Linda Ronstadt | |
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 Ronstadt in 1976 | |
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| Born | Linda Maria Ronstadt[1] (1946-07-15)July 15, 1946 (age 79) Tucson, Arizona, U.S. |
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| Years active | 1965–2011 |
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| Website | lindaronstadt |
Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American former singer and musician who has performed and recorded in diverse genres includingrock,folk,pop,country, andsoul.[1]
Ronstadt has earned 11Grammy Awards,[2] threeAmerican Music Awards, twoAcademy of Country Music awards, anEmmy Award, and anALMA Award. Many of her albums have beencertified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally. She has also earned nominations for aTony Award and aGolden Globe award. She was awarded theLatin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award bythe Latin Recording Academy in 2011 and also awarded theGrammy Lifetime Achievement Award bythe Recording Academy in 2016. She was inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.[3] On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.[4][15] In 2019, she received a star jointly withDolly Parton andEmmylou Harris on theHollywood Walk of Fame for their work as the groupTrio.[16][17] Ronstadt was among five honorees who received the 2019Kennedy Center Honors for lifetime artistic achievements.
Ronstadt has released 24 studio albums and 15compilation orgreatest hits albums. She charted 38USBillboard Hot 100 singles. Twenty-one of those singles reached the top 40, ten reached the top 10, and one reached number one ("You're No Good"). Ronstadt also charted in the UK; two of her duets, "Somewhere Out There" withJames Ingram and "Don't Know Much" withAaron Neville, peaked at numbers 8 and 2 respectively, and the single "Blue Bayou" reached number 35 on theUK Singles Chart.[18][19] She has charted 36 albums, ten top-10 albums, and three number one albums on the USBillboard albums chart.[20] Ronstadt has lent her voice to over 120 albums, collaborating with artists in many genres, including Dolly Parton, Emmylou Harris,Bette Midler,Billy Eckstine,[21]Frank Zappa,Carla Bley (Escalator Over the Hill),Rosemary Clooney,Flaco Jiménez,Philip Glass,Warren Zevon,Gram Parsons,Neil Young,Paul Simon,Earl Scruggs,Johnny Cash, andNelson Riddle.[22][23] Christopher Loudon, ofJazz Times, wrote in 2004 that Ronstadt is "blessed with arguably the most sterling set of pipes of her generation".[24]
Ronstadt reduced her activity after 2000 when she felt her singing voice deteriorating.[25] She released her final solo album in 2004 and her final collaborative album in 2006, and performed her final live concert in 2009. She announced her retirement in 2011 and revealed shortly afterward that she is no longer able to sing, as a result of a degenerative condition initially diagnosed asParkinson's disease but later determined to beprogressive supranuclear palsy.[25][a] Since that time, Ronstadt has continued to make public appearances, going on a number of public speaking tours in the 2010s. She published an autobiography,Simple Dreams: A Musical Memoir,[26] in September 2013. A documentary based on her memoirs,Linda Ronstadt: The Sound of My Voice, was released in 2019.
Linda Maria Ronstadt was born inTucson, Arizona on July 15, 1946,[27] the third of four children of Gilbert Ronstadt (1911–1995), a prosperous machinery merchant who ran the F. Ronstadt Co.,[28] and Ruth Mary (née Copeman) Ronstadt (1914–1982), a homemaker.[29]
Ronstadt had aRoman Catholic upbringing[30] and was raised on the family's 10-acre (4 ha) ranch with her siblings Peter (who served as Tucson's chief of police from 1981 to 1991), Michael, and Gretchen. The family was featured inFamily Circle magazine in 1953.[31]
Ronstadt's father came from apioneering Arizona ranching family[32] and was of Mexican descent with a German male ancestor.[33] The family's influence on and contributions to Arizona's history, including wagon making, commerce, pharmacies, and music, are documented in the library of theUniversity of Arizona.[34] Her great-grandfather, the engineer Friedrich August Ronstadt (who went by Federico Augusto Ronstadt), immigrated first toSonora, Mexico, and later to theSouthwest (at that time a part of Mexico) in the 1840s fromHanover, Germany. He married Margarita Redondo y Vásquez, a Mexican citizen and eventually settled in Tucson.[35][36] In 1991, the City of Tucson opened its central transit terminal on March 16 and dedicated it to Linda's grandfather,Federico José María Ronstadt, a local pioneer businessman; he was a wagon maker whose early contribution to the city's mobility included six mule-drawn streetcars, delivered in 1903–04.[37]
Ronstadt's mother Ruth Mary, of German, English, andDutch ancestry, was raised inFlint, Michigan. Ruth Mary's father,Lloyd Groff Copeman, a prolific inventor and holder of nearly 700 patents, invented an early form of the electric toaster, many refrigerator devices, the grease gun, the first electric stove, and an early form of the microwave oven.[38] His flexible rubber ice cube tray earned him millions of dollars in royalties.[39]
Everybody has their own level of doing their music. ... Mine just happened to resonate over the years, in one way and another, with a significant enough number of people so that I could do it professionally.
