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List of Olympic Games host cities

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For individual summer and winter lists, seeList of Summer Olympic Games andList of Winter Olympic Games
For villages that house Olympic athletes, seeList of Olympic Villages.

Map of host cities and countries of the modern summer (orange) and winter (blue) Olympics. * Tokyo hosted the 2020 Summer Olympics in 2021, postponed due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.Inthe SVG file, tap or hover over a city to show its name (only on the desktop).

Themodern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer and winter games have usually celebrated a four-year period known as an Olympiad. From the inaugural Winter Games in 1924 until 1992, winter and summer Games were held in the same year. Since 1994, summer and winter Games have been held in staggered even years. The last Olympic games were held at Paris in July-Aug 2024. Through 2024, there have been 30Summer Olympic Games, held in 23 cities, and 24Winter Olympic Games, held in 21 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the games were scheduled to take place but were later cancelled due to war:Berlin (summer) in1916;Sapporo–Garmisch-Partenkirchen (winter) andTokyo–Helsinki (summer) in 1940; andCortina d'Ampezzo (winter) andLondon (summer) in 1944. The1906 Intercalated Olympics were officially sanctioned and held inAthens. However, in 1949, theInternational Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games.[1][2] The2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were postponed for the first time in the Olympics history to summer 2021 due to theCOVID-19 pandemic, with the2022 Winter Olympics being held roughly six months later inBeijing which also hosted the2008 Summer Olympics.[3][4]

Five cities and regions have been chosen by theIOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: the2026 Winter Olympics will be the first Olympic Games officially shared between two host cities (Milan andCortina d'Ampezzo);Los Angeles for the2028 Summer Olympics; the2030 Winter Olympics will be the first Olympic Games to be hosted by a region (theFrench Alps—comprising 7 cities and towns);Brisbane will host the2032 Summer Olympics; andSalt Lake City will host the2034 Winter Olympics.

In 2022, Beijing became the first city to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. By 2034, eleven cities will have hosted the Olympic Games more than once: Athens (1896 and2004 Summer Olympics),Paris (1900,1924 and2024 Summer Olympics), London (1908,1948 and2012 Summer Olympics),St. Moritz (1928 and1948 Winter Olympics),Lake Placid (1932 and1980 Winter Olympics), Los Angeles (1932,1984 and2028 Summer Olympics), Cortina d'Ampezzo (1956 and2026 Winter Olympics),Innsbruck (1964 and1976 Winter Olympics), Tokyo (1964 and2020 Summer Olympics), Beijing (2008 Summer Olympics and2022 Winter Olympics) and Salt Lake City (2002 and2034 Winter Olympics).Stockholm hosted the1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the1956 Summer Olympics. London and Paris have both hosted three Games, while Los Angeles will become the third city to gain that distinction in 2028.

As of 2024,[update] a large majority of the Games (41 out of 54) have been hosted in Western Europe, the United States, Canada, or Australia. Eight Games have been hosted in Asia (all in East Asia), three in Eastern Europe, and two in Latin America. Africa has yet to host an Olympic Games. Other major geographic regions and subcontinents that have never hosted the Olympics include the Middle East, Central Asia, theIndian subcontinent, Southeast Asia,Antarctica, and theCaribbean. Between the first Winter Olympics in 1924 and the last ones to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics in 1992, the Summer and Winter Games took place in the same country three times.

Usually, the Games' host cities are selected by the IOC members six to seven years in advance.[5]

Until the 2022 Winter Olympics, the selection process lasts approximately two years. In the first stage, any city in the world may apply to become a host city. After ten months, the Executive Board of the IOC decides which applicant cities will become official candidates based on the recommendation of a working group that reviews the applications. In the second stage, the candidate cities are investigated thoroughly by an Evaluation Commission, which then submits a final short list of cities for selection. The host city is then chosen by vote of theIOC session, a general meeting of IOC members.[6] There was a change in host selection process in the late 2010s to address several problems – including the costs of hosting and the disappointment felt by unsuccessful applicants. CalledOlympic Agenda 2020,[7] this new process is focused on reducing the cost of Games, minimising wasteful single-use construction projects and increasing the benefits felt by host nations. Bids are now easier and less expensive to prepare. The 2032 Summer Games host city was the first to be fully selected under this process, but other elements and rules were introduced later.

