Lisofylline (LSF) is a synthetic small molecule with novel anti-inflammatory properties. LSF can effectively preventtype 1 diabetes in preclinical models and improves the function and viability of isolated or transplantedpancreatic islets. It is ametabolite ofpentoxifylline.
As well, LSF improves cellularmitochondrial function and blocksinterleukin-12 (IL-12) signaling andSTAT-4 activation in target cells and tissues. IL-12 and STAT-4 activation are important pathways linked to inflammation and autoimmune damage toinsulin producing cells. Therefore, LSF and related analogs could provide a new therapeutic approach to prevent or reversetype 1 diabetes. LSF also directly reducesglucose-induced changes in human kidney cells suggesting that LSF and analogs have the potential to treat the complications associated with diabetes.
TheR enantiomer of the pentoxyfylline analogue in which the ketone has been reduced to an alcohol shows enhanced activity as an inhibitor ofacetyl CoA over the parent drug.
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