Establishing her professional career in the mid-1960s at the forefront of California's emergingfolk rock andcountry rock movements – genres which defined post-1960s rock music – Ronstadt joined forces withBobby Kimmel andKenny Edwards and became the lead singer of a folk-rock trio, theStone Poneys. Later, as a solo artist, she releasedHand Sown ... Home Grown in 1969, which has been described as the firstalternative country record by a female recording artist.[41] Although fame eluded her during these years, Ronstadt actively toured withThe Doors, Neil Young, Jackson Browne, and others, appeared numerous times on television shows, and began to contribute her singing to albums by other artists.
With the release of chart-topping albums such asHeart Like a Wheel,Simple Dreams, andLiving in the USA, Ronstadt became the first female "arena class" rock star. She set records as one of the top-grossing concert artists of the decade.[41][42][43][44] Referred to as the "First Lady of Rock"[32][45] and the "Queen of Rock", Ronstadt was voted the Top Female Pop Singer of the 1970s.[32] Her rock-and-roll image was as famous as her music; she appeared six times on the cover ofRolling Stone and on the covers ofNewsweek andTime.
In the 1980s, Ronstadt performed on Broadway and received a Tony nomination for her performance inThe Pirates of Penzance,[46] teamed with the composerPhilip Glass, recorded traditional music, and collaborated with the conductor Nelson Riddle, an event at that time viewed as an original and unorthodox move for a rock-and-roll artist. This venture paid off,[47] and Ronstadt remained one of the music industry's best-selling acts throughout the 1980s, with multi-platinum-selling albums such asMad Love;What's New;Canciones de Mi Padre; andCry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind. She continued to tour, collaborate, and record celebrated albums, such asWinter Light andHummin' to Myself, until her retirement in 2011.[48] Most of Ronstadt's albums arecertified gold, platinum, or multi-platinum.[49][50]
Having sold in excess of 100 million records worldwide[51] and setting records as one of the top-grossing concert performers for over a decade, Ronstadt was the most successful female singer of the 1970s and stands as one of the most successful female recording artists in U.S. history. She opened many doors for women in rock and roll and other musical genres by championing songwriters and musicians, pioneering her chart success onto the concert circuit, and being in the vanguard of many musical movements.[41]
I don't record (any type of genre of music) that I didn't hear in my family's living room by the time I was 10. It just is my rule that I don't break because ... I can't do it authentically ... I really think that you're just hard-wiring (synapses) in your brain up until the age of maybe 12 or 10, and there are certain things you can't learn in an authentic way after that.
Ronstadt's early family life was filled with music and tradition, which influenced the stylistic and musical choices she later made in her career. Growing up, she listened to many types of music, includingMexican music, which was sung by her entire family and was a staple in her childhood.[53]
Ronstadt has remarked that all the styles she has recorded on her own records – rock and roll, rhythm and blues, gospel, opera, country, choral, and mariachi – are music she heard her family sing in their living room or heard played on the radio by the age of 10. She credits her mother for her appreciation ofGilbert and Sullivan and her father for introducing her to thetraditional pop andGreat American Songbook repertoire that she would, in turn, help reintroduce to an entire generation.[52][54]
If I didn't hear it on the radio, or if my dad wasn't playing it on the piano, or if my brother wasn't playing it on the guitar or singing it in his boys' choir, or my mother and sister weren't practicing a Broadway tune or a Gilbert and Sullivan song, then I can't do it today. It's as simple as that. All of my influences and my authenticity are a direct result of the music played in that Tucson living room.[55]
Early on, her singing style had been influenced by singers such asLola Beltrán andÉdith Piaf; she has called their singing and rhythms "more likeGreek music ... It's sort of like 6/8time signature ... very hard driving and very intense."[56] She also drew influence from country singerHank Williams.
