar departing for post with global focus",San Francisco Chronicle, Jul 19, 2002
  10. ^Office of Press Secretary."President Bush Announced Dr. Joseph O'Neill to be Director of the Office of National AIDS Policy ",GeorgeWBushWhiteHouse.gov, Jul 19, 2002."'AIDS czar' position unfilled since February"Archived 2009-09-09 at theWayback Machine,Washington Blade, Sep 15, 2006
  11. ^Chibbaro, Lou Jr."White House mum on AIDS director post: 'AIDS czar' position unfilled since February"Archived 2009-09-09 at theWayback Machine,Washington Blade, Sep 15, 2006 Retrieved 2009-08-30.
  12. ^Office of the Press Secretary."President Obama Selects Health Policy Expert to Head Office of National AIDS Policy"Archived 2010-04-11 at theWayback Machine, "WhiteHouse.gov", Feb 26, 2009.'The activists' wish list, the new AIDS czar, Jeffrey Crowley",Advocate, May 1, 2009.
  13. ^"LA Times".
  14. ^Steinmetz, Katy."White House AIDS Czar Steps Down".Time. RetrievedMarch 24, 2016.
  15. ^Evans and Novak."Numerous Pitfalls Face Move to Fight Poverty",The Free Lance Star, Oct 25, 1965."Poverty and now justice",Time, May 6, 1966."Williams v. Phillips, US Ct of Appeals, DC Cir, 1973.
  16. ^Evans and Novak."U.S. names Asian Carp Czar",Chicago Tribune/WGN, Sept. 8, 2010.
  17. ^AFP."Rattner tapped as Treasury's advisor for US auto sector", Feb 23, 2009. Thomas, Ken, A.P."Rattner to advise Treasury on auto industry" salon.com, Feb 23, 2009. King, Neil, Jr."Auto czar quits post six months into the job",Wall St. Journal, Jul 14, 2009.
  18. ^abAllen, Mike."Obama parks 'car czar' plan"Politico, Feb 16, 2009.Brown, Carrie Budoff."Car czar decision has critics revved up", Politico, Feb 17, 2009.
  19. ^AP."Ed Montgomery, auto recovery czar, asked to help auto suppliers",Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 26, 2009 "Archived by WebCite."Univ of MD Dean Appointed", Mar 30, 2009. Luhby, Tami."Obama taps czar to help autoworkers",CNN, Mar 30, 2009, "Archived by WebCite".
  20. ^Kall, Rob."Meet the $700 Billion Bailout Czar, Neel Kashkari",Huffington Post, Sep 6, 2008, Archived by WebCite. Horowitz, Jed."TARP Czar: AIG bailout isn't start of larger program",Investment News, Nov 10, 2008, "Archived by WebCite".Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1044-110, nominated Nov 15, 2007, confirmed Jun 27, 2008.
  21. ^Andres, Gary and Griffin, Patrick"Using czars in W.H. to focus on policy",Politico, Apr 27, 2009. Press office."Herbert M. Allison, Jr. Confirmed as Assistant Secretary for Financial Stability"Archived 2009-07-15 at theWayback Machine,U.S. Department of Treasury, Jun 19, 2009.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN390-111, confirmed Jun 19, 2009.
  22. ^Gillespie, Nick."Leon Kass' bioethics homework assignment",Slate Magazine, Jan 18, 2002. Allen, Arthur."The bioethics czar's new right-hand man is passionately opposed to abortion, public schools, federal taxes and Democrats"Archived 2009-09-08 at theWayback Machine,Salon.com, Nov 30, 2001. Weiss, Rick."Bioethics Council Head to Step Down",Washington Post, Sep 9, 2005.
  23. ^Lovley, Erika."Czar (n): An insult; a problem-solver",Politico, Oct 21, 2008,archived by WebCite. Office of Press Secretary"Personnel Announcement ", Apr 8, 2004.
  24. ^Schaeffer, Amanda."The Family Un-Planner, The Bush administration's crazy new HHS appointment",Slate Magazine, Nov 21, 2006. Lloyd, Carol."Pharmacy protects women from contraception.",Salon.com, May 31, 2007. Estes, Andrea."Doctor who quit US post was warned by state",Boston Globe, Apr 7, 2007.
  25. ^Ellingwood, Ken."'Border Czar' Ends a Highly Visible Reign",Los Angeles Times, Jun 28, 1998.
  26. ^"Secretary Napolitano Appoints Alan Bersin",U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Apr 15, 2009. Dibble, Sandra."Bersin to focus on violence in 2nd tour as border czar",Union-Tribune, Apr 16, 2009. Not a new position, no Senate confirmation required.2008 Plum Book, p. 79,GPOAccess.gov.
  27. ^Shear, Michael D.;Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Rogers, Katie (April 9, 2021)."White House Border Coordinator to Step Down".The New York Times.ISSN 0362-4331. RetrievedJuly 25, 2024.
