Part ofa series on
The Holocaust
Jews on selection ramp atAuschwitz, May 1944
Responsibility Nazi Germany People Major perpetrators Adolf Hitler Heinrich Himmler Joseph Goebbels Heinrich Müller Reinhard Heydrich Adolf Eichmann Odilo Globocnik Theodor Eicke Richard Glücks Ernst Kaltenbrunner Rudolf Höss Christian Wirth Organizations Nazi Party Gestapo Schutzstaffel (SS) Totenkopfverbände (SS-TV) Einsatzgruppen Sturmabteilung (SA) Verfügungstruppe (SS-VT) Wehrmacht Trawniki men Collaborators during World War II Nazi ideologues
Early policies Racial policy Nazi eugenics Nuremberg Laws Haavara Agreement Madagascar Plan Forced euthanasia
Victims Jews Romani Poles Soviet POWs Slavs in Eastern Europe Gay men People with disabilities Leftists
Ghettos Będzin Białystok Budapest Kaunas Kraków Łódź Lublin Lwów Minsk Riga Sosnowiec Warsaw Vilnius Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland List of selected ghettos
Camps Nazi extermination camps Auschwitz II-Birkenau Belzec Chełmno Jasenovac Majdanek Sajmište Sobibor Treblinka Nazi concentration camps Auschwitz I Bergen-Belsen Bogdanovka Buchenwald Dachau Mittelbau-Dora Gonars (Italy) Gross-Rosen Gusen Herzogenbusch Janowska Kaiserwald Mauthausen Neuengamme Rab Ravensbrück Sachsenhausen Salaspils Stutthof Transnistria (Romania) Theresienstadt Uckermark Warsaw Transit and collection camps Belgium Breendonk Mechelen France Gurs Drancy Italy Bolzano Netherlands Amersfoort Westerbork Slovakia Sereď Divisions SS-Totenkopfverbände Concentration Camps Inspectorate Politische Abteilung Sanitätswesen Extermination methods Gas van Gas chamber Extermination through labour Einsatzgruppen Human medical experimentation
Atrocities Pogroms Kristallnacht Bucharest Dorohoi Iași Izieu Szczuczyn Jedwabne Plungė Radziłów pogrom Kaunas Lviv (Lvov) Marseille Tykocin Vel' d'Hiv Wąsosz Einsatzgruppen Babi Yar Bydgoszcz Częstochowa Kamianets-Podilskyi Ninth Fort Odessa Piaśnica Ponary Rumbula Erntefest "Final Solution" Wannsee Conference Mogilev Conference Operation "Reinhard" Holocaust trains Extermination camps End of World War II Wola massacre Death marches
Resistance Auschwitz Protocols Vrba–Wetzler report Czesław Mordowicz Jerzy Tabeau Rudolf Vrba Alfréd Wetzler Bricha Jewish partisans Sonderkommando photographs Witold Pilecki Resistance movement in Auschwitz Military Organization Union Witold's Report Ghetto uprisings Warsaw Białystok Łachwa Częstochowa
International response Joint Declaration by Members of the United Nations Auschwitz bombing debate MSSt. Louis Nuremberg trials Denazification
Aftermath Bricha Displaced persons Survivors Central Committee of the Liberated Jews Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany
Lists Holocaust survivors Deportations of French Jews to death camps Survivors of Sobibor Timeline of Treblinka extermination camp Victims of Nazism Rescue of Jews Memorials and museums
Resources Bibliography Bibliography of Nazi Germany The Destruction of the European Jews Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos Functionalism versus intentionalism
Remembrance Days of remembrance Memorials and museums Righteous Among the Nations
v t e

A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve asmemorials tothe Holocaust, the NaziFinal Solution, and its millions of victims.

Memorials and museums listed by country:

Other sections:

• Holocaust memorial, with inscription written in three stone plaques in English, Hebrew, and Albanian: “Albanians, Christians, and Muslims endangered their lives to protect and save the Jews.” (Tirana)^[1][2]

• The Holocaust Museum of Buenos Aires (Buenos Aires)^[3]
• National Memorial to the Victims of the Holocaust (Plaza de la Shoá,Buenos Aires)^[4]

• Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre (Adelaide, South Australia)
• TheJewish Holocaust Centre (Melbourne,Victoria)^[5]
• Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism (Kew, Victoria) Holocaust Memorial^[6]
• Melbourne General Cemetery Holocaust Memorial (Parkville, Victoria)^[7]
• Sydney Jewish Museum (Sydney)^[8]
• Magen Shoah, The Central Synagogue (Sydney)