She has said that "all girl singers" eventually "have to curtsy toElla Fitzgerald andBillie Holiday".[32] OfMaria Callas, Ronstadt says, "There's no one in her league. That's it. Period. I learn more ... about singing rock n roll from listening to Maria Callas records than I ever would from listening to pop music for a month of Sundays. ... She's the greatest chick singer ever."[57] She admires Callas for her musicianship and her attempts to push 20th-century singing, particularly opera, back into thebel canto "natural style of singing".[58]
A self-described product of American radio of the 1950s and 1960s, Ronstadt is a fan of its eclectic and diverse music programming.[54]
At age 14, Ronstadt formed a folk trio with her brother Peter and sister Gretchen. The group played coffeehouses, fraternity houses, and other small venues, billing themselves as "the Union City Ramblers" and "the Three Ronstadts", and they even recorded themselves at a Tucson studio under the name "the New Union Ramblers".[59] Their repertoire included the music they grew up on – folk, country, bluegrass, and Mexican.[60] But increasingly, Ronstadt wanted to make a union of folk music and rock 'n' roll,[44] and in 1964, after a semester at the University of Arizona,[61] the 18-year-old decided to move to Los Angeles.[62][63][64]
Ronstadt visited a friend from Tucson,Bobby Kimmel, in Los Angeles during Easter break from college in 1964, and later that year, shortly before her eighteenth birthday,[62] decided to move there permanently to form a band with him.[63] Kimmel had already begun co-writing folk-rock songs with guitarist-songwriterKenny Edwards, and eventually the three of them were signed byNik Venet toCapitol in the summer of 1966 as "the Stone Poneys". The trio released three albums in a 15-month period in 1967–68:The Stone Poneys;Evergreen, Volume 2; andLinda Ronstadt, Stone Poneys and Friends, Vol. III. The band is widely known for their hit single "Different Drum" (written byMichael Nesmith prior to his joiningthe Monkees), which reached number 13 on theBillboard Hot 100 chart as well as number 12 inCashbox magazine. Nearly 50 years later, the song remains one of Ronstadt's most popular recordings.[65]
Still contractually obligated to Capitol Records, Ronstadt released her first solo album,Hand Sown ... Home Grown, in 1969. It has been called the firstalternative country record by a female recording artist.[41] During this same period, she contributed to theMusic from Free Creek "super session" project.
Ronstadt provided the vocals for some commercials during this period, including one forRemington electric razors, in which a multitracked Ronstadt andFrank Zappa claimed that the electric razor "cleans you, thrills you ... may even keep you from getting busted".[66]
Ronstadt's second solo album,Silk Purse, was released in March 1970. Recorded entirely in Nashville, it was produced byElliot Mazer, whom Ronstadt chose on the advice ofJanis Joplin, who had worked with her on theCheap Thrills album.[67] TheSilk Purse album cover showed Ronstadt in a muddy pigpen, while the back and inside cover depicted her onstage wearing bright red. Ronstadt has stated that she was not pleased with the album, although it provided her with her first solo hit, the multi-format single "Long Long Time", and earned her first Grammy nomination (for Best Contemporary Vocal Performance/Female).
Judy Henske, who was the then reigning queen of folk music, said to me atThe Troubadour, "Honey, in this town there are four sexes. Men, women, homosexuals, and girl singers."