  28. ^abShear, Michael D.;Kanno-Youngs, Zolan (June 14, 2019)."Trump Appoints a Loyalist as 'Border Czar' in Latest Immigration Reshuffle".The New York Times. RetrievedJuly 25, 2024.[Thomas D. Homan will] be a border czar," Mr. Trump said, announcing the appointment during a phone interview on "Fox & Friends." "He'll be very much involved in the border. He'll be reporting directly to me. He'll be probably working out of the White House but spending a lot of time at the border."
  29. ^Kaufman, Ellie (July 12, 2019)."Former ICE official trades heated words with lawmakers at hearing".CNN. RetrievedJuly 25, 2024.Homan said he had not accepted any position with the administration.
  30. ^Walczak, Lee"Q&A with the OMB's Mitch Daniels Bush's budget czar talks about the $1.35 trillion tax cut plan",Business Week Online Extra, May 21, 2001, Archived by WebCite.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN101-107 Confirmed Jan 23, 2001, PN682-108, resigned Jun 3, 2003
  31. ^Gleckman, Howard."A Chat with Bush's Budget Czar",BusinessWeek.com, September 6, 2004.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN682-108, confirmed Jun 26, 2003. PN1484-109 successor confirmed May 26, 2006.
  32. ^Platt, Gordon."Bush's new budget czar pledges to tackle US deficit"Archived 2007-11-21 at theWayback Machine,Global Finance, May 2006. Abramowitz, Michael."Bush Names Ex-Rep. Nussle Budget Chief Portman to Leave In August",Washington Post, Jun 20, 2007.
  33. ^Von Drehle, David."Saying No to a Car Czar: A Smart First Step on Detroit",Time, Feb 17, 2009. DLC biography."Bruce Reed"Archived 2010-07-08 at theWayback Machine, "DLC.org", Jul 27, 2009. Marcus, Ruth."Belatedly, White House Forms Domestic Policy Unit",Washington Post, Aug 19, 1993.American Presidency Project."Executive Order 12859 - Establishment of the Domestic Policy Council" Aug 16, 1993
  34. ^"FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943.American Presidency Project.Exec order establishing the office,Exec order terminating the office.
  35. ^AP."Truman Announces McGrath's Resignation Few Hours After Attorney General Fires Morris",Ellenburg Daily Record, Apr 3, 1952 Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  36. ^Cary, Annette.DOE cleanup czar to visit Richland, Wash, nuclear reservation,Tri-City Herald, Nov 9, 2004.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN362-107, confirmed Jul 12, 2001. PN521-109, successor confirmed Jul 29, 2005.
  37. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN521-109, confirmed Jul 29, 2005. Hot topics."Rispoli Resigning As DOE Cleanup-Czar"Energy Daily, Nov 6, 2008
  38. ^Cushman, John H."Clinton Hones Sales Pitch On Global Warming Pact", Oct 4, 1997. American Presidency Project."Press Briefing", Oct 3, 1997. American Presidency Project."Press Briefing by Todd Stern, President's Coordinator for Climate Change", Jun 3, 1999.
  39. ^Franke-Ruta, Garance."Stern Appointed Climate Change Envoy",Washington Post, Jan 26, 2009. Allen, Mike."Secretary Clinton names climate czar",Politico, Jan 26, 2009,Archived by WebCite.
  40. ^American Presidency ProjectPresident-Elect Barack Obama Announces Key Members of Energy and Environment Team, December 15, 2008.Dinan, Stephen.Obama climate czar has socialist ties,Washington Times, Jan 12, 2009, archived by WebCite. Romero, Frances."Energy Czar: Carol Browner",Time, Apr 8, 2009.
  41. ^Albanesius, ChloePresident Bush Approves 'Copyright Czar' Bill, October 13, 2008.
  42. ^Albanesius, ChloePresident Bush Approves 'Copyright Czar' Bill, October 13, 2008.Kravets, David.Obama Appoints Scholar as New Copyright Czar,PC Magazine, September 25, 2009.
  43. ^Lindlaw, Scott."Congress wants answers on Tillman death",USA Today, Jul 24, 2007."Former Presidential Counselor Dan Bartlett To Join LBJ School Faculty"Archived 2009-02-13 at theWayback Machine,Univ of Texas At Austin, Jan 20, 2009.
  44. ^Jaffee, Matthew"Obama's New Special Master: Don't Call Him 'Pay Czar'", Jun 11, 2009. Press release."Interim Final Rule on TARP Standards for Compensation"Archived 2009-06-10 at theWayback Machine,Treasury.gov"Gulf claims czar briefing the Hill", July 22, 2010. Politico
  45. ^Cha, Ariana Eunjung"Elizabeth Warren appointed White House 'consumer czar'", September 17, 2010. Washington Post"Consumer Czar Warren Sees Transparency in Banking as Top Priority", Oct. 5, 2010. PBS. David Lazarus"Consumer czar needs to get tough with banks"[dead link], Oct 1, 2010. Los Angeles Times
  46. ^"Commissioner Sola to Lead Fact Finding Focusing on Cruise Line Issues".Federal Maritime Commission. April 30, 2020. RetrievedOctober 11, 2020.
