Overview of fortified medieval residences in the Eastern Mediterranean
Krak des Chevaliers was built during the 12th and 13th centuries by theKnights Hospitaller with later additions by Mamluks. It is aWorld Heritage Site .[ 1] This is a list ofcastles in the EasternMediterranean andMiddle East , founded or occupied during theCrusades . For crusader castles inPoland and theBaltic states , seeOrdensburg .
Detailed map of theCrusader states at the time of maximum territorial extent. The map shows more than 600 identified medieval Crusader, Armenian and Muslim fortified sites in the Holy Land. Sidon's Sea Castle built by thecrusaders as a fortress of theHoly Land inSidon ,Lebanon . There were two major phases of the deliberate destruction (slighting ) of Crusader castles: in 1187 by Saladin and after 1260 by the Mamluks. The intention was often to prevent the castles being reused by the Crusaders.[ 2]
Of the architecture built by the Crusaders, castles have received more scholarly attention than other forms, such as ecclesiastical architecture.[ 2]
[ edit ] Crusader castles by modern states [ edit ] Kyrenia Castle [ edit ] The remains ofBelvoir Castle Monfort castle Acre (Akko) – fortified cityAqua Bella, nowEin Hemed – Crusader fortified farm; national park Arsuf , also known as Arsur or Apollonia – fortified city and citadel, stronghold of theLordship of Arsuf ;national park Ashkelon – fortified cityBelinas –Banias ; fortified town Belmont – ruins of Crusader castle in KibbutzTzova Belveer – Crusader castle of which no traces remain; national parkBelvoir Castle ; Kochav HaYarden National ParkBet Shean – castle ruins next to ancient town, stronghold of theLordship of Bethsan . Second castle on thetell .Beth Gibelin atEleutheropolis – castle ruins next to ancient town, stronghold of theLordship of Beth Gibelin ; national park Beit Itab Bethaatap, Arabic:Bayt 'Itab – fortified manor (maison forte ) Blanchegarde atTell es-Safi – castle, seat of a lordship at biblical tell Caco or Cacho Castle,Qaqun ; rebuilt by Baybars; national park Caesarea (Maritima) , stronghold of theLordship of Caesarea – fortified port city; national parkCafarlet (Hebrew: HaBonim, Arabic: Kafr Lam) – ruins ofUmayyad fort reused by the CrusadersCalansue , Hospitaller castleCasal Imbert – atAchziv (formerlyAz-Zeeb until 1948) – Crusader "new town" with tower; nothing discernible at present Casel des Plains –Azor ; ruins of Crusader tower; inside town Castellum Beleismum – tower on biblicalTel Dothan Castellum Beroart – theMinat al-Qal'a Umayyad fort reused by the Crusaders; atAshdod Castellum Regis; castle, now inside village ofMi'ilya Caymont atTel Yokneam , seat of lordship Chastel Hernaut or Arnoul, Latin: Castellum Arnaldi – castle atYalu [ 3] [ 4] Chastel Neuf or Castellum Novum outsideMargaliot , castle, rebuilt in Ottoman time (Qal'at Hunin)Chastelet , castle ruin byJacob's Ford : seeBattle of Jacob's Ford ; also known as Vadum Iacob, le Chastelez, Ateret, Qasr al-'AtraCastellum Rogerii Langobardi – castle atUmm Khalid /Netaniya [ 3] Château Pèlerin , also known as Atlit Castle and Castle Pilgrim; off-reach military baseCitadel of Safed , fortress from the Second Temple/Roman period, major administrative center.Destroit, Le , nearAtlit Forbelet Castle atTaibe, Galilee ; battle site near the Hospitaller castle Givat Titora , castle ruinsIbelin , nearYavne Jaffa , fortified port townJudin Castle atKhirbat Jiddin orYehiam Fortress – Crusader castle, rebuilt in the 18th century; national park Latrun , ruins of Toron des Chevaliers castleKastel , on a hilltop next to Mevasseret, by the main Jerusalem Tel Aviv roadMerle - fortified enclosure, Arabic name: Burj al-Habis and Qal'at al-Tantura,[ 3] Dor /Tantura Mirabel , in Hebrew: Migdal Tsedek, stronghold of theLordship of Mirabel Montfort ; inside national parkQula , Crusader tower and a vaulted structureRamla , stronghold of theLordship of Ramla Saforie, le orSepphoris (Latin), Saffuriya (Arabic): tower; national park Tel Hanaton – fortified farmTiberias – fortified Crusader city immediately north of abandoned city established in Roman times; on the shore of theSea of Galilee Tour Rouge or Turris Rubea atBurgata – Arabic: Burj al-Ahmar, Hebrew: Hurvat Burgata Tower of David – the citadel of JerusalemTurris Salinarum atTel Taninim – Crusader tower, the only remains of the castle Montreal (Shaubak) Kerak Discarded proposals [ edit ] Jarash : theTemple of Artemis was reused as a castle by the Damascenes and destroyed by Baldwin II of Jerusalem, was therefore not used by the Crusaders.[ 8] Crusader castle in the village ofToron ,Lebanon The remains ofMargat Discarded proposals [ edit ] The ruins of Bagras Castle, viewed from the southeast The ruins ofAmouda Castle ^ Crac des Chevaliers and Qal'at Salah El-Din UNESCO , retrieved2010-11-08 ^a b Pringle 1997 , p. 6.^a b c Ellenblum, Ronnie (2007).Crusader Castles and Modern Histories ISBN 9781139462556 . Retrieved7 June 2020 . ^ Pringle 1997 , p. 107.^ Husseini, Rana (December 18, 2016)."Death toll in Karak attacks rises to 14, including four terrorists" . Jordan Times. Retrieved19 December 2016 . ^ Pringle 1997 , p. 98.^ Pringle 1997 , p. 105.^ Pringle 1997 , p. 2.^ Belhacem ^ "Qalaat Areimeh | Monuments of Syria أوابد سورية" .monumentsofsyria.com .^ "Burj al-Sabi" .^ "Castles.nl - Cursat Castle" .www.castles.nl .^ Ravanda Castle ^ Trapesac castle ^ Tumlu Pringle, Denys (1997).Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: An Archaeological Gazetteer . Cambridge University Press.ISBN 9780521460101
