| Padma Bhushan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | National Civilian |
| Country | India |
| Presented by |  Government of India |
| Ribbon |  |
| Obverse | A centrally located lotus flower is embossed and the text "Padma" written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus. |
| Reverse | A platinumState Emblem of India placed in the centre with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script |
| Established | 1954 |
| First award | 1954 |
| Total | 94 |
| Website | http://www.padmaawards.gov.in/  |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) |  Padma Vibhushan |
| Next (lower) |  Padma Shri |
← Padma Vibhushan "Dusra Varg" (Class II) | |
ThePadma Bhushan is the third-highestcivilian award of theRepublic of India.[1] Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex.[2] The recipients receive aSanad, a certificate signed by thePresident of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year onRepublic Day (26 January) and registered inThe Gazette of India—a publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, under theMinistry of Urban Development.[3] The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in theGazette. The name of recipient, whose award have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, is archived and they are required to surrender their medal when their name is struck from the register;[4] none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1954–1959 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all thestate and the union territory governments, as well as fromMinistries of the Government of India, theBharat Ratna and thePadma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, theChief Ministers and theGovernors of State, and theMembers of Parliament including private individuals.[3]
When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tierPadma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. The original specification of the award was a circle made of standard silver1+3⁄8 inches (35 mm) in diameter, with rims on both the sides. A centrally located lotus flower was embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma Vibhushan" written inDevanagari script was inscribed above the lotus along the upper edge of the medal. A floral wreath was embossed along the lower edge and a lotus wreath at the top along the upper edge. TheState Emblem of India was placed in the centre of the reverse side with the text "Desh Seva" in Devanagari Script on the lower edge. The medal was suspended by a pink riband1+1⁄4 inches (32 mm) in width divided into three equal segments by two white vertical lines.[2]
On 15 January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards; the Padma Vibhushan, the highest of the three, followed by the Padma Bhushan and thePadma Shri. The criteria includes "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants" but excluding those working with thePublic sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards but this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute. The design was also modified to the form that is currently in use. The current design is a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion1+3⁄4 inches (44 mm) in diameter and1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of1+3⁄16 inches (30 mm) side is embossed with a knob embossed within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter1+1⁄16 inches (27 mm) is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" written inDevanagari script is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus. TheEmblem of India is placed in the centre of the reverse side with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari Script, inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband1+1⁄4 inches (32 mm) in width with a broad white stripe in the middle.[3][4] It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations ofthe Indian civilian and military awards.[a]
A total of twenty-three awards were conferred in 1954 followed by twelve in 1955; thirteen in 1956; sixteen in 1957; sixteen again in 1958, and fourteen in 1959, giving a total of 94 recipients in the first six years—including one foreign recipient awarded in 1955. Till 1959, individuals from nine different fields were awarded which includes twenty-six from literature and education, seventeen from civil service, twelve artists, ten from science and engineering, ten from social work, eight from public affairs, six from medicine, four sportspersons, and one from trade and industry.
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| Year | Image | Laureates | Field | State / country[6] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | .jpg) | Homi Jehangir Bhabha | Science and Engineering | Maharashtra |
| 1954 |  | Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar | Science and Engineering | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1954 | Mahadeva Iyer Ganapati | Civil Service | Odisha | |
| 1954 |  | Jnan Chandra Ghosh | Science and Engineering | West Bengal |
| 1954 | Radha Krishan Gupta | Civil Service | Delhi | |
| 1954 |  | Maithili Sharan Gupt | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1954 | R. R. Handa | Civil Service | Punjab | |
| 1954 |  | Amarnath Jha | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1954 |  | Ajudhiya Nath Khosla | Science and Engineering | Delhi |
| 1954 |  | Kariamanickam Srinivasa Krishnan | Science and Engineering | Tamil Nadu |
| 1954 |  | Hussain Ahmad Madani | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1954 |  | Josh Malihabadi | Literature and Education | Delhi |
| 1954 | Vaikunthbhai Mehta | Public Affairs | Gujarat | |
| 1954 |  | Vallathol Narayana Menon | Literature and Education | Kerala |
| 1954 |  | A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar | Literature and Education | Tamil Nadu |
