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List of Naga ethnic groups

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Naga is an umbrella term for several indigenous communities inNortheast India andUpper Burma. The word Naga originated as an exonym. Today, it covers a number of ethnic groups that reside in the Indian states ofNagaland,Manipur,Assam andArunachal Pradesh and also inMyanmar.

Before the arrival of the British, the term "Naga" was used in Assam to refer to certain isolated ethnic groups. The British adopted this term for a number of ethnic groups in the surrounding area, based on loose linguistic and cultural associations. Nagaland became the 16th state on 1 December 1965.S. R. Tohring (2010) lists 66 Naga ethnic groups[1] whereas Kibangwar Jamir (2016) lists 67 ethnic groups.[2] The 1991Census of India listed 35 Naga groups as Scheduled Tribes: 17 in Nagaland, 15 in Manipur and 3 in Arunachal Pradesh.[3]

List of Naga ethnic groups

[edit]
Ethnic groupCountryRecognized as Scheduled Tribe by India inPopulation[4][5][6][7]Reference for classification as NagaComments
AnālIndia, MyanmarManipur72,509S.R. Tohring, 2010
AngamiIndiaNagaland141,732S. R. Tohring, 2010
AoIndiaNagaland226,625S. R. Tohring, 2010
ChakhesangIndiaNagaland154,874
ChangIndiaNagaland64,226S. R. Tohring, 2010
ChirrIndiaNagaland138S. R. Tohring, 2010
ChiruIndiaManipur8,599S. R. Tohring, 2010
ChotheIndiaManipur3,585S. R. Tohring, 2010
InpuiIndiaManipurS. R. Tohring, 2010
Kharam (also Purum)IndiaManipur1,145S. R. Tohring, 2010
KhiamniunganMyanmar, IndiaNagaland61,647S. R. Tohring, 2010Also known as Nokow (Noko) in Myanmar.
KonyakMyanmar, IndiaNagaland205,458S. R. Tohring, 2010
LamkangIndiaManipur7,770S. R. Tohring, 2010
LainongMyanmarSagaing22,617Anui Sainyiu, 2002; S. R. Tohring, 2010Also known as Htangngan
LiangmaiIndiaNagaland, ManipurPart of Zeliangrong
LothaIndiaNagaland173,111S. R. Tohring, 2010
Makury (sometimes spelt Makuri)Myanmar, IndiaS. R. Tohring, 2010Considered part of Yimkhiung in Nagaland, India
Mao (also Ememei)IndiaManipur19,0000S. R. Tohring, 2010Khrasi[8]
MaramIndiaManipur27,524S. R. Tohring, 2010
MaringIndiaManipur26,424S. R. Tohring, 2010
MonsangIndiaManipur2,427S. R. Tohring, 2010
MoyonMyanmar, IndiaManipur2,516S. R. Tohring, 2010Moyon Naga.[9][10][11]
Nocte (or Nokte)IndiaArunachal Pradesh34,664S. R. Tohring, 2010Part of Tangshang Naga.
ParaMyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010
PhomIndiaNagaland52,682S. R. Tohring, 2010
PochuryIndiaNagaland21,948S. R. Tohring, 2010
PoumaiIndiaNagaland,

Manipur

127,381S. R. Tohring, 2010
RengmaIndiaAssam, Nagaland62,951S. R. Tohring, 2010
RongmeiIndiaAssam, Manipur170,800S. R. Tohring, 2010Part of Zeliangrong
SangtamIndiaNagaland74,994S. R. Tohring, 2010
Sümi (or Sema)IndiaNagaland236,313S. R. Tohring, 2010
TangkhulIndia, MyanmarManipur178,568
Tangsa (or Tase in language coding name)India, MyanmarArunachal Pradesh15,295S. R. Tohring, 2010Known as Tangshang in Myanmar
TaraoIndiaManipur1,066S. R. Tohring, 2010
ThangalIndiaManipurS. R. Tohring, 2010
TikhirIndiaNagaland7,537S. R. Tohring, 2010
TutsaIndiaArunachal PradeshRobin Tribhuwan, 2005[12]It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga.
WanchoIndiaArunachal Pradesh56,886S. R. Tohring, 2010It is a sub-tribe of Tangshang Naga.
YimkhiungMyanmar, IndiaNagaland66,972S. R. Tohring, 2010
ZemeIndiaNagaland, Assam & Manipur74,877S.R.TohringPart of Zeliangrong Community
  • Angami women
    Angami women
  • Ao woman in traditional attire
    Ao woman in traditional attire
  • A Konyak chief in his traditional outfit
    A Konyak chief in his traditional outfit
  • Liangmai youths performing folk dance during Road Show in Peren, Nagaland
    Liangmai youths performing folk dance during Road Show in Peren, Nagaland
  • A Pochury woman on a book cover
    A Pochury woman on a book cover
  • A diorama and wax figures of Nocte people in a museum
    A diorama andwax figures of Nocte people in a museum
  • Glory Day celebration of the Poumai Naga
    Glory Day celebration of the Poumai Naga
  • Tangkhul girl in a modern adaptation of the traditional dress
    Tangkhul girl in a modern adaptation of the traditional dress
  • A diorama and wax figures of Tangsa people in a museum
    A diorama and wax figures of Tangsa people in a museum
  • A diorama and wax figures of the Wancho people in a museum
    A diorama and wax figures of the Wancho people in a museum
  • Yimkhiung girl at the Kutur village morung
    Yimkhiung girl at the Kutur village morung
  • Rongmeis of Manipur during Gaan-Ngai 2014 at Keikhu, Kabui Village
    Rongmeis of Manipur during Gaan-Ngai 2014 at Keikhu, Kabui Village