Olympic Games host cities

[edit]

Host cities for Summer and Winter Olympic Games

[edit]

Key

 †  Cancelled
 §  Postponed
CityCountryYearRegionSummerWinterOpening ceremonyClosing ceremonyRef.
AthensGreece1896EuropeS005I6 April 189615 April 1896
ParisFrance1900S005II14 May 190028 October 1900
St. Louis[a]United States1904North AmericaS005III1 July 190423 November 1904
London[b]United Kingdom1908EuropeS005IV27 April 190831 October 1908
StockholmSweden1912S005V6 July 191222 July 1912
†BerlinGermany1916S006VICancelled due toWWI[11]
Antwerp[c]Belgium1920S007VII14 August 192012 September 1920[12]
ChamonixFrance1924W001I25 January 19245 February 1924[13]
ParisS008VIII5 July 192427 July 1924[14]
St. Moritz  Switzerland1928W002II11 February 192819 February 1928[15]
AmsterdamNetherlandsS009IX28 July 192812 August 1928[16]
Lake PlacidUnited States1932North AmericaW003III4 February 193213 February 1932[17]
Los AngelesS010X30 July 193214 August 1932[18]
Garmisch-PartenkirchenGermany1936EuropeW004IV6 February 193616 February 1936[19]
BerlinS011XI1 August 193616 August 1936[20]
†Sapporo
Garmisch-Partenkirchen[d]		Japan
Germany		1940Asia
Europe		VW005aCancelled due toWWII[11]
†Tokyo
Helsinki[e]		Japan
Finland		XII
†Cortina d'AmpezzoItaly1944EuropeV
†LondonUnited KingdomXIIIS013
St. Moritz  Switzerland1948W005cV30 January 19488 February 1948
LondonUnited KingdomS014XIV29 July 194814 August 1948
OsloNorway1952W006VI14 February 195225 February 1952
HelsinkiFinlandS015XV19 July 19523 August 1952
Cortina d'AmpezzoItaly1956W007VII26 January 19565 February 1956
Melbourne
Stockholm[f]		Australia
Sweden		Oceania
Europe		S016XVI10 June 1956
22 November 1956		17 June 1956
8 December 1956		[22]
Squaw ValleyUnited States1960North AmericaW008VIII18 February 196028 February 1960
RomeItalyEuropeS017XVII27 August 196011 September 1960
InnsbruckAustria1964W009IX29 January 19649 February 1964
TokyoJapanAsiaS018XVIII10 October 196424 October 1964
GrenobleFrance1968EuropeW010X6 February 196818 February 1968
Mexico CityMexicoNorth AmericaS019XIX12 October 196827 October 1968
SapporoJapan1972AsiaW011XI3 February 197213 February 1972
MunichWest GermanyEuropeS020XX26 August 197211 September 1972[g]
Innsbruck[h]Austria1976W012XII4 February 197615 February 1976
MontrealCanadaNorth AmericaS021XXI17 July 19761 August 1976
Lake PlacidUnited States1980W013XIII13 February 198024 February 1980
MoscowSoviet Union[i]EuropeS022XXII19 July 19803 August 1980
SarajevoYugoslavia[j]1984W014XIV8 February 198419 February 1984
Los AngelesUnited StatesNorth AmericaS023XXIII28 July 198412 August 1984
CalgaryCanada1988W015XV13 February 198828 February 1988
SeoulSouth KoreaAsiaS024XXIV17 September 19882 October 1988
AlbertvilleFrance1992EuropeW016XVI8 February 199223 February 1992
BarcelonaSpainS025XXV25 July 19929 August 1992
LillehammerNorway1994W017XVII12 February 199427 February 1994
AtlantaUnited States1996North AmericaS026XXVI19 July 19964 August 1996
NaganoJapan1998AsiaW018XVIII7 February 199822 February 1998
SydneyAustralia2000OceaniaS027XXVII15 September 20001 October 2000
Salt Lake CityUnited States2002North AmericaW019XIX8 February 200224 February 2002
AthensGreece2004EuropeS028XXVIII13 August 200429 August 2004
TurinItaly2006W020XX10 February 200626 February 2006
Beijing[k]China2008AsiaS029XXIX8 August 200824 August 2008[24]
VancouverCanada2010North AmericaW021XXI12 February 201028 February 2010
LondonUnited Kingdom2012EuropeS030XXX27 July 201212 August 2012
SochiRussia[i]2014W022XXII7 February 201423 February 2014
Rio de JaneiroBrazil2016South AmericaS031XXXI5 August 201621 August 2016
PyeongchangSouth Korea2018AsiaW023XXIII9 February 201825 February 2018
§TokyoJapan2020S032XXXII23 July 2021[l]8 August 2021[l]
BeijingChina2022W024XXIV4 February 202220 February 2022
Paris[m]France2024EuropeS033XXXIII26 July 202411 August 2024
Milan
Cortina d'Ampezzo		Italy2026W025XXV6 February 202622 February 2026
Los AngelesUnited States2028North AmericaS034XXXIV14 July 202830 July 2028
French Alps[n]France2030EuropeW026XXVI1 February 203017 February 2030
BrisbaneAustralia2032OceaniaS035XXXV23 July 20328 August 2032
Salt Lake City[o]United States2034North AmericaW027XXVII3 February 203419 February 2034
  • The IOC has also entered "privileged dialogue" with Switzerland for the 2038 Winter Games.[28]

