TheUnited States chemical weapons program began in 1917 duringWorld War I with the creation of the U.S. Army's Gas Service Section and ended 73 years later in 1990 with the country's practical adoption of theChemical Weapons Convention (signed 1993; entered into force, 1997). Destruction of stockpiled chemical weapons began in 1985 and is still ongoing. TheU.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, atAberdeen Proving Ground,Maryland, continues to operate for purely defensive research and education purposes.

The U.S. chemical weapons programs have generally been run by theU.S. Army:

• American Expeditionary Force Gas Service Section
• American Expeditionary Force Chemical Service Section
• U.S. Army Gas School
• U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center
• U.S. Army Soldier and Biological-Chemical Command
• United States Army Chemical Corps, originally the Chemical Warfare Service
• United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense
• U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency
• Program Executive Office, Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives
• United States Army CBRN School

• Chemical mortar battalion
• 1st Gas Regiment
• 2nd Chemical Mortar Battalion

Active bases

• Blue Grass Army Depot
• Pueblo Chemical Depot

Closed bases

• Johnston Atoll Chemical Agent Disposal System (closed 2000)
• Edgewood Chemical Activity atAberdeen Proving Ground (closed 2006)
• Hawthorne Army Depot (eliminated shells 1999)
• Newport Chemical Depot (closed 2008)
• Pine Bluff Chemical Activity (closed 2014)^[1]
• Umatilla Chemical Depot (closed 2014)^[2]
• Anniston Chemical Activity (closed 2013)^[3]
• Deseret Chemical Depot withTooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (closed 2013)^[4]

• Camp American University
• Camp Leach
• Dugway Proving Ground
• Rocky Mountain Arsenal
• Navajo Ordnance Depot

The U.S. is party to several treaties which limit chemical weapons:

• Chemical Weapons Convention
• Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act of 1998
• Executive Order 11850
• Executive Order 13049
• Executive Order 13128
• Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)
• Treaty relating to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in Warfare - Failed because France objected to clauses relating to submarine warfare
• Geneva Protocol
• Public Law 99-145

While these weapon systems were developed, they were not produced or stored in the US chemical weapons stockpile.

• BIGEYE bomb
• XM-736 8-inch binary projectile

• LCI(M), infantry landing craft armed with 4.2 in mortar
• M1135 nuclear, biological, and chemical reconnaissance vehicle, a variation of theStryker vehicle
• M93 Fox
• MQM-58 Overseer

• M1 chemical mine
• M1 chemical bomb
• M10 smoke tank
• M104 155 mm shell
• M110A1/A2 155 mm shell
• M114 bomblet
• M121/A1 155 mm shell
• M122 155 mm shell

• M125 bomblet, (developed as E54R6) chemical bomblet used with M34A1 cluster bomb
• M134 bomblet, (developed as E130R1), chemical bomblet for use with Honest John rockets
• M138 bomblet, sub-munition for the M43 cluster bomb
• M139 cluster bomblets for theMGR-1 Honest John rocket and other missile systems
• M2 mortar shell (M2A1) for theM2 4.2 Inch Mortar
• M23 chemical mine
• M34A1 cluster bomb (developed as E101R3), first U.S. air-delivered nerve agent weapon
• M360 105 mm shell
• M426 8-inch shell
• M43 cluster bomb
• M44 generator cluster
• M47 bomb, 100 lb. World War II-era chemical bomb
• M55 rocket
• M6 canister, BZ sub-munition for the M44 generator cluster
• M60 105 mm shell
• M687 155 mm shell
• MC-1 bomb
• Mk 94 bomb
• Mk 95 bomb
• Weteye bomb, also known as the Mk-116 bomb

Agents stockpiled at the time of Chemical Weapons Convention:

• isopropyl aminoethylmethyl phosphonite, or QL, part of a binary weapon (VX)
• Methylphosphonyl difluoride (known to the military as DF) and a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and isopropyl amine (known as OPA), abinary chemical weapon (sarin)
• Mustard gas
• Sarin (GB)
• VX
• Rainbow Herbicides

• Phosgene
• Chlorine
• BZ

• Chemical Agent Identification Set (CAIS)
• People sniffer

• Operation Blue Skies
• Operation CHASE, an operation that dumped conventional and chemical munitions at sea
• Operation Davy Jones' Locker, a post-World War II operation aimed at dumping German chemical weapons at seas
• Operation Geranium, a 1948 operation that dumpedlewisite into the Atlantic Ocean.
• Operation Paperclip, a program beginning in 1945 to bring German scientists to the U.S.
• Operation Ranch Hand, defoliant operations during the Vietnam War
• Operation Red Hat, an early 1970 program to repatriate weapons from Okinawa
• Operation Rock Ready, 1980's testing and rebuilding of the M17 series protective mask
• Operation Snoopy, Vietnam Warpeople sniffer operations.
• Operation Steel Box, an operation which moved chemical weapons out of Germany in 1990.

• Bombing of theSSJohn Harvey during theAir Raid on Bari
• Dugway sheep incident

• Edgewood Arsenal human experiments
• Operation LAC, (Large Area Coverage), 1958 test that dropped microscopic particles over much of the United States
• Operation Top Hat, a 1953 Chemical Corps exercise testing decontamination methods on human subjects
• Project SHAD

• United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2015)

• List of U.S. biological weapons topics
• United States and weapons of mass destruction
• MK ULTRA, theCIA-led program to test various chemicals

This articleneeds additional citations forverification. Please helpimprove this article byadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "List of U.S. chemical weapons topics" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR(November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

• Chemical warfare
• United States military-related lists

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Articles to be expanded from January 2015
• All articles to be expanded
• Articles needing additional references from November 2016
• All articles needing additional references