  47. ^"President Bush Announces Ten People to Serve in his Administration", October 19, 2001--"Clarke was recently named Special Advisor to the President for Cyber Space Security and was previously the National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure Protection and Counter-terrorism on the National Security Council". Features."Bush's Cybersecurity Czar?"Archived 2008-12-04 at theWayback Machine,Digital Government Research OnLine,ISI.edu, Dec 2001. Anderson, Kevin."US names cyber-terrorism czar",BBCNews.com, Oct 10, 2001. AP."U.S. Cybersecurity Czar to Resign",Wired, Jan 28, 2003.
  48. ^"Senior Leadership The First Five Years: 2003–2008",Dept of Homeland Security, History Office, September 2008,DHS.gov, p. 29. "On January 8, 2008, President George W. Bush issued Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23 (HSPD-23), creating the National Cyber Security Center (NCSC), led by a director... Rod Beckstrom (appointed) March 7, 2008." Shachtman, Noah."Cyber-Security Czar Quits Amid Fears of NSA Takeover", Mar 6, 2009, archived by WebCite.
  49. ^"Remarks by the President on securing our nation's cyber infrastructure",WhiteHouse.com, May 29, 2009.Obama near choosing cyber security chief,Reuters, Sep 9, 2009.
  50. ^Gorman, Siobhan (August 4, 2009)."Security Cyber Czar Steps Down - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. RetrievedDecember 2, 2011.
  51. ^"Trump's Cybersecurity Chief Could Be a 'Voice of Reason'-- FCW".WIRED. RetrievedFebruary 9, 2017.
  52. ^"NSA vet Rob Joyce to lead cyber at White House -- FCW".FCW. RetrievedFebruary 11, 2018.
  53. ^Crowley, Michael."Elliott Abrams, From Iran-Contra to Bush's democracy czar".Slate Magazine, Feb 17, 2005. Office of Press Secretary.Personnel announcement, Feb 2, 2005. Office of Press Secretary"Deputy Press Secretary Abrams Aboard Air Force One En Route to Jerusalem", May 14, 2008
  54. ^Sidey, Hugh."THE PRESIDENCY: Misusing the White House Machine",Time, Aug 13, 1973."Joseph Califano", Bio."Joseph A. Califano, Jr."[usurped]Citizen's Commission to Protect the Truth, Retrieved 2009-08-30.
  55. ^Meyerson, Harold."Rove's Blind Spot",Washington Post, Aug 15, 2007Benen, Steve."When you wish upon a czar",Washington Monthly, Jul 11, 2009.
  56. ^"Vice President Biden Announces",WhiteHouse.gov, Jun 26, 2009.Works out of the Office of the Vice President Erbe, Bonnie."Obama's Endless Czar List Now Includes a Domestic Violence Aide",U.S. News blogs, Jun 29, 2009,Archived by WebCite.
  57. ^Frontline Drug Wars."Interview Dr. Jerome Jaffe",PBS.org. Shuit, Douglas."Former U.S. Drug Officials Admit Policy Oversights,Los Angeles Times, Sep 2, 1994,Archived by WebCite.
  58. ^American Presidency Project."Remarks on Signing Executive Order 12368, Concerning Federal Drug Abuse Policy Functions", Jun 24, 1982."Appointment of Carlton E. Turner",Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Archives, Mar 12, 1985.
  59. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN141-101, confirmed Mar 9, 1989."The Drug Czar's Coherent Legacy - The New York Times",New York Times Nov 11, 1990.
  60. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN65-102, confirmed Mar 21, 1991, successor nominated Jun, 1993.
  61. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN361-103, confirmed Senate Jun 16, 1993.
  62. ^Ostrow, Ronald."Swift Approval Seen for Drug Czar",LA Times, Feb 26, 1996.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN840-104, confirmed Feb 29, 1996.
  63. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN965-107, confirmed Dec 5, 2001. Kraul, Chris."U.S. drug czar points finger at Chavez",Los Angeles Times, Jan 21, 2008.
  64. ^Cook, Dave."New drug czar gets lower rank, promise of higher visibility",The Christian Science Monitor, Mar 11, 2009.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN185-111, confirmed May 7, 2009.
  65. ^"Michael Botticelli".Office of National Drug Control Policy. RetrievedJune 5, 2016 – viaNational Archives.
  66. ^"Vice President Names Elizabeth Echols as Executive Director of Electronic Commerce Working Group". U.S. Newswire. August 6, 1998.[dead link]Shane Thacker (August 25, 1998)."Echols named e-commerce czar; other Internet issues announced". PNN Online.[permanent dead link]Richard S. Dunham (November 3, 1999)."She's Weaving Web Policy from the West Wing". Business Week.