Naga ethnic groups with limited recognition

[edit]
Ethnic groupCountryStateReference for classification as NagaComments
KhoibuIndiaManipurRomesh Singh, 2006[13]Also considered as a clan of Maring
Heimi Naga (also Haimi or Hemi)[14]MyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010Limited scope of former name of Tangshang
Pangmi NagaMyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010Limited scope of former name of Tangshang
Muklom NagaIndiaS. R. Tohring, 2010Clan of Tangsa/Tangshang Naga
Rangpang NagaIndiaArunachal PradeshS. R. Tohring, 2010Limited scope of former name of Tangshang
Ollo Naga (Lazu)IndiaArunachal PradeshAlso considered as a clan of Nocte
Koka Naga (Goga)MyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010sometimes considered as a clan of Somra Tangkhul
Longphuri NagaMyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010Also considered as a clan of Makury
Makyam Naga (Paung Nyuan)MyanmarS. R. Tohring, 2010Also considered as a clan of Khiamniungan Naga
Tikhak NagaIndia, MyanmarArunachal PradeshS. R. Tohring, 2010Also considered as a clan of Tangsa/Tangshang Naga

Composite ethnic groups or communities

[edit]

Pakan

[edit]

Anāl, Maring, Lamkang, Moyon, Monsang, Khoibu

Tangshang

[edit]

A combination term, Tang from Tangnyu Vang (Wang) and Shang from Shangnyu Vang (Wang) chieftains, which were formerly known as and includes Heimi (Haimi), Pangmi, Rangpang, Tangsa, Wancho, Nocte, and Tutsa now.

Tenyimi

[edit]

Angami, Chakhesang, Inpui, Mao, Maram, Pochury, Poumai, Rengma, Thangal, Zeliangrong and Northern villages of Jessami, Soraphung and Chingjaroi (Swemi) in Ukhrul district.[15]

Angami: Chakhro Angami, Northern Angami,Southern Angami, Western Angami

Chakhesang:Chokri, Khezha and formerly Pochury (Southern Sangtam) combined[8]

Shepfomei or Shepoumai (Mao–Poumai):Ememei, Lepaona, Chiliivai and Paomata together[8]

Zeliangrong:Zeme, Liangmai and Rongmei

Northern Ukhrul:Villages of Jessami, Soraphung (Krowemi) , Chingjaroi (Asinei) In Northern Ukhrul District

[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^S. R. Tohring (2010).Violence and identity in North-east India: Naga-Kuki conflict. Mittal Publications. pp. xv–xvii.ISBN 978-81-8324-344-5.
  2. ^Jamir, Kibangwar.The Nagas with the three great nations (1st ed.). Dimapur, Nagaland.
  3. ^U. A. Shimray (2007).Naga population and integration movement. Mittal Publications. pp. 25–33.ISBN 978-81-8324-181-6.
  4. ^"List of Scheduled Tribes - Nagaland". Census India.
  5. ^"List of Scheduled Tribes - Manipur". Census India.
  6. ^"List of Scheduled Tribes - Arunachal". Census India.
  7. ^"List of Scheduled Tribes - Assam". Census India.
  8. ^abcWilliam Nepuni (2010).Socio-cultural history of Shüpfomei Naga tribe. Mittal Publications. pp. 24–25.ISBN 978-81-8324-307-0.
  9. ^Sipra Sen (1992).Tribes and Castes of Manipur: Description and Select Bibliography. Mittal Publications. p. 58.ISBN 978-81-7099-310-0.
  10. ^Folk tales of Moyon-Monsang. Directorate for Development of Tribals and Backward Classes, Manipur. 1982. p. 1.
  11. ^G. K. Ghosh; Shukla Ghosh (1997).Women of Manipur. APH. p. 54.ISBN 9788170248972.
  12. ^Robin D. Tribhuwan (1 January 2005).Tribal Housing Issues. Discovery Publishing House. pp. 56–.ISBN 978-81-7141-917-3. Retrieved8 September 2013.
  13. ^M. Romesh Singh (1 January 2006).Tribal Development in 21st Century: An Experience from Manipur. Mittal Publications. p. 60.ISBN 978-81-8324-150-2. Retrieved8 September 2013.
  14. ^[1]
  15. ^"Tenyimi Day message from TPO president".The India Post. 22 February 2012.
  16. ^G. K. Ghosh; Shukla Ghosh (1997).Women of Manipur (illustrated ed.). APH Publishing. p. 4.ISBN 978-81-7024-897-2.
List ofNaga tribes
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