According to archaeologists and historians, the territory of the modern Lipetsk Oblast has been inhabited since ancient times. Even before the arrival of the Mongol-Tatar troops, the area had the following settlements: Yelets, Dobrinsk (presumed to be the village of Dobroye) Dubok (presumed to be the village Dubki) (Dankovsky District), Staroye Gorodische (presumably Bogorodskoye of the Dankovsky district) Vorgol (destroyed), Onuza (destroyed), Voronozh (destroyed), Lipets (destroyed) and others. During theMongol invasion of Rus', many fortified cities were destroyed.
At the beginning of the period belonged to the disintegration of thePrincipality of Chernigov. After 1202, after the fall of Chernigov, PrinceIgor SvyatoslavichYelets arose, Lipetsk and Vorgolskoe fiefdoms. Taking advantage of the weakness of the Principality of Chernigov, Ryazan princes seized all the lands of the upper Don, Voronezh River and annexed them. The newly acquired territories in the south of the Ryazan principality subsequently used the name "Ryazan Ukraine."
The revival of the territory began after the expulsion of the nomads. In a relatively short period of time (end of the 16th and early 17th centuries) were built fortified city: Duncan Talitskii jail, Eletskaya fortress Lebedian. In 1635, construction began on a strong fortified line - Belgorod defense line, which in the Lipetsk region within a modern fortress stood out: Good, Sokolsk and Usman.
Near the plants have populations of workers. One of these settlements was working Lipetsk settlement that gave rise to the city of Lipetsk.
At this time, because of the creation of the Navy and the regular army increased the need for flax,hemp andwool. So begins to actively develop agriculture.
The 18th century saw the continued growth of large land estates. Lipetsk region, with its rich black earth, was the breadbasket of the Russian state. Subsequently, it became widely known as a resort town, mainly because of its mineral waters.
During theFebruary Revolution, theOctober Revolution of 1917 and theRussian Civil War, the lives of many cultural values, private collections of art and literature, but because of the ensuing repression against the church and the "bourgeois past" seriously affected the architectural ensembles of the estates of the nobility, monasteries and churches.
During theSoviet period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Lipetsk CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside electedregional parliament.
The Charter of Lipetsk Oblast is the fundamental law of the region. The current charter was adopted on 27 March, 2003. TheLipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Council of Deputies consists of 56 deputies elected for a five-year term by the Oblast's inhabitants and exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The current head of the Council of Deputies isPavel Putilin.
The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of theGovernor who is the highest official, who is elected by the Oblast's inhabitants for a five year term and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with theConstitution of Russia.
The most important industrial branches are theiron processing and the mechanicalengineering. The most industrialized cities areLipetsk, the administrative center, andYelets. The region's fuel and energy complex is represented by petroleum product marketing companies, a network of consumer gas pipelines, and a power grid.
The largest companies in the region includeNLMK (revenues of $7.06 billion in 2017),Cherkizovo Pig Farming ($421.65 million),JSC Progress (baby food manufacturer$, 347.94 million), and the local branch ofIndesit ($342.8 million).[10]
Crop cultivation and horticulture form the basis of the region's agriculture. Livestock farming specializes incattle,pigs,goats,sheep, andpoultry. The processing industry is also well developed.
45,268 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[17]
According to a 2012 survey[18] 71.3% of the population of Lipetsk Oblast adheres to theRussian Orthodox Church, 3% areunaffiliated genericChristians, 1% areMuslims, and 1% of the population adheres to theSlavic native faith (Rodnovery) movement. In addition, 15% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 6% isatheist, and 2.7% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[18]
Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. №46-ОЗ 9 апреля 2003 г. «Устав Липецкой области», в ред. Закона №329-ОЗ от 5 декабря 2014 г. «О поправках к Уставу Липецкой области Российской Федерации». Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №71, 17 апреля 2003 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #46-OZ of April 9, 2003Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #329-OZ of December 5, 2014On the Amendments to the Charter of Lipetsk Oblast of the Russian Federation. ).
Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 6 января 1954 г. «Об образовании в составе РСФСР Липецкой области». (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of January 6, 1954On Establishing Lipetsk Oblast Within the RSFSR. ).
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