• TheJudenplatz Holocaust Memorial (Vienna)
• Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria, "House of Names" (Holocaust und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark, Haus der Namen) (Graz)^[9]
• House of Responsibility (Braunau am Inn)
• Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial (Mauthausen)^[10]
• Learning and memorial site Charlotte Taitl House (Ried im Innkreis)
• Memorial against war and fascism (Vienna)
• Pogrom Monument
• Memorial to the Jews of Zelem
• Memorial Site Hartheim Castle (Alkoven)

• The Pit,Minsk

• Kazerne Dossin: Memorial, Museum and Documentation Centre on Holocaust and Human Rights (Mechelen)^[11]
• National Memorial to the Jewish Martyrs of Belgium (Anderlecht, Brussels)^[12]

• Holocaust victims memorial at Rio de Janeiro – Cemitério Israelita do Caju (sephardic) – inaugurated in September 1975
• Holocaust victims memorial at Salvador – Cemitério Israelita da Bahia – inaugurated in 2007
• Holocaust Museum in Curitiba – inaugurated in 2011 (Paraná)
• Memorial of Jewish Immigration and of the Holocaust,São Paulo^[13] – 2011^[14]

• Jewish Historical Museum (Sofia)^[15]
• Dimitar Peshev Museum (Kyustendil)^[16][17]
• Monument of Gratitude (Plovdiv)^[18]

• Holocaust Memorial sculpture (Edmonton,Alberta)^[19]
• Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre (Toronto)^[20]
• The Canadian Society for Yad VaShem Holocaust Memorial (Toronto,Earl Bales Park)^[21]
• The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre (Vancouver,British Columbia)^[22]
• Montreal Holocaust Museum
• OttawaNational Holocaust Monument

• Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (Hong Kong)^[23]
• Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum^[24]
• "Wall of Shanghai List" and Holocaust Memorial statue (Shanghai)^[25]

• The Jasenovac Memorial Area (Jasenovac)
• Memorial Centre Lipa Remembers (Lipa,Matulji)

• Holocaust MemorialSanta Clara^[26]
• Sephardic Center Holocaust Exhibit (Havana)^[27]

• Holocaust memorial (Valašské Meziříčí)
• Pinkas Synagogue/Old Jewish Cemetery (Prague)
• The Memorial of Silence^[28] (Praha–Bubny railway station)
• Theresienstadt concentration camp (Terezín)
• The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Moravia (Hodonín u Kunštátu)
• The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Bohemia (Lety u Písku)

• Casa MuseoTrude Sojka (in memory of a Holocaust survivor and artist)^[29]

• Holocaust memorial at the site ofKlooga concentration camp (Klooga)
• Memorial at the site ofKalevi-Liiva (Jägala)
• About "Between Life and Death. Stories of Rescue during the Holocaust"^[30]

• Maison d'Izieu mémorial des enfants juifs exterminés,^[31]Izieu^[32]
• Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour,Oradour-sur-Glane^[33]
• Holocaust museum^[34] atDrancy internment camp (Mémorial de la Shoah de Drancy)^[35]
• Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Paris)
• Mémorial de la Shoah (Paris)
• Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation (Paris)
• Memorial to the patients of theClermont psychiatric ward^[36][37]
• Memorial atGurs internment camp^[38]
• Royallieu-Compiègne internment camp memorial^[39]
• Camp des Milles memorial (Aix-en-Provence)^[40]
• Vélodrome d’Hiver memorial (Paris)^[41]
• Memorial Museum to the Children of Vel d'Hiv (Orléans)^[42]
• European Centre of Deported Resistance Members and Struthof Museum at the formerNatzweiler-Struthof concentration camp^[43]