  67. ^"U.S. At War: Trouble Ahead"Time, Feb 15, 1943."FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943."US At War: Men Around Byrnes",Time, Oct 19, 1942.American Presidency Project.Exec order establishing the office Oct 3, 1942.
  68. ^St. Clair, James and Gugin, Linda."Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson of Kentucky: a political biography",Univ Press of Kentucky, 2002, p. xii.
  69. ^"FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943."US At War: Men Around Byrnes", Oct 19, 1942.American Presidency Project.Exec order establishing the office, Oct 3, 1942.
  70. ^Hamburger, Tom and Parsons, Christi."President Obama's czar system concerns some",Los Angeles Times, Mar 5, 2009. Coile, Zachary."Obama's big task: managing the best, brightest",San Francisco Chronicle, Jan 11, 2009.
  71. ^Lovley, Erika."Czar (n): An insult; a problem-solver",Politico, Oct 21, 2008.Energy Policy OfficeArchived 2009-12-16 at theWayback Machine,Nixon Presidential Library
  72. ^Mufson, Steven and Heath, Thomas."Wanted: Crisis Manager in Chief, A Key Challenge in Auto Bailout Is Finding 'Czar' to Oversee Change",Washington Post, Dec 10, 2008."Energy Timeline"Archived 2011-07-21 at theWayback Machine,Energy.gov
  73. ^American Presidency Project.Richard "Nixon: Remarks on Signing the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974" May 7, 1974.American Presidency Project."Gerald R. Ford: News Conference", Oct 24, 1974."Carter at the Crossroads",Time, Jul 23, 1979.
  74. ^Quint, Michael." Profile, Frank G. Zarb His Formula",New York Times, Mar 28, 1993. NPR Interview."Frank Zarb CEO of the National Association of Securities Dealers",NPR.com, Jun 13, 2000.
  75. ^"Schlesinger's Czardom Takes Shape",Time, Mar. 07, 1977."Carter's Great Purge" Jul 30, 1979.
  76. ^"Norm Eisen Gets Ambassador Gig Leaving White House 'Ethics Czar' Post Vacant",The Huffington Post, June 29, 2010"Timothy P. Carney: Obama closes curtain on transparency"Archived 2010-08-29 at theWayback Machine,The Examiner, August 12, 2010.
  77. ^"Timothy P. Carney: Obama closes curtain on transparency"Archived 2010-08-29 at theWayback Machine,The Examiner, August 12, 2010.
  78. ^American Presidency Project." Remarks on Signing Executive Orders With Respect to Faith-Based and Community Initiatives", Conn, Joseph."Religious Right, Politics Have Undue Influence At White House, Ex-Faith Czar DiIulio Charges"Archived 2009-09-11 at theWayback Machine,Church & State, Jan, 2003.
  79. ^Faith Czar Towey blasts 'militant secularism' at Catholic men's event",Church & State, Mar 2005, "Archived by Webcite"."President names Towey as Director of the Faith-Based & Community Initiatives", Feb 1, 2002.Jim Towey Whitehouse Bio.
  80. ^Official biography."OFBCI Director Jay Hein", "George W. Bush White House Archives". Institute for Studies of Religion."About Hein"Archived 2009-09-06 at theWayback Machine,Baylor.edu, Retrieved Aug 13, 2009."Bush taps Indiana activist to be nation's new 'Faith Czar'", Sep 1, 2006.Bush names new faith-based czarChristianity Today, Sep 2006.
  81. ^Boorstein, Michelle; Shear, Michael D."DuBois, 26, to Head Faith Office",Washington Post, Jan 29, 2009. Goldstein, Laurie."Leaders Say Obama Has Tapped Pastor for Outreach Office",The New York Times, Jan 28, 2009.Mason, Julie."Obama focuses more on issue czars, less on Cabinet"[permanent dead link],San Francisco Examiner, Apr 21, 2009.
  82. ^Weiner, Rachel."Melissa Rogers promises continuity in faith-based office",Washington Post, Mar 22, 2013.
  83. ^American Presidency ProjectExecutive Order 9280 Delegating Authority Over the Food Program to the Secretary of Agriculture, Dec 5, 1942."FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943."U.S. At War: Trouble Ahead"Time, Feb 15, 1943.
  84. ^War Food Administration established by Exec Order 9334 on Apr 19, 1943.American Presidency ProjectExec order terminating office"FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943.American Presidency Project."Exec Order on Prices and Wages", Apr 8, 1943."Letter of Resignation from Chester C. Davis, War Food Administrator", Jun 28, 1943.
  85. ^American Presidency Project.Letter Accepting Resignation of Marvin Jones as War Food Administrator, May 23, 1945.American Presidency Project,Executive Order 9577 - Terminating the War Food Administration, Jun 29, 1945.