Soon after she went solo in the late 1960s, one of her first backing bands was the pioneering country-rock bandSwampwater, which combinedCajun andswamp rock elements in their music. Its members included Cajun fiddlerGib Guilbeau andJohn Beland, who later joinedthe Flying Burrito Brothers,[69] as well as Stan Pratt, Thad Maxwell, and Eric White, brother ofClarence White ofthe Byrds. Swampwater went on to back Ronstadt during TV appearances onThe Johnny Cash Show[70] andThe Mike Douglas Show, and at theBig Sur Folk Festival.[71]
Another backing band includedDon Henley,Glenn Frey,Bernie Leadon, andRandy Meisner, who went on to form theEagles. They toured with her for a short period in 1971 and played onLinda Ronstadt, her eponymous third album, from which a failed single, Ronstadt's version of Browne's "Rock Me on the Water", was drawn. At this stage, Ronstadt began working with producer and boyfriendJohn Boylan. She said, "As soon as I started working with John Boylan, I started co-producing myself. I was always a part of my productions. But I always needed a producer who would carry out my whims."[59] Also in 1971, Ronstadt began talking withDavid Geffen about moving from Capitol Records to Geffen'sAsylum Records label.[72]
In 1975, Ronstadt performed shows with Jackson Browne, the Eagles, andToots and the Maytals.[73] In these shows she would sing lead vocal on numerous songs including the Eagles' "Desperado" while singing background and playing tambourine and acoustic guitar on others.[74]
Several years before Ronstadt became what author Gerri Hirshey called the first "arena-class rock diva" with "hugely anticipated tours"[42] she began her solo career touring the North American concert circuit.
Being on the road took its toll both emotionally and professionally. In a 1976Rolling Stone interview withCameron Crowe, Ronstadt said, "they haven't invented a word for that loneliness that everybody goes through on the road. The world is tearing by you, real fast, and all these people are looking at you. ... People see me in my 'girl-singer' suit."[75] In 1974 she toldPeter Knobler inCrawdaddy, "People are always taking advantage of you; everybody that's interested in you has got an angle."[76]
There were few "girl singers" on the rock circuit at the time, and they were relegated to "groupie level when in a crowd of a bunch of rock and roll guys", a status Ronstadt avoided.[77] Relating to men on a professional level as fellow musicians led to competition, insecurity, bad romances, and a series of boyfriend-managers. At the time, she admired singers likeMaria Muldaur for not sacrificing their femininity but says she felt enormous self-imposed pressure to compete with "the boys" at every level.[63] She noted in a 1969 interview inFusion magazine that it was difficult being a single "chick singer" with an all-male backup band.[77] According to her, it was difficult to get a band of backing musicians because of their ego problem of being labeled sidemen for a female singer.[78]
In general when you fall in love with an artist and their music, the plan is a fairly simple one. .. get people to go and see them, and make a record that you think properly presents their music to the public and some of which you can get on the radio.
Ronstadt began her fourth solo album,Don't Cry Now, in 1973, with Boylan (who had negotiated her contract withAsylum Records) andJohn David "JD" Souther producing most of the album's tracks. But needing someone willing to work with her as an equal, Ronstadt askedPeter Asher, who came highly recommended to her byJames Taylor's sisterKate Taylor, to help produce two of them: "Sail Away" and "I Believe in You".[79]
The album featured Ronstadt's first country hit, "Silver Threads and Golden Needles", which she had first recorded onHand Sown ... Home Grown – this time hitting the Country Top 20.
With the release ofDon't Cry Now, Ronstadt took on her biggest gig to date as the opening act on Neil Young'sTime Fades Away tour, playing for larger crowds than ever before. Backstage at a concert in Texas,Chris Hillman introduced her toEmmylou Harris, telling them, "You two could be good friends,"[80] which soon occurred, resulting in frequent collaborations over the following years. Meanwhile, the album became Ronstadt's most successful up to that time, selling 300,000 copies by the end of 1974.[79]
Asher turned out to be more collaborative, and more on the same page with her musically, than any producer she had worked with previously.[59] Ronstadt's professional relationship with Asher allowed her to take command and effectively delegate responsibilities in the recording studio.[79] Although hesitant at first to work with her because of her reputation for being a "woman of strong opinions (who) knew what she wanted to do (with her career)", he nonetheless agreed to become her full-time producer[81] and remained in that role through the late 1980s. Asher attributed the long-term success of his working relationship with Ronstadt to the fact that he was the first person to manage and produce her with whom there was a solely professional relationship. "It must be a lot harder to have objective conversations about someone's career when it's someone you sleep with," he said.[79]
Asher executive-produced a tribute CD calledListen to Me: Buddy Holly, released on September 6, 2011, on which Ronstadt's 1976 version ofBuddy Holly's "That'll Be The Day" appears among newly recorded versions of Holly's songs by various artists.[82]
I grew up singing Mexican music, and that's based on indigenous Mexican rhythms. Mexican music also has an overlay of West African music, based on huapango drums, and it's kind of like a 6/8time signature, but it really is a very syncopated 6/8. And that's how I attack vocals.