• House of the Wannsee Conference[1]
• Jewish Museum Berlin
• Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Berlin)
• Memorial to the Homosexuals Persecuted under the National Socialist Regime (Berlin)
• Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism (Berlin)
• Französische Kapelle [de] (Soest)
• Memorial to the Victims of National Socialist 'Euthanasia' Killings (German:Gedenk- und Informationsort für die Opfer der nationalsozialistischen »Euthanasie«-Morde)^[44][a]
• Stolperstein – Holocaust memorials all over Germany and in 21 further European countries
• Topf & Söhne – Builders of the Auschwitz Ovens. Museum and Place of Remembrance (Erfurt)
• European Holocaust Memorial (Landsberg am Lech)^[47]
• Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
• Nordenstadt Memorial
• Wollheim Memorial
• Eckerwald Memorial
• KZ-Transport 1945 Memorial
• Angel of Peace (Mannheim)
• Freight Wagon Memorial
• Forced Laborer Memorial Transit, Nuremberg
• European Holocaust Memorial in Landsberg
• Memorial Neuer Börneplatz
• Concentration Camp Memorial Hailfingen-Tailfingen
• Documentation Centre NS Forced Labor
• The Leipzig Nazi Forced Labour Memorial on the grounds of theWissenschaftspark Leipzig.^[48]
• Memorial to Jewish Citizens, Leipzig
• Memorial in memory of the burning of books, Berlin
• Memorial at the Frankfurt Grossmarkthalle
• Jewish Cemetery (Anklam)
• "Dejudaization Institute" Memorial (Eisenach)
• Memorial to the murdered Jews of Hanover
• Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial
• DenkOrt Deportationen 1941-1944

• TheAthens Holocaust Memorial, outside the archaeological site ofKerameikos (Athens)^[49]
• Cemetery and Monument for the Victims of the Holocaust – 3rd Cemetery of Athens, Nikea (Piraeus)
• Monument to Young Jews (in memory of young Jews murdered in the Holocaust) – Pafos Square, Athens
• Jewish Museum of Greece – Shoah Exhibit^[50] (Athens)
• Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki – Shoah Exhibit^[51] (Thessaloniki,Central Macedonia)
• Holocaust Museum of Greece,^[52]Thessaloniki (under construction)
• Menorah in flames sculpture commemoratingdeportation of the Thessaloniki Jews
• Monument of the Victims of the Holocaust in the Jewish Martyrs square^[53] (Rhodes)
• Rhodes Jewish Museum^[54]
• Holocaust Memorial of Corfu (New Fortress Square,Corfu)

• Museum of the Holocaust (Guatemala) -Museo del Holocausto inGuatemala city^[55]

• Holocaust Memorial Center,Budapest^[56]
• Dohány Street Synagogue, Budapest
• Shoes on the Danube Bank, Budapest
• Emanuel Tree inDohány Street Synagogue,Budapest^[57]

• Indonesia Holocaust Museum,^[58][59] (Tondano)

• Yad Vashem, theHolocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority (Jerusalem)
• Beit Terezin (in KibbutzGivat Haim (Ihud))
• Ghetto Fighters' House (KibbutzLohamei HaGeta'ot)^[60]
• Massuah Institute for the Study of the Holocaust (KibbutzTel Yitzhak)
• From Holocaust to Revival Museum (Kibbutz Yad Mordechai)^[61]
• Bet Ha'Edut Testimony House (Nir Galim)
• Kiryat Białystok Archive and Community Center (Yehud)
• Chamber of the Holocaust (Mount Zion,Jerusalem)
• Ani Ma'amin Holocaust Museum (Jerusalem)
• Forest of the Martyrs (Jerusalem)
• LGBT Memorial toLGBT people persecuted by the Nazis (Tel Aviv)^[62]
• The sculpture garden of Holocaust to resurrection (Karmiel)
• Memorial to the Deportation of Jews from France
• Monument to the children in Yad Vashem (Jerusalem)
• Holocaust and Revival Memorial Sculpture, byIgael Tumarkin (Rabin Square,Tel Aviv)
• Anne Frank Children's Human Rights Memorial, Maaleh Adumim^[63]

• Memoriale della Shoah (Milan)
• Museo della Deportazione (Prato)
• Shoah Museum (Rome)
• Museo Diffuso della Resistenza Torino (Turin)
• Museum of Italian Judaism and the Shoah (Ferrara)
• Great Synagogue of Rome (Rome)
• Museo Ebraico di Roma (Rome)

• Holocaust Education Center (Fukuyama, Hiroshima)^[64]
• Tokyo Holocaust Education Resource Center (Tokyo)
• Anne's Rose Church (Nishinomiya,Hyogo)^[65]
• Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum (Tsuruga, Fukui)
• Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall
• Auschwitz Peace Museum (Shirakawa, Fukushima)^[66]

• Memorial complex atRumbula
• Memorial complex atSalaspils
• Museum of Tolerance at the site ofKaiserwald
• Museum "Jews in Latvia"
• Riga Ghetto and Latvian Holocaust museum