  86. ^American Presidency Project."Letter to the Chairman, Citizens Food Committee", Nov 20, 1947.Pearson, Drew."Congressmen Unwittingly Dined by Vitriolic Publicity Man"St. Petersburg Times, Dec 3, 1947.
  87. ^Seabrook, Andrea."What's With This 'Czar' Talk?",NPR, May 16, 2007. Benen, Steve."Wish upon a Czar",American Prospect, May 9. 2007, archived byWebCite. Zaldivar, Ricardo Alonso."Can new food safety czar mend "broken" system?",The Seattle Times, May 2, 2007
  88. ^"Morality Gets a Message",The Nation, May 10. 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1330-109, confirmed Mar 29. 2009. PN603-110, resigned May 2007.
  89. ^Epstein, Edward.Retired drug company executive named global AIDS czar,San Francisco Chronicle, Jul 3, 2003, archived byWebCite.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN932-108, confirmed Oct 3, 2003. Enter search PN1815-109, successor nominated Jul 18, 2006.
  90. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1815-109, Confirmed Aug 3, 2006. McNeil, Donald."Mystery, controversy dog AIDS czar transition",San Francisco Chronicle, Jan 31, 2009
  91. ^Flesher, John, A.P.EPA appoints Great Lakes cleanup czar, Jun 4, 2009. Archived byWebCite.
  92. ^Jesse Lee (March 10, 2009)."Van Jones to CEQ | The White House".whitehouse.gov. RetrievedDecember 2, 2011 – viaNational Archives.
  93. ^Rosenberg, Carol."Fried named as Guantanamo Closure Czar"Archived 2009-07-27 at theWayback Machine,The State, May 13, 2009.
  94. ^Pear, Robert.Washington at Work; An Idealist's New Task: To Revamp Health Care Feb 26, 1993. Solomon, Jolie."For Magaziner, Reform Is The Road To Paradise",Newsweek, Sep 20, 1993.Maria Seminerio (December 1, 1998)."US Report: US to spur third-world e-commerce". ZDNet."White House Rejects Call to Can Internet Czar". Wired News. December 29, 1997.Richard S. Dunham (November 3, 1999)."She's Weaving Web Policy from the West Wing". Business Week.
  95. ^Office of Press Secretary.Executive Order, Establishment of the White House Office of Health ReformArchived 2009-05-14 at theWayback Machine,WhiteHouse.gov, Apr 8, 2009.Brown, Carrie Budoff.Obama taps DeParle as health czar,Politico, Mar 2, 2009.
  96. ^AP."New York lawmakers ask Obama to rehire 9/11 health czar", Feb 23, 2009. AP."Bush administration to replace health czar for World Trade Center",AJC.com, Jul 4, 2008."The World Trade Center (WTC)Medical Monitoring and Treatment Program - A Unique NIOSH Funded Program for the Heroes of 9/11",CDC.gov, Pub. 109, 2007.
  97. ^News Release."Secretary Thompson, Seeking Fastest Possible Results, Names First Health Information Technology Coordinator", May 6, 2004."David J. Brailer Resigns as Health IT Czar", "ANSI News, Apr 20, 2006.
  98. ^"Defender In Chief"]Time, Nov 5, 2001. Romesh, Ratnesar"Can He Fix It",Time, Jun 17, 2002. American Presidency Project.Swearing-In Ceremony, Oct 8, 2001.
  99. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nomination: PN1-108, Confirmed, Jan 7, 2003. American Presidency Project.Statement on the Resignation, Nov 30, 2004]
  100. ^Ireland, Doug."Dirty Little Secrets Bush’s Homeland Security czar Mike Chertoff and his days in New Jersey",LAWeekly.com, Jan 13, 2005, archived byWebCite.Michael Chertoff "US Homeland Security Czar",NNDB.com Retrieved Aug 12, 2009."Bush names new US security chief",BBC.com.
  101. ^"Phil Magano" The Bush administration's homeless czar talks,LA Times, Oct 4, 2007. Appointed in Mar 2002, UniverCity Connections,Phil Magano biographyArchived 2011-07-28 at theWayback Machine. Participated in 2008 study as Director of ICH,Philip Magano Commencement AddressArchived 2009-09-18 at theWayback Machine, Apr 2009.
  102. ^Swope, Christopler,"PUBLIC OFFICIALS of the YEAR: Philip Mangano,2006 HONOREE, Executive Director, U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness",Governing magazine, 2006
  103. ^Pearson, Drew."The Daily Washington Merry-Go-Round, Rooking War Veterans",Prescott Evening Courier, Apr 13, 1946. American Presidency Project."Letter to Wilson Wyatt Appointing Him Housing Expediter", Dec 12, 1945. American Presidency Project."Letter Accepting Resignation of Wilson Wyatt as Housing Expediter" Dec 4, 1946.
  104. ^Hughes, Clyde (January 31, 2020)."President Donald Trump to create White House office to fight, prosecute human traffickers". UPI.com. RetrievedNovember 19, 2021.