Ronstadt captured the sounds ofcountry music and the rhythms ofranchera music – which she likened in 1968 to"Mexican bluegrass" – and redirected them into her rock 'n' roll and some of her pop music. Many of these rhythms and sounds were part of herSouthwestern roots.[83] Likewise, a country sound and style, a fusion of country music and rock 'n' roll calledcountry rock, started to exert its influence on mainstream pop music around the late 1960s, and it became an emerging movement Ronstadt helped form and commercialize. However, as early as 1970, Ronstadt was being criticized by music "purists" for her "brand of music" which crossed many genres.Country Western Stars magazine wrote in 1970 that "Rock people thought she was too gentle, folk people thought she was too pop, and pop people didn't quite understand where she was at, but Country people really loved Linda." She never categorized herself and stuck to her genre-crossing brand of music.[84]
Ronstadt is considered an "interpreter of her times",[85] and has earned praise for her courage to put her "stamp" on many of her songs.[86] Ronstadt herself has indicated that some of her 1970s hits were recorded under considerable pressure to create commercially successful recordings, and that she prefers many of her songs that were non-hit album tracks.[59] An infrequent songwriter, Ronstadt co-composed only three songs over her long career.
Ronstadt's natural vocal range spans several octaves fromcontralto tosoprano, and occasionally she will showcase this entire range within a single work. Ronstadt was the first female artist in popular music history to accumulate four consecutive platinum albums (fourteen certified million selling, to date). As for the singles,Rolling Stone pointed out that a whole generation, "but for her, might never have heard the work of artists such asBuddy Holly,Elvis Costello, andChuck Berry."[87]
Music is meant to lighten your load. By singing it ... you release (the sadness). And release yourself ... an exercise in exorcism. ... You exorcise that emotion ... and diminish sadness and feel joy.
Others have argued that Ronstadt had the same generational effect with her Great American Songbook music, exposing a whole new generation to the music of the 1920s and 1930s – music which was pushed aside because of the advent of rock 'n' roll. When interpreting, Ronstadt said she "sticks to what the music demands", in terms of lyrics.[89] Explaining that rock and roll music is part of her culture, she says that the songs she sang after her rock and roll hits were part of her soul. "The (Mariachi music) was my father's side of the soul," she was quoted as saying in a 1998 interview she gave at her Tucson home. "My mother's side of my soul was the Nelson Riddle stuff. And I had to do them both to reestablish who I was."[90]
In the 1974 bookRock 'N' Roll Woman, author Katherine Orloff writes that Ronstadt's "own musical preferences run strongly to rhythm and blues, the type of music she most frequently chooses to listen to ... (and) her goal is to ... be soulful too. With this in mind, Ronstadt fuses country and rock into a special union."[63]
By this stage of her career, Ronstadt had established her niche in the field of country-rock. Along with other musicians such asthe Flying Burrito Brothers,Emmylou Harris,Gram Parsons,Swampwater, Neil Young, and the Eagles, she helped free country music from stereotypes and showed rockers that country was okay. However, she stated that she was being pushed hard into singing more rock and roll.[80]
AuthorAndrew Greeley, in his bookGod in Popular Culture, described Ronstadt as "the most successful and certainly the most durable and most gifted woman Rock singer of her era."[91] Signaling her wide popularity as a concert artist, outside of the singles charts and the recording studio,Dirty Linen magazine describes her as the "first true woman rock 'n' roll superstar ... (selling) out stadiums with a string of mega-successful albums."[41]Cashbox gave Ronstadt aSpecial Decade Award,[92] as the top-selling female singer of the 1970s.[32]
Her album covers, posters, magazine covers – her entire rock 'n' roll image – were as famous as her music.[40] By the end of the decade, the singer whom theChicago Sun Times described as the "Dean of the 1970s school of female rock singers"[86] became whatRedbook called "the most successful female rock star in the world."[93] "Female" was the important qualifier, according toTime magazine, which labeled her "a rarity ... to (have survived) ... in the shark-infested deeps of rock."[94]
Although Ronstadt had been a cult favorite on the music scene for several years, 1975 was "remembered in the music biz as the year when 29-year-old Linda Ronstadtbelatedly happened."[95]
With the release ofHeart Like a Wheel—named after one of the album's songs, written byAnna McGarrigle—Ronstadt reached number 1 on theBillboard 200 chart;[96] it was also the first of four number 1 Country Albums, and the disc was certified double-platinum[97] (over two million copies sold in the U.S.). In many instances, her own interpretations were more successful than the original recordings, and many times new songwriters were discovered by a larger audience as a result of her interpretation and recording. Ronstadt had major success interpreting songs from a diverse spectrum of artists.