• Holocaust Exhibition at theVilna Gaon Jewish State Museum (Vilnius)^[67]
• Ponary Massacre Memorial (Paneriai)^[68]
• Holocaust Memorial in (Šeduva)^[69]
• Ninth Fort Museum andNinth Fort memorial (Kaunas)^[70]
• Sugihara House (Kaunas)^[71]
• The Green House Holocaust Museum (Vilnius)^[72]

• Memorial to the victims of the Shoah (Luxembourg City)
• Mémorial de la deportation (Luxembourg City)

• Memory and Tolerance Museum (Mexico City)

• TheAnne Frank House,Amsterdam.
• The Auschwitz Monument byJan Wolkers in the Wertheim Park, Amsterdam.
• The Dockworker Monument, Amsterdam.^[73]
• TheDutch National Holocaust Museum, Amsterdam.
• TheHollandsche Schouwburg (Amsterdam).^[74]
• TheHomomonument, Amsterdam.
• TheJoods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam.
• Joods Monument (translated name: Jewish Monument, a memorial website).^[75]
• National Holocaust Names Memorial (Holocaust Namenmonument) inJodenbuurt neighborhood of Amsterdam

• Camp Vught National Memorial atHerzogenbusch concentration camp.^[76]
• Joods monument (translated name: Jewish Monument) displaying 1200 names near theRailway Museum (former Maliebaan Railway Station),Utrecht.

• TheWesterbork camp and information centre (Westerbork).^[77]
• 102,000 Stones Monument (Dutch:De 102.000 stenen) at the former Westerbork transit camp (Dutch:Kamp Westerbork) inHooghalen, Drenthe, with a stone without a name for each victim.^[78]

• the polizeiliches durchgangslager Kamp Amersfoort located at the border between Amersfoort and Leusden

• Holocaust Centre of New Zealand (HCNZ)
• Auckland War Memorial Museum

• Holocaust Memorial Center for the Jews of Macedonia (Skopje)

• Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (Oslo)

• Philippine–Israel Friendship Park (Quezon City)^[79]

• Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, (Oświęcim)
• TheOświęcim Synagogue (Oświęcim)
• Bełżec extermination camp (Bełżec)
• Ghetto Heroes Monument (Warsaw)^[80]
• POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews (Warsaw)
• Warsaw Ghetto Museum (Warsaw)
• Eagle Pharmacy (Kraków)
• Lublin Holocaust Memorial
• Radegast train station (Łódź)
• Survivors' Park, (Łódź)
• Treblinka extermination camp (Treblinka)
• Monument to the Memory of Children - Victims of the Holocaust
• Umschlagplatz Monument (Warsaw)
• Memorial in Palmiry
• Museum and Memorial in Sobibór^[81]

• Holocaust Museum of Oporto

• Holocaust Memorial,^[82]Bucharest
• Elie Wiesel Memorial House,Sighetu Marmației^[83]
• Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom,Bucharest^[84]
• Holocaust Memorial,Târgu Mures^[85]
• Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum,^[86]Şimleu Silvaniei.
• Memorial to the Deported Jews,^[87]Oradea

• Holocaust Memorial Synagogue,Moscow.
• Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center,^[88]Moscow.
• Formula of Sorrow monument,^[89][90]Pushkin, Saint Petersburg.
• Memorial plaque to Jewish deportees from Königsberg and East Prussia,^[91]Kaliningrad North Railway Station.
• Memorial to the Victims of Fascism,^[92]Krasnodar.
• Mass murder site monument,^[93]Lyubavichi.
• Ravine of Death memorial stone,^[94]Taganrog.
• Palmnicken massacre monument,^[95][96]Yantarny, Kaliningrad.
• Monument at Vostryakovo Jewish Cemetery,^[97]Moscow.
• Zmievskaya Balka memorial,^[98]Rostov-on-Don.