  105. ^Fram, Alan (June 23, 2020)."Heather Fischer will fight human trafficking for Trump admin | Las Vegas Review-Journal". Reviewjournal.com. RetrievedNovember 19, 2021.
  106. ^Seabrook, Andrea."What's With This 'Czar' Talk?",NPR, May 16, 2007. Hsu, Spencer."A Bush Loyalist Tackles Katrina Recovery",Washington Post, Nov 20, 2005. Wald, Matthew L."Bush’s Czar to Rebuild Gulf Coast Is Resigning",New York Times, Mar 1, 2008.
  107. ^Time, Apr 24, 1978. Loeb, Marshall."What Might Have Been",Time, Nov 6, 1978. Glassman, James K.Close, But No Big Czar,ReasonOnLine.com, Dec 18, 2000.
  108. ^"Inflation Czar Will Take Apart His Title"Archived 2011-10-01 at theWayback Machine,Cornell Chronicle, Jul 14, 1983.
  109. ^"FOOD: The Tenth Czar",Time, Apr 5, 1943.American Presidency Project.Exec Order establishing the office,Exec Order terminating the office.
  110. ^Thomas LOC.E Government Act, 2002Archived 2009-01-18 at theWayback Machine.President Obama Names Vivek KundraArchived 2009-03-06 at theWayback Machine,WhiteHouse.gov, Mar 9, 2009. Carpenter, Amanda."Hot Button",Washington Times, Jun 15, 2009, archived byWebCite.
  111. ^"White House Picks New Information Chief - The New York Times".The New York Times. August 4, 2011. RetrievedNovember 19, 2021.
  112. ^"Bush Backs Creation of Intelligence Czar",Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN329-109, confirmed Apr 21, 2005."Negroponte picked for intelligence czar",MSNBC.com, Feb 17, 2005.[1] "White House Counsel Harriet Miers Resigns, Negroponte to Shift Seats"Fox News, Jan 04, 2007.
  113. ^Branigin, William."Bush Backs Creation of Intelligence Czar","Intelligence czar reveals details"Virginian Pilot, Aug 23, 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN206-110, confirmed Feb 07, 2007.
  114. ^Eisler, Peter."Obama's choice of Blair as intelligence czar covers bases",USA Today, Jan 8, 2009.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN65-01-111, confirmed, Jan 28, 2009.
  115. ^Mason, Jeff."Obama names retired general new intelligence chief", "Reuters", June 5, 2010.
  116. ^Holland, Steve."Obama fashions a government of many czars",Reuters, May 29, 2009, archived byWebCite.
  117. ^Evans and Novak."Tour of Latin America To Test LBJ as Campaigner",The Free Lance Star, Jan 22, 1965. Principal Officers."Assistant Secretaries for Western Hemisphere Affairs",State.gov
  118. ^"U.S. At War: Trouble Ahead"Time, Feb 15, 1943.American Presidency Project.Exec Order establishing the commissionArchived 2012-09-18 at theWayback Machine,"Exec Order assigning functions to the Dept of Labor.
  119. ^Set Aside Alert."President Bush has nominated Albert Frink","AllBusiness.com", Apr 16, 2004."Senators tell government's new Mfg. czar to concentrate on China and unfair trade",Manufacturing and Technology News Jul 24, 2004. Price, Deb."The invisible manufacturing czar",The Detroit News, Apr 28, 2006. Klein, Liese."Manufacturing Czar Steps Down[permanent dead link],Business New Haven, Jan 8, 2007,archived by WebCite.
  120. ^New Manufacturing 'Czar' Will Have a Full Plate of Issues"Archived 2011-07-24 at theWayback Machine,MA News, Sep 29, 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN522-110, confirmed Aug 03, 2007.
  121. ^Bureaus reporting directly to the Secretary."Special Envoy for Middle East Peace",State.gov. Fletcher, Michael A. and Dennis, Brady.Obama's Many Policy 'Czars' Draw Ire From Conservatives,Washington Post, Sep 16, 2009.
  122. ^"Questionable concern about mine safety",San Diego Union Tribune, Aug 23, 2007."The deeper danger of Crandall Canyon",Los Angeles Times, Aug 23, 2007."Richard Stickler: Mine Safety Czar Fails To Live Up To His Name[permanent dead link]Utah Mining Association Newsletter, Jan 8, 2008. Position is Presidential Appointment, Senate Confirmed per 2008 Plum Book2008 Plum BookArchived 2009-08-09 at theWayback Machine
  123. ^"History of Minuteman Missile Sites,National Park Service, 1995,archived by WebCite."Knowland tells why he backed Gardner delay",LA Times Archives, Aug 20, 1954."The Administration, Trevor & the Missiles",Time, Feb 20, 1956.