Heart Like a Wheel's first single release, "You're No Good" – a rockified version of an R&B song written byClint Ballard, Jr. that Ronstadt had initially resisted becauseAndrew Gold's guitar tracks sounded too much like a "Beatles song" to her[79] – climbed to number 1 on both theBillboard andCash Box Pop singles charts.[98] The album's second single release, "When Will I Be Loved" – an uptempo country-rock version of a Top 10Everly Brothers song – hit number 1 inCashbox and number 2 inBillboard.[98] The song was also Ronstadt's first number 1 country hit.[98]
The album's critical and commercial success was due to a fine presentation of country and rock, withHeart Like a Wheel her first of many major commercial successes that would set her on the path to being one of the best-selling female artists of all time. Ronstadt won her first Grammy Award[99] forBest Country Vocal Performance/Female for "I Can't Help It (If I'm Still in Love with You)" which was originally a 1940s hit byHank Williams. Ronstadt's interpretation peaked at number 2 on the country chart. The album itself was nominated for the Album of the Year Grammy.
Rolling Stone put Ronstadt on its cover in March 1975. It was the first of sixRolling Stone covers shot by photographerAnnie Leibovitz. It included her as the featured artist with a full photo layout and an article byBen Fong-Torres, discussing Ronstadt's many struggling years in rock n roll, as well as her home life and what it was like to be a woman on tour in a decidedly all-male environment.
In September 1975, Ronstadt's albumPrisoner in Disguise was released. It quickly climbed into the Top Five on theBillboard Album Chart and sold over a million copies.[97] It became her second in a row to go platinum, "a grand slam" in the same year (Ronstadt would eventually become the first female artist in popular music history to have three consecutive platinum albums and would ultimately go on to have eight consecutive platinum albums, and then another six between 1983 and 1990).[95] The disc's first single release was "Love Is A Rose". It was climbing the pop and country charts but "Heat Wave", a rockified version of the 1963 hit byMartha and the Vandellas, was receiving considerable airplay. Asylum pulled the "Love Is a Rose" single and issued "Heat Wave" with "Love Is a Rose" on the B-side. "Heat Wave" hit the Top Five onBillboard's Hot 100 while "Love Is A Rose" hit the Top Five on Billboard's country chart.
In 1976, Ronstadt reached the Top 3 ofBillboard's Album Chart and won her second careerGrammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for her third consecutive platinum[97] albumHasten Down the Wind. The album featured a sexy, revealing cover shot and showcased Ronstadt the singer-songwriter, who composed two of its songs, "Try Me Again" (co-authored with Andrew Gold) and "Lo Siento Mi Vida". It also included an interpretation of Willie Nelson's ballad "Crazy", which became a Top 10 Country hit for Ronstadt in early 1977.
At the end of 1977, Ronstadt surpassed the success ofHeart Like a Wheel with her albumSimple Dreams, which, after spending nine consecutive weeks at number 2 behindFleetwood Mac'sRumours,[100] displaced it, and held the number 1 position for five consecutive weeks on theBillboard 200 chart.[101] It sold over 31⁄2 million copies in less than a year in the U.S. alone – a record for a female artist.Simple Dreams spawned a string of hit singles on numerous charts. Among them were theRIAA platinum-certified single "Blue Bayou", a country-rock interpretation of aRoy Orbison song; "It's So Easy" – previously sung by Buddy Holly – , a cover of The Rolling Stones' "Tumbling Dice", and "Poor Poor Pitiful Me", a song written byWarren Zevon, an up-and-coming songwriter of the time. The album garnered several Grammy Award nominations – including Record of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Performance/Female for "Blue Bayou" – and won its art director,Kosh, a Grammy Award for Best Album Cover, the first of three Grammy Awards he would win for designing Ronstadt album covers. In late 1977, Ronstadt became the first female recording artist to have two songs in the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 Top Ten at the same time. "Blue Bayou" was at No. 3 while "It's So Easy" was at No. 5.
