 |
Following are lists of notableArabic dictionaries.
| Title | Author | Date | Vocabulary | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kitab al-'Ayn[n 1] (Arabic:كتاب العين) | Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi (Arabic:الخليل بن أحمد الفراهيدي) (b. 718 -d. 791) | 8th century | Kitab al-Ayn was the first dictionary for the Arabic language.[1] | |
| Kitab al-Jim[n 2] (Arabic:كتاب الجيم) a.k.a.Kitab al-Lughat orKitab al-Huruf | Abu Amr al-Shaybani (Arabic:أبو عمرو الشيباني) (b. ca. 738 -d. 828) | 8-9th century | The only copy is in the El Escorial Library.[2] | |
| Al-Jamhara al-Lugha[n 3] (Arabic:جمهرة اللغة) a.k.a.Al-Jamhara fi al-Lugha (The all-embracing in language)[3] | Ibn Duraid[4] (Arabic:ابن دريد) (b. 838 -d. 933) | 9-10th century | The dictionary was inspired in part by the earlier dictionaryKitab al-Ayn ofal-Farahidi.[5] | |
| Tahdhib al-Lugha[n 4] (Arabic:تهذيب اللغة) | Abu Manshur al-Azhari al-Harawi (Arabic:أبو منصور الأزهري الهروي) (b. 895 -d. 981) | 10th century | The dictionary is important as a source of theLisan al-Arab.[6] | |
| Al-Muhit fi al-Lugha[n 5] (Arabic:المحيط في اللغة) | Al-Sahib ibn Abbad (Arabic:الصاحب بن عبّاد) (b. 938 -d. 995) | 10th century | ||
| Taj al-Lugha wa Sihah al-Arabiyya[n 6] (Arabic:تاج اللغة وصحاح العربية) shorter title:Taj al-Lugha oral-Sihah | Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari (Arabic:إسماعيل بن حماد الجوهري) (b. ? -d. 1009) | 10-11th century | It contains about 40,000 dictionary entries.[7] | The author died atNishapur while attemptingflight.[8] |
| Mu`jam Maqayis al-Lugha[9](Arabic:معجم مقاييس اللغة; "Language Standards Compendium) | Ahmad Ibn Zakariyya al-Qazwini Ibn Faris | 11th century | ||
| Al-Muhkam wa al-Muhit al-A'zam[n 7] (Arabic:المحكم والمحيط الأعظم) shorter title:Al-Muhkam | Ibn Sidah (Arabic:ابن سيده) (b. 1007 -d. 1066) | 11th century | The author was ablind man.[10] | |
| Lisan al-Arab[n 8] (Arabic:لسان العرب) | Ibn Manzur (Arabic:ابن منظور) (b. 1233 -d. 1312) | The dictionary was completed in 1290.[11] | It contains about 80,000 dictionary entries.[12] | |
| Al-Misbah al-munir[9](Arabic:المصباح المنير ; "The Enlightening Lamp") | Ahmed Al Maqri Ahmed bin Mohammed bin Ali Al Maqri Al Fayoumi | The dictionary dates to 1368 | ||
| Al-Qamus al-Muhit wa al-Qabus al-Wasit[n 9][n 10] (Arabic:القاموس المحيط، والقابوس الوسيط; "The Encompassing Ocean/Lexicon") shorter title:Al-Qamus al-Muhit | Al-Firuzabadi (Arabic:الفيروزآبادي) (b. 1329 -d. 1414) | The dictionary was completed in 1410.[13] | It contains about 60,000 dictionary entries.[14] | The dictionary served as the basis of later European dictionaries of Arabic.[15] |
| Ahkam Bab al-I`rab `n Lughat al-A`rab (Arabic:أحكام باب الإعراب عن لغة الأعراب)[citation needed] | Germanus Farhat (1670–1732) | Printed by Rashid Dahdah (1813–1889) | A revision of Fairuzabadi’sAl-Qamus Al-Muheet. Arranged by word ending. | |
| Taj al-'Arus min Jawahir al-Qamus[n 11] (Arabic:تاج العروس) shorter title:Taj al-Arus | Abu al-Fayd Mohammad Murtada al-Zabidi[9] (Arabic:أبو الفيض محمد مرتضى الزبيديb. 1731 -d. 1790) | The dictionary was completed in 1774.[16] | It contains about 120,000 dictionary entries.[16] | |
| Muhit al-Muhit[n 12] (Arabic:محيط المحيط) a.k.a.Qutr al-Muhit (The Diameter of the Ocean)[17] | Butrus al-Bustani (Arabic:بطرس البستاني) (b. 1819 -d. 1883) | The dictionary was completed in 1870.[17] | The author had dedicated the work to theSultan Abdulaziz. The sultan awarded him with a higher medal and 250 golden liras.[18] | |
| Al-Faraed Al-Hissan Min Qalaed Al-Lisan (Arabic:الفرائد الحسان من قلائد اللسان) | Ibrahim al-Yaziji (Arabic:إبراهيم اليازجي;b. 1847 -d. 1907) | 1870 | ||
| Matn al-Lugha (Corpus of the language)[19] | Ahmad Rida (Arabic:أحمد رضا) (b. 1872 -d. 1953) | 1958 | ||
| Lexicon of the Modern Arabic Language (Arabic:معجم اللغة العربية المعاصرة) | Ahmad Mukhtar Omar | 2008 |
Influential Arabic dictionaries in Europe:
Influential Arabic dictionaries in modern usage: