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List of Mongol states

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History of theMongols
Mongol khanates
IX–X
Khereid Khanate
X–1203
Merkit Khanate
XI–XII
Tatar Khanate
IX–XII
Naiman Khanate
–1204
Khamag Mongol Khanate
X–1206
Mongol Empire
1206–1368
Yuan dynasty
1271–1368
Chagatai Khanate
1225–1340s
Moghulistan
1346–1462
Turpan Khanate
1487–1660?
Yarkent Khanate
1514–1705
Golden Horde
1240–1502
Ilkhanate
1256–1335
Chobanids
1335–1357
Jalairid Sultanate
1335–1432
Injuids
1335–1357
Northern Yuan dynasty
1368–1691
Timurid Empire
1370–1507
Kara Del
1383–1513
Four Oirat
1399–1634
Arghun dynasty
1479–1599
Mughal Empire (in India)
1526–1857
Kalmyk Khanate
1630–1731
Khoshut Khanate
1640s–1717
Dzungar Khanate
1634–1758
Bogd Khaganate
1911–1924
Mongolian People's Republic
1924–1992
Mongolia
1992–present

This is alist of Mongol states. TheMongols founded many states such as the vastMongol Empire and other states. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Pre-modern states

[edit]
NameYearsAreaMapCapital
Khanates in the 10th–12th centuries
Khamag Mongol Khanate900s–1206
Merkit KhanateXI–mid XII
Kerait Khanate−1203
Naiman Khanate−1204
Tatar KhanateVI—X/(IX – mid XII?)
Mongol Empire
Mongol Empire1206–136824,000,000 km2[1]Avarga (1206–1235)
Karakorum (1235–1260)
Khanbaliq (1260–1368)
Yuan dynasty
Yuan dynasty1271–136814,000,000 km2 (1310)[2]Khanbaliq
(Dadu,Beijing)
Golden Horde (Turco-Mongol)
Golden Horde1240–15026,000,000 km2 (1310)[3]Sarai Batu
Great Horde1466–1502
Chagatai Khanate (Turco-Mongol)
Chagatai Khanate1225–1340s3,500,000 km2 (1310)[3][2]Almaliq
Qarshi
Western Chagatai Khanate1340s–1370
Moghulistan1340–1462
Kara Del Khanate1383–1513
Turpan Khanate1487–1660?
Yarkent Khanate1514–1705
Ilkhanate
Ilkhanate1256–13353,750,000 km2
[3][2]
Maragha (1256–1265)
Tabriz (1265–1306)
Soltaniyeh (1306–1335)
Chobanids1335–1357Tabriz
Injuids1335–1357Shiraz (Till 1353)
Isfahan (1353–1357)
Jalayirid Sultanate1335–1432Baghdad (Till 1411)
Basra (1411–1432)
Arghun dynasty1479?–1599?
Genghisid Northern Yuan dynasty
Northern Yuan
1368–16355,000,000 km2 (1550)[2]Shangdu (1368–1369)
Yingchang (1369–1370)
Karakorum (1371–1388)
Khalkha Khanates
(Northern Yuan subject by 1635)
late 16th century–1691Tüsheet Khan, Zasagt Khan, Setsen Khan andAltan Khan of the Khalkha
Oirats – Non-Genghisid states
Four Oirat1399–16341,000,000 km2
(15th – late 16th)
~1,600,000 km2
(early 17th century)
Dzungar Khanate1634–17583,500,000–4,000,000 km2Ghulja
Khoshut Khanate1642?–1717~1,400,000 km2
Kalmyk Khanate1630–1771
Timurid states (Persianate Turco-Mongol states)
Timurid Empire1370–15074,400,000 km2 (1405)[4]Samarkand (1370–1405)
Herat (1405–1507)
Mughal Empire1526–18574,000,000 km2 (1700)Agra (1526–1571)
Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585)
Lahore (1585–1598)
Agra (1598–1648)
Shahjahanabad/Delhi (1648–1857)
Other states/Khanate
Khanate of Sibir1468–1598Chimgi-Tura/Qashliq

Modern states

[edit]
NameYearsAreaMapCapital
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
(Buryats)
1919–1926[5][6][7][8]InKizhinginsky District,Buryatia
Republic of Oirat-Kalmyk1930Kalmykia
Inner Mongolian People's Republic1945Xilin GolSonid
Mongolia1911–present1,564,116 km2Ulanbataar

Autonomous areas

[edit]

In Russia

[edit]
NameYearsCapitalAreaMap
State of Buryat-Mongolia1917–1921Chita
Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast1922–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast1921–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic1923–1958Ulan-Ude
Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic1958–1992
Republic of Buryatia1992–present351,300 km2
Agin Buryat-Mongol National Okrug1937–1958Aginskoye
Agin-Buryat National Okrug1958–1977
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug1977–2008
Agin-Buryat Okrug2008–present9,6002
Ust-Orda Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Okrug1937–1958Ust-Ordynsky
Ust-Orda Buryat National Okrug1958–1978
Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug1978–2008
Ust-Orda Buryat Okrug2008–present22,1382
Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast1920–1935
1957–1958
Astrakhan (till 1928)
Elista
Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic1935–1943
1958–1990
Elista
(Elstei)
Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic1990–1992
Kalmyk Republic-Halmg-Tangch1992–1994
Kalmyk Republic1994–present76,100 km2

In China

[edit]
NameYearsCapitalAreaMap
Mengjiang state1936–1945Kalgan
(Khaalgan)
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region1947–presentHohhot1,183,000 km2
Gansu Province
Subei Mongol Autonomous County
Hebei Province
Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County
Heilongjiang Province
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County
Jilin Province
Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County
Liaoning Province
Harqin Left Wing Mongolian Autonomous County
Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County
Qinghai Province
Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Henan Mongol Autonomous County
Xinjiang Province
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous PrefectureKorla462,700 km2
Bortala Mongol Autonomous PrefectureBortala
(Bortal)
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous CountyHoboksar
(Khovogsair)

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toMaps of the history of Mongolia.

Maps

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006)."East-West Orientation of Historical Empires".Journal of World-Systems Research.12 (2):222–223.ISSN 1076-156X.Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved25 August 2016.
  2. ^abcdRein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly 41 (3): 475–504.
  3. ^abcJonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires.Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (no. 2): 219–229.
  4. ^Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (2015)."East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States".Journal of World-Systems Research.12 (2): 219.doi:10.5195/jwsr.2006.369.ISSN 1076-156X.Open access icon
  5. ^Бидия ДандаронArchived 6 February 2016 at theWayback Machine (Russian)
  6. ^Балагатское движениеArchived 28 March 2013 at theWayback Machine (Russian)
  7. ^Теократическое движение в Хоринском ведомстве Бурятии :1919–1926 гг. (Russian)
  8. ^БАЛАГАТСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕArchived 14 October 2013 at theWayback Machine (Russian)

Bibliography

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Weiers, Michael (ed.) (1986):Die Mongolen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
  • Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross – The Tarikh-i-rashidi
  • Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
  • Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368
  • William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
  • Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov – Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system
History
Proto-Mongols
Medieval tribes
Ethnic groups
Mongols
in China
Oirats
Buryats
Other
See also:Donghu and Xianbei ·Turco-Mongol ·Modern ethnic groups
*Mongolized ethnic groups.**Ethnic groups of Mongolian origin or with a large Mongolian ethnic component.
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