| 1954 |  | Maharaj Kr. Palden T Namgyal | Public Affairs | Punjab |
| 1954 |  | V. Narahari Rao | Civil Service | Karnataka |
| 1954 | .jpg) | Pandyala Satyanarayana Rau | Civil Service | Andhra Pradesh |
| 1954 |  | Jamini Roy | Arts | West Bengal |
| 1954 |  | Sukumar Sen | Civil Service | West Bengal |
| 1954 | Satya Narayana Shastri | Medicine | Uttar Pradesh | |
| 1954 | .jpg) | M. S. Subbulakshmi | Arts | Tamil Nadu |
| 1954 |  | Kodandera Subayya Thimayya | Civil Service | Karnataka |
| 1955 | Fateh Chand Badhwar | Civil Service | Punjab | |
| 1955 | Lalit Mohan Banerjee | Medicine | West Bengal | |
| 1955 |  | Suniti Kumar Chatterji | Literature and Education | West Bengal |
| 1955 |  | Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay | Social Work | West Bengal |
| 1955 |  | Surender Kumar Dey | Civil Service | Delhi |
| 1955 | Vasant Ramji Khanolkar | Medicine | Maharashtra | |
| 1955 | Sunder Das Khungar | Civil Service | Punjab | |
| 1955 |  | Rameshwari Nehru | Social Work | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1955 |  | Prana Krushna Parija | Literature and Education | Odisha |
| 1955 |  | Madapati Rao | Social Work | Andhra Pradesh |
| 1955 | Maneklal Sankalchand Thacker | Science and Engineering | Delhi | |
| 1955 | Attur Rangaswami Venkatachari | Civil Service | Tamil Nadu | |
| 1956 |  | Rukmini Devi Arundale | Arts | Tamil Nadu |
| 1956 | Rajshekhar Basu | Literature and Education | West Bengal | |
| 1956 |  | Dhyan Chand | Sports | Punjab |
| 1956 | Malur Srinivasa Thirumale Iyengar | Civil Service | Tamil Nadu | |
| 1956 |  | Nawab Zain Yar Jung | Public Affairs | Andhra Pradesh |
| 1956 | Pushpavati Janardanrai Mehta | Public Affairs | Maharashtra | |
| 1956 |  | Cottari Kankaiyah Nayudu | Sports | Tamil Nadu |
| 1956 | .jpg) | Muthulakshmi Reddi | Medicine | Tamil Nadu |
| 1956 | Kanwar Sain | Civil Service | Rajasthan | |
| 1956 |  | Vir Singh | Literature and Education | Punjab |
| 1956 |  | Kasturi Srinivasan | Literature and Education | Punjab |
| 1956 |  | Mahadevi Varma | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1956 | Tiruvadi Sambasiva Venkataraman | Science and Engineering | Tamil Nadu | |
| 1957 | Bhikham Lal Atreya | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh | |
| 1957 |  | T. Balasaraswati | Arts | Tamil Nadu |
| 1957 |  | Alagappa Chettiar | Social Work | Tamil Nadu |
| 1957 |  | Hazari Prasad Dwivedi | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1957 | Abid Hussain | Literature and Education | Uttar Pradesh | |
| 1957 |  | Mushtaq Hussain Khan | Arts | Madhya Pradesh |
| 1957 | .jpg) | Lakshmi Menon | Public Affairs | Kerala |
| 1957 |  | Radha Kumud Mukherjee | Public Affairs | West Bengal |
| 1957 | K. Covilagam Kutti Ettan Raja | Civil Service | Kerala | |
| 1957 | Andal Venkatasubba Rao | Social Work | Andhra Pradesh | |
| 1957 | Shrikrishna N. Ratanjankar | Arts | Uttar Pradesh | |
| 1957 | Shyam Nandan Sahay | Literature and Education | Bihar | |
| 1957 |  | Govind Sakharam Sardesai | Literature and Education | Maharashtra |
| 1957 |  | K. A. Nilakanta Sastri | Literature and Education | Tamil Nadu |
| 1957 |  | Boshi Sen | Science and Engineering | West Bengal |
| 1957 | Siddheshwar Varma | Literature and Education | Chandigarh | |
| 1958 |  | Salim Ali | Science and Engineering | Maharashtra |
| 1958 |  | Vijaya Anand | Sports | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1958 |  | D. P. Roy Choudhury | Arts | West Bengal |
| 1958 | Jehangir Ghandy | Trade and Industry | Maharashtra | |
| 1958 |  | Narayan Subarao Hardikar | Social Work | Karnataka |
| 1958 | Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar | Arts | Tamil Nadu | |
| 1958 |  | Allauddin Khan | Arts | Uttar Pradesh |
| 1958 | Kumar Padma Siva Shankara Menon | Civil Service | Kerala | |
| 1958 | Arathil C. Narayanan Nambiar | Civil Service | Kerala | |
| 1958 |  | Kuppali Venkatappagowda Puttappa | Literature and Education | Karnataka |
| 1958 | Poola Tirupati Raju | Literature and Education | Rajasthan | |
| 1958 | Kamalendumati Shah | Social Work | Delhi | |
| 1958 |  | Rao Raja Hanut Singh | Public Affairs | Rajasthan |
| 1958 | Rustom Jal Vakil | Medicine | Maharashtra | |
| 1958 |  | Surya Narayan Vyas | Literature and Education | Madhya Pradesh |
| 1958 |  | Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia | Science and Engineering | Maharashtra |
| 1959 | Sisir Kumar Bhaduri[b] | Arts | West Bengal | |
| 1959 |  | Ramdhari Singh Dinkar | Literature and Education | Bihar |
| 1959 | .jpg) | Ali Yavar Jung | Civil Service | Maharashtra |
| 1959 | Hansa Jivraj Mehta | Social Work | Maharashtra | |
| 1959 |  | Pammal Sambandha Mudaliar | Arts | Tamil Nadu |
| 1959 |  | Tiruppattur R. Venkatachala Murti | Literature and Education | Tamil Nadu |
| 1959 | .jpg) | Tenzing Norgay | Sports | West Bengal |
| 1959 |  | Bhaurao Patil | Social Work | Maharashtra |
| 1959 | Jal Cawashaw Paymaster | Medicine | Maharashtra | |
| 1959 | Dhanvanthi Rama Rau | Social Work | Maharashtra | |
| 1959 | Nirmal Kumar Sidhanta | Literature and Education | West Bengal | |
| 1959 | Kankanhalli Vasudevachary | Arts | Karnataka | |
| 1959 |  | Bhargavaram Viththal Varerkar | Public Affairs | Maharashtra |
| 1959 | Ghulam Yazdani | Science and Engineering | Andhra Pradesh |
The President is pleased to institute an award to be designated 'Padma Vibhushan' in three classes, namely: 'Pahela Varg', 'Dusra Varg' and 'Tisra Varg'
All persons upon whom the decoration of 'Padma Vibhushan' ('Dusra Varg') was conferred under the Regulations issued with Notification No. 2-Pres./54, dated the 2nd January, 1954, shall, for all purposes of these regulations, be deemed to be persons on whom the decoration of Padma Bhushan has been conferred by the President.