Host cities for multiple Summer and Winter Olympic Games

[edit]
List of cities that hosted multiple editions of the Olympic Games
TotalCityCountryRegionSummer OlympicsWinter Olympics
3LondonUnited KingdomEurope3 (1908,1948,2012)
Los AngelesUnited StatesNorth America3 (1932,1984,2028)
ParisFranceEurope3 (1900,1924,2024)
2Albertville2 (1992,2030[29])
AthensGreece2 (1896,2004)
BeijingChinaAsia1 (2008)1 (2022)
Cortina d'AmpezzoItalyEurope2 (1956,2026)
Turin2 (2006,2030[29])
InnsbruckAustria2 (1964,1976)
Lake PlacidUnited StatesNorth America2 (1932,1980)
Salt Lake City2 (2002,2034)
St. Moritz  SwitzerlandEurope2 (1928,1948)
TokyoJapanAsia2 (1964,2020)
  • Italics denote future events

Number of Olympic Games by country

[edit]
Nations that have hosted or will host the Olympics:
  10 times
  7 times
  4 times
  3 times
  Twice
  Once
  Never held games
List of countries ranked by the number of times they hosted or will host the Olympic Games
TotalCountryRegionFirst
year		Last
year		Summer OlympicsWinter Olympics
10United StatesNorth America190420345 (1904,1932,1984,1996,2028)5 (1932,1960,1980,2002,2034)
7FranceEurope190020303 (1900,1924,2024)4 (1924,1968,1992,2030)
4Italy195620261 (1960)3 (1944,1956,2006,2026)
JapanAsia196420202 (1940,1964,2020)2 (1940,1972,1998)
3AustraliaOceania195620323 (1956,2000,2032)
CanadaNorth America197620101 (1976)2 (1988,2010)
GermanyEurope193619722 (1916,1936,1972)1 (1936,1940)
United Kingdom190820123 (1908,1944,1948,2012)
2Austria196419762 (1964,1976)
ChinaAsia200820221 (2008)1 (2022)
GreeceEurope189620042 (1896,2004)
Norway195219942 (1952,1994)
Russia[i]198020141 (1980)1 (2014)
South KoreaAsia198820181 (1988)1 (2018)
 SwitzerlandEurope192819482 (1928,1940,1948)
1Belgium192019201 (1920)
Bosnia and Herzegovina[j]198419841 (1984)
BrazilSouth America201620161 (2016)
FinlandEurope195219521 (1940,1952)
MexicoNorth America196819681 (1968)
NetherlandsEurope192819281 (1928)
Spain199219921 (1992)
Sweden191219121 (1912)