Simple Dreams became one of the singer's most successful albums internationally, reaching number 1 on the Australian and Canadian Pop and Country Albums charts.[102]Simple Dreams also made Ronstadt the most successful international female touring artist. The same year, she completed a concert tour around Europe. AsCountry Music magazine wrote in October 1978,Simple Dreams solidified Ronstadt's role as "easily the most successful female rock and rolland country star at this time."[60]
Also in 1977, she was asked by theLos Angeles Dodgers to sing theU.S. National Anthem at game three of theWorld Series against theNew York Yankees.[103]
Ronstadt said she was "artificially encouraged to kinda cop a really tough attitude (and be tough) because rock and roll is kind of tough (business)".[14] Female rock artists like her and Janis Joplin, whom she described as lovely, shy, and literate in real life and the antithesis of the "red hot mamma" she was artificially encouraged to project, went through an identity crisis.[14]
By the mid-1970s, Ronstadt's image became just as famous as her music.[40] In 1976 and 1977, she appeared on the covers ofRolling Stone andTime. TheRolling Stone cover story was accompanied by a series of photographs of Ronstadt in a skimpy red slip, taken byAnnie Leibovitz. Ronstadt felt deceived, not realizing that the photos would be so revealing. She says her manager Peter Asher kicked Leibovitz out of the house when she visited to show them the photographs prior to publication. Leibovitz had refused to let them veto any of the photos, which included one of Ronstadt sprawled across a bed in her underpants.[40] In a 1977 interview, Ronstadt explained, "Annie [Leibovitz] saw that picture as an exposé of my personality. She was right. But I wouldn't choose to show a picture like that to anybody who didn't know me personally, because only friends could get the other sides of me in balance."[104]
Her 1977 appearance on the coverTime under the banner "Torchy Rock" was also upsetting to Ronstadt, considering what the image appeared to project about the most famous woman in rock.[14][105] At a time in the industry when men still told women what to sing and what to wear,[106] Ronstadt hated the image of her that was projected to the world on that cover,[14] and she noted how the photographer kept forcing her to wear a dress, which was an image she did not want to project.[14] In 2004, she was interviewed forCBS This Morning[107] and stated that this image was not her because she did not sit like that. Asher noted, "Anyone who's met Linda for 10 seconds will know that I couldn't possibly have been herSvengali. She's an extremely determined woman, in every area. To me, she was everything that feminism's about."[106] Qualities which, Asher has stated, were considered a "negative (in a woman at that time), whereas in a man they were perceived as being masterful and bold".[81] Since her solo career had begun, Ronstadt had fought hard to be recognized as a solo female singer in the world of rock, and her portrayal on theTime cover did not appear to help the situation.[78]
In 1978,Rolling Stone declared Ronstadt "by far America's best-known female rock singer."[43] She scored a third number 1 album on the Billboard Album Chart – at this point equaling the record set by Carole King in 1974 – withLiving in the USA. She achieved a major hit single with "Ooo Baby Baby", with her rendition hitting all four major singles charts (Pop, AC, Country, R&B).Living in the USA was the first album by any recording act in music history to ship double-platinum (over 2 million advance copies).[42] The album eventually sold 3 million U.S. copies.
At the end of that year,Billboard magazine crowned Ronstadt with three number-one Awards for the Year: Pop Female Singles Artist of the Year, Pop Female Album Artist of the Year, and Female Artist of the Year (overall).[108]
Living in the USA showed the singer on roller skates with a newly short, permed hairdo on the album cover. Ronstadt continued this theme on concert tour promotional posters with photos of her on roller skates in a dramatic pose with a large American flag in the background. By this stage of her career, she was using posters to promote every album[40] and concert – which at the time were recorded live on radio or television.