  124. ^"Wilson Gets Blank Check as Czar of Mobilization",The Evening Independent, Dec 16, 1950, page 1. Paul G. Pierpaoli Jr.Truman’s Other War:The Battle for the American Homefront, 1950–1953, Organization of American Historians, OAH Magazine of History, Volume 14, No 3, Spring 2000. American Presidency Project/ResignationArchived 2008-11-29 at theWayback Machine, Mar 30, 1952.
  125. ^"Tracking the Oil",Time, Sep 8, 1941."Oil In Search of a Policy",Time, Dec 27, 1943.American Presidency Project."Appointment of Harold L. Ickes as Petroleum Coordinator for National Defense"Archived 2008-11-01 at theWayback Machine, May 28, 1941.Text of Secretary Ickes' Letter of Resignation to the President Ending 13 Years in Office,New York Times, Feb 14, 1946.
  126. ^Watson, Kathryn (February 21, 2025)."Trump names Alice Johnson, pardoned in his first term, to be "pardon czar"".CBS News.
  127. ^Pearson, Drew."Drew Pearson on Washington Merry-Go-Round, Sec. Ickes' Last Battle",Virgin Island Daily News, Feb 19, 1946.American Presidency Project.Nominated,ResignedArchived 2012-09-18 at theWayback Machine
  128. ^Thomas LOC, Presidential Nomination: PN418-111, confirmed June 19, 2009. Goler, Wendell."Obama's Army of Czars Raises Concerns About Executive Power",FoxNews.com, Jul 16, 2009, archived byWebCite
  129. ^Sullivan, Andrew."Too tired to think: team Bush loses its way",Times On Line, Mar 13, 2006.archived by Webcite.American Presidency Project."Press Gaggle with Scott McClellan", Feb 8, 2005. Rutenberg, Jim."Adviser who shaped Bush's speeches is leaving",New York Times, Jun 15, 2006.
  130. ^"Henderson Quits Price Czar Job",St. Petersburg Times, Jan 17, 1943.Exec Order establishing the Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply, Apr 11, 1941.Press Conference, Apr 11, 1941."Henderson Quits:Capital Expects Brown to Head OPA",New York Times, Dec 17, 1942.
  131. ^"U.S. At War: Enter Grimly", Time, Dec 28, 1942.
  132. ^Appointed 1943Archived 2009-08-21 at theWayback Machine.American Presidency Project."Statement by the President Commending the Office of Price Administration", ended May 1, 1945.Archived 2009-10-31.
  133. ^American Presidency Project.Remarks at a Meeting of the Cost of Living Council, Nov 15, 1971."The Economy: The Take-Charge Price Czar",Time, Dec 20, 1971.
  134. ^"U.S. At War: Trouble Ahead"Time, Feb 15, 1943. American Presidency Project."Executive Order 9024 Establishing the War Production Board", Jan 16, 1942.
  135. ^American Presidency Project."Letter Accepting Resignation of J. A. Krug as Chairman of the War Production Board", Oct 5, 1945.
  136. ^Kamen, Al."Instead of Plum Appointments, Maybe A Lump of Coal",Washington Post, Dec 14, 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN679-109, confirmed Jul 29, 2005.
  137. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1133-110, confirmed Jun 4, 2008. Kamen, Al."Get Thee to an Airport"Washington Post, Jun 10, 2008.
  138. ^Manzo, Kathleen Kennedy."National Reading Czar to Leave Public Sector for Teacher Ed. Venture". "Education Week", Jun 8, 2005."G. Reid Lyon, PhD—Ex-officio Member of the President's Commission on Excellence in Special Education"Archived 2009-05-13 at theWayback Machine,Archived Information,U.S Department of Education, Dec 13, 2001.
  139. ^Pearson, Drew."Truman's First 6 Months Good President Needs To Watch Friends",St. Petersburg Times, Oct 12, 1945, p. 6."Oral History Interviews with John W. Snyder",TrumanLibrary.org
  140. ^"Regulations Czar Prefers New Path",New York Times, Mar 21, 2001.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN213-107 confirmed Jul 19, 2001, PN1875-109, successor nominated, Aug 1, 2006.
  141. ^Hoover, Kent."Bush appoints regulatory czar, avoids confirmation battle",BizJournals.com, April 16, 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1875-109, Aug 1, 2006, PN94-110, Jan 9, 2007, PN577-110, Jan 2, 2009, never confirmed. Stayed in office as a recess appointment. Weisman, Jonathan and Bravin, Jess"Obama's Regulatory Czar Likely to Set a New Tone",The Wall Street Journal, Jan 8, 2009.
  142. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN323-111, confirmed Sep 9, 2009. Weisman, Jonathan and Bravin Jess.Obama's Regulatory Czar Likely to Set a New Tone,Wall Street Journal, Jan 8, 2009.