• Menorah in Flames sculpture (Belgrade)^[99]
• Memorial Park Jajinci (Belgrade)
• Banjica concentration camp (Belgrade)
• Jewish Historical Museum (Belgrade)^[100]
• Belgrade Museum of Genocide Victims [sr]^[101]
• Miklós Radnóti memorial (Bor)^[102]
• Kladovo transport memorial^[103]
• Šumarice Genocide Memorial Park (Kragujevac)^[104][105]
• Monument to the victims of theNovi Sad raid^[106]
• Bubanj Memorial Park (Niš)
• Crveni Krst concentration camp (Niš)

• Memorial at theMuseum of the Slovak National Uprising (Banská Bystrica)^[107]
• Holocaust Memorial (Bratislava)^[108][109]
• Museum of Jewish Culture (Bratislava)^[110][111]
• Holocaust memorial for the Jewish inhabitants ofHuncovce^[112]
• Holocaust memorial plaque on the synagogue ofKošice^[113]

• Monument and Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising (Nemecká)^[114]
• Memorial to the Victims of theNováky Forced Labor and Concentration Camp^[115]
• Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews atPoprad Railway Station^[116]
• Holocaust Memorial atPrešov synagogue^[117]
• Holocaust memorial plaquePrešov town hall^[118]
• Sereď Holocaust Museum^[119]
• Park of Generous Souls^[120]

• Loibl Süd Concentration Camp Memorial^[121]

• TheCape Town Holocaust Centre (Cape Town)^[122]
• TheDurban Holocaust Centre (Durban)^[123]
• TheJohannesburg Holocaust and Genocide Centre (Johannesburg)^[124]
• Memorial to the Six Million atWestpark Cemetery (Johannesburg)^[125]

• Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust (Madrid)^[126]
• Monument to the Victims of the Mauthausen Concentration Camp (Almería)^[127]

• Paramaribo Holocaust MemorialParamaribo^[128]

• Swedish Holocaust Museum (Stockholm)
• Monument to the Memory of the Holocaust Victims at theGreat Synagogue ofStockholm (Stockholm)^[129]
• Storsjöteatern theatre (Östersund)^[130]

• Holocaust Museum,^[131]Taiwan.

• "Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews ofBakhmut^[132]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofChernihiv^[133]
• Memorial to theRoma murdered in the Podusovka forest, near Chernihiv^[133]
• Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, Kyiv
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofKovel at the Bakhiv forest mass murder site.^{[134][135][136]}
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofKysylyn at the mass grave site^[137]
• Memorials to the murdered Jews ofLutsk^[138]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofMariupol^[139]
• Memorial to the Jews ofMukachevo^[140]
• Holocaust Museum inOdesa^[141][142]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets^[143]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofPryluky^[144]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofRatne at the mass graves site^[145][146]
• Memorial site for the murdered Jews ofOstrozhets^[147]
• Memorial to the murdered Jews ofRava-Ruska^[148][149]
• Memorial to the Murdered Jews ofZhytomyr^[150][151]

• Beth Shalom Holocaust Centre (National Holocaust Centre and Museum), Nottinghamshire
• Plaque in the churchyard of theChurch of St Michael the Greater, Stamford, Lincolnshire
• Holocaust Centre North, at the University of Huddersfield
• Hyde Park Holocaust Memorial,Hyde Park, London
• Kindertransport – The Arrival,Liverpool Street Station, London
• Kindertransport statue,Harwich^[152]
• Holocaust Exhibition,Imperial War Museum, London
• Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide, London
• (Proposed)UK Holocaust Memorial, London

• Memorial del Holocausto del Pueblo Judío^[153] (Montevideo)

Victory Park, [Tashkent] monument^[154] unveiled in May 2022 to honour Uzbeks who assisted Jewish refugees during World War II. It is sculpted by Victory Park. It was created by Uzbeki [Marina Borodina].

The monument is located in the city's Victory Park

• Chalmers, J. (2016)."Canadianising the Holocaust: Debating Canada’s National Holocaust Monument."Canadian Jewish Studies Études Juives Canadiennes, 24. https://doi.org/10.25071/1916-0925.39964
• Goldman, Natasha.Memory Passages: Holocaust Memorials in the United States and Germany (Temple University Press, 2022)online book review

• Young, James. E (1993).The texture of memory: Holocaust memorials and meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press.ISBN 9780300059915.

Wikimedia Commons has media related toHolocaust memorials.

• Holocaust Memorials — by continents and countries
• Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
• Global Directory of Holocaust Museums
• Holocaust Memorial Monuments — digital database of Holocaust Memorial Monuments all around the world
• Memorial sites for Sinti and Roma (in German)
• Remembering the Holocaust 24 Hour Museum
• Monuments and Memorials — historical overview
• National Holocaust Memorials — comparison

• Holocaust memorials
• Holocaust museums
• Lists of museums by subject
• Lists of monuments and memorials by subject
• The Holocaust-related lists

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