Lisdoonvarna Irish:Lios Dúin Bhearna | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Lisdoonvarna Main Street | |
  Lisdoonvarna Location in Ireland | |
| Coordinates:53°01′49″N9°17′22″W / 53.0303°N 9.2894°W /53.0303; -9.2894 | |
| Country | Ireland |
| Province | Munster |
| County | County Clare |
| Population | 934 |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-1 (IST (WEST)) |
| Irish Grid Reference | R133984 |
Lisdoonvarna (Irish:Lios Dúin Bhearna, meaning 'fort of the gapped keep')[2] is aspa town inCounty Clare in Ireland. The town is famous for its music and festivals. Although theLisdoonvarna Music Festival was discontinued in the 1980s, the town still hosts an annual matchmaking festival each September. The population was 934 at the2022 census.[1]
Lisdoonvarna is located in the area of County Clare known asthe Burren, on theN67 road betweenBallyvaughan andEnnistymon. TheAille River flows through the town, where it is joined by the Gowlaun and Kilmoon streams.
The town is in the civil parish ofKilmoon. Nearby townlands in this parish include Ballyinsheen Beg, Ballyinsheen More, Rathbaun and Rooska.
The town takes its name from the IrishLios Dúin Bhearna (lios dúin="enclosured fort" andbhearna="of the gap"). It is believed that the fort referred to in this name is the green earthen fort of Lissateeaun ("Fort of thefairy hill"), which lies about 3 km (2 mi) northeast of the town, near the remains of aNorman era castle.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1841 | 257 | — |
| 1851 | 201 | −21.8% |
| 1861 | 151 | −24.9% |
| 1871 | 141 | −6.6% |
| 1881 | 218 | +54.6% |
| 1891 | 171[a] | −21.6% |
| 1901 | 223[4] | +30.4% |
| 1911 | 249 | +11.7% |
| 1926 | 220 | −11.6% |
| 1936 | 193 | −12.3% |
| 1946 | 231 | +19.7% |
| 1951 | 332 | +43.7% |
| 1956 | 618 | +86.1% |
| 1961 | 625 | +1.1% |
| 1966 | 656 | +5.0% |
| 1971 | 459 | −30.0% |
| 1981 | 607 | +32.2% |
| 1986 | 648 | +6.8% |
| 1991 | 842 | +29.9% |
| 1996 | 890 | +5.7% |
| 2002 | 822 | −7.6% |
| 2006 | 767 | −6.7% |
| 2011 | 739 | −3.7% |
| 2016 | 829 | +12.2% |
| 2022 | 934 | +12.7% |
| [1][3] | ||
The present town is a comparatively new one by Irish standards, dating mainly from the start of the 19th century.
The spa officially opened in 1845, but the town was visited before by people partaking of the waters, fed by sulfur springs thought to have medicinal benefits. Even by the 1880s, however, the facilities were quite primitive. The wells were privately owned by the Guthrie family. They were later developed and baths built by the new owner, a Dr. Westropp, who lived in a house overlooking the spa.[6]: 10–11
On 11 September 1887, the house of landowner Mike Walsh was attacked by "moonlighters" (members of one of the organized bands of desperados that carried on a system of agrarian outrages in Ireland). A detachment of theRoyal Irish Constabulary (RIC) defended the house and its owner, and there was heavy fighting in and around the house. Head Constable Whelehan was killed. All the moonlighters were captured. Seven constables, four acting constables and two head constables received theConstabulary Medal for valour.[7]
The spa prospered into the 20th century. In 1920, it was called the "Homberg of the Irish priests".[6]: 11
The area was officially classified as part of the West ClareGaeltacht, anIrish-speaking community, until 1956.
Historical maps of Lisdoonvarna show how the Main Street looked in the nineteenth century. It also gives the location of the RIC barracks and the many hotels associated with the town, such as Queen's Hotel and Eagle Hotel, amongst others.
In September each year since 1857,[8] one of Europe's largestmatchmaking events is held in the town, attracting upwards of 40,000 romantic hopefuls, bachelor farmers, and accompanying revellers.[9] The month-long event is an important tourist attraction. The current matchmaker is Willie Daly, a fourth-generation matchmaker.[10]
TheLisdoonvarna Music Festival took place near the town between 1978 and 1983 and is celebrated in a song written by Irishfolk singerChristy Moore. This festival took place until 1983; it ended after the last event was marred by a riot and the accidental drowning of eight people.[11][12]
The spa originally consisted of four wells. Copperas Well, on Kilmoon stream, is now closed. It was used externally for skin conditions, ulcers and sores. The Magnesia and Iron Well remains open in season. The Twin Wells offer water rich in iron and sulphur. The main sulphur well lies at the bottom of the hill. All the waters contain iodine.[6]: 10
The spa park is located at the confluence of the Aille and Gowlaun rivers. The spa complex features a Victorian pump house among other amenities.[6]: 12
Bus Éireann route 350 links Lisdoonvarna to several locations:Ennis,Ennistymon,Cliffs of Moher,Doolin,Fanore,Kinvara andGalway. There are a number of journeys each way daily. Onward rail and bus connections are available at Ennis and Galway.
Spectacle Bridge, spanning theAille River, dates from 1850.[13]
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