  143. ^American Presidency Project."Executive Order 9246 on Coordination and Control of the Rubber Program" Sep 17, 1942. Jeffers appointed on Sep 17, 1942. Eiler, Keith E. "Mobilizing America: Robert P. Patterson and the war effort, 1940–1945", Cornell Univ Press, 1997, p. 272."Confident Exit",Time, Sep 13, 1943
  144. ^"People - Ryan in Wings as Savings and Loan Czar",Los Angeles Times, Mar 9, 1990.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN1161-101, confirmed, PN196-105 successor nominated.
  145. ^Special Report Tech."A Talk with Bush's Science Czar", Mar 16, 2004. About OSTP."Previous Science Advisors" "OSTP.gov"
  146. ^Goler, Wendell.Questions Raised Over Influence of Obama 'Czars',FoxNews.com, July 13, 2009.Jones, Richard M.Senate Confirms Holdren as new OSTP Director,American Institute of Physics Bulletin of Science and Policy News, Mar 20, 2009.Archived by Webcite
  147. ^"Failure",Time, May 18, 1942.American Presidency Project.Executive Order Establishing the War Shipping Administration, Feb 7, 1942.American Presidency Project.Letter Accepting Resignation of Admiral Land as Administrator, War Shipping Administration, Jan 4, 1946
  148. ^Position created statute: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 HR1, 2009. Halperin, Mark."Obama to Name Stimulus Oversight Czar",Time, Feb 22, 2009.
  149. ^Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations: PN426, confirmed by Senate as Assoc Dir. of OSTP, May 19, 2009.Weekly AddressArchived 2009-11-01 at theWayback Machine,WhiteHouse.gov, Apr 18, 2009.
  150. ^Position created.Presidential Decision Directive 63Archived 2010-05-27 at theWayback Machine, May 1998. "Leung, Rebecca."Clarke's Take On Terror",CBS News, Mar 21, 2004, archived byWebCite. Borger, Julian.Bush ignored terror threat, claims ex-aide,UK Guardian, Mar 22, 2004, archived byWebCite.
  151. ^Leung, Rebecca."Clarke's Take On Terror",CBS News, Mar 21, 2004, archived byWebcite. Borger, Julian."Bush ignored terror threat, claims ex-aide",The Guardian, Mar 22, 2004, archived by WebCite.
  152. ^Office of Press Secretary.Personnel Announcement,GeorgeWBushWhitehouse.com, Oct 9, 2001. Bernstein, Adam."Gen. Wayne Downing, Deputy National Security Adviser",Washington Post, Jul 18, 2007. Calmes, Jackie."Corporate Crimes Strain Agencies Already Tasked With Antiterrorism",Wall Street Journal, Jun 22, 2002, archived by Webcite.
  153. ^Smith, R. Jeffrey.Obama Taps CIA Veteran As Adviser On Terror,Washington Post, Jan 8, 2009.Carpenter, Amanda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090618071426/http://washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jun/15/hot-button-18545829/ "Hot Button",Washington Times, Jun 15, 2009. archived byWebCite.
  154. ^"Summary of the September 13, 2012 Meeting of the Board Of Directors of the Millennium Challenge Corporation, from the MCC.gov website"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on February 21, 2014. RetrievedFebruary 15, 2014.
  155. ^"Council on Women and Girls, White House Website". Archived fromthe original on May 10, 2013.
  156. ^Tucker, Ray."News Behind the News"The Evening Independent, Jul 16, 1941.American Presidency Project.Executive Order establishing the office. Dec 18, 1941.
  157. ^J. Monroe Johnson Papers, 1894–1964University S Carolina Libraries. United Press."Transport Plan in Operation Eugene Register-Guard, May 24, 1946.American Presidency Project"Exec Order 10065 - Termination of the Office of Defense Transportation", Jul 6, 1949.
  158. ^Office of the Press Secretary.President Barack Obama Announces Key White House PostsArchived 2009-07-15 at theWayback Machine,WhiteHouse.gov, Feb 19, 2009. Meckler, Laura.'Czars' Ascend at White House,Wall Street Journal, Dec 15, 2008.
  159. ^"Bush picks Gen. Lute as "war czar" for Iraq", Stolberg, Sheryl.[2],New York Times, May 16, 2007.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN599-110 confirmed Jun 28, 2007.
  160. ^Cole, August."Obama's Pick for Weapons Czar Will Target Cost Overruns",Wall Street Journal, Mar 26, 2009.Thomas LOC Presidential Nominations. PN207-111, confirmed Apr 23, 2009.
  161. ^"Gary Samore Tapped for Weapons of Mass Destruction 'Czar'",Fox News, Jan 29, 2009. Arms Control Update."Press Briefing by Gary Samore and Denis McDonough", Apr 5, 2009.
  162. ^Sickinger, Ted."Energy efficiency advocates press state for speedy action on new programs",The Oregonian, Aug 13, 2009."Weatherization Assistance Program Technical Assistance Center"Archived 2009-09-18 at theWayback Machine, Retrieved September 2, 2009"Plum Book"Archived 2009-08-09 at theWayback Machine,GPOAccess.gov
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