| Lists of philosophers |
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| By century born |
| By nationality |
Russian philosophy includes a variety ofphilosophical movements. Authors who developed them are listed below sorted by movement.
While most authors listed below are primarilyphilosophers, also included here are someRussian fiction writers, such asTolstoy andDostoyevsky, who are also known as philosophers.
Russianphilosophy as a separate entity started its development in the19th century, defined initially by the opposition ofWesternizers, advocating Russia's following the Western political and economical models, andSlavophiles, insisting on developingRussia as a unique civilization. The latter group includedNikolai Danilevsky andKonstantin Leontiev, the early founders ofeurasianism. The discussion of Russia's place in the world has since become the most characteristic feature of Russian philosophy.
In its further development, Russian philosophy was also marked by deep connection toliterature and interest increativity,society,politics andnationalism;cosmos andreligion were other notable subjects.
Notable philosophers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries includeVladimir Solovyev,Vasily Rozanov,Lev Shestov,Leo Tolstoy,Sergei Bulgakov,Pavel Florensky,Nikolai Berdyaev,Pitirim Sorokin, andVladimir Vernadsky.
From the early 1920s to late 1980s, Russian philosophy was dominated byMarxism.
A handful of dissident philosophers survived through theSoviet period, among themAleksei Losev. Stalin's death in 1953 gave way for new schools of thought to spring up, among them Moscow Logic Circle, andTartu-Moscow Semiotic School.
Pre-Solovyov