Number of Olympic Games by region

[edit]
TotalRegionFirst
year		Last
year
Summer Olympics
Winter Olympics
33Europe1896203017 (1896,1900,1908,1912,1916,1920,1924,1928,1936,1940,1944,1948,1952,1960,1972,1980,[i]1992,2004,2012,2024)16 (1924,1928,1936,1940,1944,1948,1952,1956,1964,1968,1976,1984,1992,1994,2006,2014,[i]2026,2030)
15Americas190420348 (1904,1932,1968,1976,1984,1996,2016,[p]2028)7 (1932,1960,1980,1988,2002,2010,2034)
8Asia196420224 (1940,1964,1988,2008,2020)4 (1940,1972,1998,2018,2022)
3Oceania195620323 (1956,2000,2032)
0Africa––


Africa has never hosted any Olympics. Egypt, South Africa, and Morocco have been acknowledged as future possibilities, although it is noted that increased dialogue and developments are needed.[31]

In addition, the Middle East, though not a continent (with most of the region situated in Asia), has never hosted an Olympic Games. Several nations have been in talks as potential hosts, but the only city to enter a formal bid wasDoha (see alsoList of bids for the Summer Olympics).

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Originally awarded toChicago, but moved to St. Louis to coincide with theWorld's Fair.[8][9]
  2. ^Originally awarded to Rome, but moved to London after the eruption ofMount Vesuvius.[10]
  3. ^Thesailing events in 1920 were held inOstend, Belgium and in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
  4. ^The 1940 Winter Olympics were originally awarded to Sapporo, Japan, but the commencement of theSecond Sino-Japanese War in 1937 caused them to be relocated toGarmisch-Partenkirchen,Nazi Germany, before being cancelled in 1939 because ofWorld War II.
  5. ^The 1940 Summer Olympics were originally awarded to Tokyo, Japan, but the commencement of theSecond Sino-Japanese War in 1937 caused them to be relocated to Helsinki, Finland, before being cancelled in 1939 because ofWorld War II.
  6. ^Equestrian events were held in Stockholm, Sweden, due to Australian quarantine laws. Stockholm had to bid for the equestrian competition separately; it received its own Olympic flame and had its own formal invitations and opening and closing ceremonies as per the regular Summer Olympics.[21]
  7. ^Originally scheduled to end on 10 September 1972, but was postponed by one day after events had been suspended for 34 hours because of theMunich massacre, which happened after day 9.
  8. ^Originally awarded toDenver, Colorado, US, in 1970, but in 1972, after a failed referendum, Denver withdrew. The IOC eventually decided to relocate the Games to Innsbruck, Austria.
  9. ^abcdeRussia (like the formerSoviet Union) spans the continents of Europe and Asia. However, theRussianOlympic Committee is part of theEuropean Olympic Committees and has its official seat in Moscow (this was also the case for the formerSoviet Olympic Committee). Also, Moscow is on the European side of the most commonly recognizedboundary between Europe and Asia (Sochi is in Asia per the usual geographic boundary, being just south of theGreater Caucasus' western end; but political approximations of the continental boundary place it in Europe).
  10. ^abLocated in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina, in what was then theSocialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  11. ^Equestrian events were held inHong Kong.[23] Although Hong Kong'sseparate NOC conducted the equestrian competition, it was an integral part of the Beijing Games: unlike the 1956 Stockholm equestrian competition, it was not conducted under a separate Hong Kong bid, separate flame, etc.
  12. ^abThe 2020 Summer Olympics were originally scheduled for 24 July to 9 August 2020, but were postponed to 2021 due to theCOVID-19 pandemic. However, the event was still referred to as the 2020 Summer Olympics (marking the 32ndOlympiad) to preserve the 4-year Olympiad cycle.[3]
  13. ^Surfing events were held in France'soverseas collectivity ofFrench Polynesia, where there isa separate NOC that is not a member of the International Olympic Committee.[25]
  14. ^The Olympic Host Contract officially designates the regions ofAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes andProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur as the hosts of the 2030 Winter Olympics.[26]
  15. ^The Olympic Host Contract officially designates the state ofUtah as the host of the 2034 Winter Olympics.[27]
  16. ^The2016 Summer Olympics were the first Olympics to be held inSouth America.[30]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberly D. (2004).Encyclopedia of the Modern Olympic Movement. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 41.ISBN 978-0-313-32278-5.
  2. ^Karl Lennartz."The 2nd International Olympic Games In Athens 1906"(PDF).Journal of Olympic History. No. Dec. 2001–Jan. 2002. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 17 December 2013. Retrieved26 May 2019.
  3. ^ab"IOC, IPC, Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee and Tokyo Metropolitan Government Announce New Dates for the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020".International Olympic Committee. 30 March 2020.Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2020.
  4. ^"Tokyo 2020: Olympic Games organisers 'agree postponement'".BBC Sport. 24 March 2020.Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved24 March 2020.
  5. ^Group, Taylor Francis (2003).The Europa World Yearbook. Taylor and Francis Group. p. 247.ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.Archived from the original on 23 August 2024. Retrieved15 November 2020.
  6. ^"Choice of the Host City".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved4 June 2009.
  7. ^"The history of the process to elect Olympic Hosts".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 29 July 2024. Retrieved10 August 2024.
  8. ^"St Louis 1904".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 13 April 2008. Retrieved29 July 2008.
  9. ^"St. Louis gets Olympic Games; International Committee Sanctions the Change for the World's Fair in 1904"(PDF).The New York Times. No. 12 February 1903.Archived(PDF) from the original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved29 July 2008.
  10. ^"Rome Games moved to London". realclearsports.com. 2008. Archived fromthe original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved23 January 2011.
  11. ^abDurántez, Conrado (April–May 1997)."The Olympic Movement, a twentieth-century phenomenon"(PDF).Olympic Review.XXVI (14):56–57. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 11 September 2008.
  12. ^"Antwerp 1920 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 19 August 2021. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  13. ^"Chamonix 1924 Winter Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 20 August 2024. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  14. ^"Paris 1924 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  15. ^"St. Moritz 1928 Winter Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 19 August 2024. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  16. ^"Amsterdam 1928 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  17. ^"Lake Placid Winter Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 20 August 2024. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  18. ^"Los Angeles 1932 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 30 May 2022. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  19. ^"Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 Winter Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 19 August 2024. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  20. ^"Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  21. ^"Stockholm/Melbourne 1956".Swedish Olympic Committee. Archived fromthe original on 9 October 2008. Retrieved1 August 2008.
  22. ^"Melbourne 1956 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  23. ^Pile, Tim (25 June 2008)."Hong Kong saddles up for the Olympics".The Telegraph. Archived fromthe original on 20 August 2008. Retrieved29 July 2008.
  24. ^"Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics – Athletes, Medals & Results".International Olympic Committee.Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  25. ^Mather, Victor; Minsberg, Talya (6 March 2020)."For Paris Olympics, Surfing Will Head to Tahiti's 'Wall of Skulls'".The New York Times.ISSN 0362-4331.Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved25 July 2021.
  26. ^"Olympic Host Contract – Principles"(PDF).International Olympic Committee. 2024. Retrieved5 December 2024.
  27. ^"Olympic Host Contract – Principles"(PDF).International Olympic Committee. 24 July 2024. Retrieved5 December 2024.
  28. ^"Winter Olympics 2030 in the French Alps".blue News.Archived from the original on 27 July 2024. Retrieved26 July 2024.
  29. ^ab2030 Winter Olympics will be hosted by French Alps with some events in Albertville (luge, skeleton, bobsleigh, ski jumping, alpine skiing, nordic combined) and Turin (long-track speed-skating).
  30. ^Butcher, Rosina (26 July 2024)."Where did the Olympics originate? A complete history of the host cities".The Telegraph.Archived from the original on 27 July 2024. Retrieved23 August 2024.
  31. ^"Will Africa ever host the Olympic Games as Egypt prepares 2036 bid?".BBC Sport. 17 April 2024.Archived from the original on 4 August 2024. Retrieved29 July 2024.

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