Ronstadt was also featured in the 1978 filmFM, where the plot involved disc jockeys attempting to broadcast a Ronstadt concert live, without a competing station's knowledge. The film also showed Ronstadt performing the songs "Poor, Poor Pitiful Me", "Love Me Tender", and "Tumbling Dice". Ronstadt was persuaded to record "Tumbling Dice" afterMick Jagger came backstage when she was at a concert and said, "You do too many ballads, you should do more rock and roll songs."[109]
Following the success ofLiving in the USA, Ronstadt conducted album promotional tours and concerts. She made a guest appearance onstage withthe Rolling Stones at the Tucson Community Center on July 21, 1978, in her hometown of Tucson, where she and Jagger sang "Tumbling Dice".[110][111][112] On singing with Jagger, Ronstadt later said, "I loved it. I didn't have a trace of stage fright. I'm scared to death all the way through my own shows. But it was too much fun to get scared. He's so silly onstage, he knocks you over. I mean you have to be on your toes or you wind up falling on your face."[43]
Rock is the thumping heart of Linda's music, and the rock world is dominated by males. The biggest stars are male, and so are the back-up musicians ... rock beats are ... phallic, and lyrics ... masculine. ...Janis Joplin, the first great white woman rocker, rattled the bars ... but she died. ...Joni Mitchell ... stylish (but can't) compete in drawing power with men ... (however) Linda Ronstadt ... has made herself one of the biggest individual rock draws in the world.
By the end of 1978, Ronstadt had solidified her role as one of rock and pop's most successful solo female acts, and owing to her consistent platinum album success, and her ability as the first woman to sell out concerts in arenas and stadiums hosting tens of thousands of fans,[32] Ronstadt became the "highest-paid woman in rock".[42] She had six platinum-certified albums, three of which were number 1 on theBillboard album chart, and numerous charting pop singles. In 1978 alone, she made over $12 million[32] (equivalent to $58,000,000 in 2024)[114] and in the same year her albums sales were reported to be 17 million – grossing over $60 million[115] (equivalent to $289,000,000 in 2024).[114]
AsRolling Stone dubbed her "Rock's Venus",[43] her record sales continued to multiply and set records themselves. By 1979, Ronstadt had collected eight gold, six platinum, and four multi-platinum certifications for her albums, an unprecedented feat at the time. Her 1976Greatest Hits album would sell consistently for the next 25 years, and it was certified by theRIAA for seven-times platinum in 2001[97] (over seven million U.S. copies sold). In 1980,Greatest Hits, Volume 2 was released and certified platinum.[97]
In 1979, Ronstadt went on an international tour, playing in arenas across Australia to Japan, including theMelbourne Cricket Ground inMelbourne, and theBudokan in Tokyo. She also participated in a benefit concert for her friendLowell George, held atthe Forum, in Los Angeles.
By the end of the decade, Ronstadt had outsold her female competition; she had five straight platinum LPs – Hasten Down the Wind andHeart Like a Wheel among them.[116]Us Weekly reported in 1978 that Ronstadt,Joni Mitchell,Stevie Nicks, andCarly Simon had become "The Queens of Rock"[115] and "Rock is no longer exclusively male. There is a new royalty ruling today's record charts."[115]
She would go on to parlay her mass commercial appeal with major success in interpretingThe Great American Songbook – made famous a generation before byFrank Sinatra andElla Fitzgerald – and later the Mexican folk songs of her childhood.
Rampant eclecticism is my middle name.
In February 1980, Ronstadt releasedMad Love, her seventh consecutive platinum-selling album. It was a straightforward rock and roll album with post-punk, new wave influences, including tracks by songwriters such as Elvis Costello,the Cretones, and musicianMark Goldenberg who played on the record himself. As part of the album's promotion, a live concert was recorded for an HBO special in April. A partial soundtrack for this special (omitting most of theMad Love tracks) was released as her first official live album in February 2019.[117]
She also made the cover ofRolling Stone for a record-setting sixth time.Mad Love entered theBillboard Album Chart in the Top Five its first week (a record at that time) and climbed to the number 3 position. The project continued her streak of Top 10 hits with "How Do I Make You", originally recorded byBilly Thermal, and "Hurt So Bad", originally a Top 10 hit forLittle Anthony & the Imperials. The album earned Ronstadt a 1980Grammy Award nomination forBest Rock Vocal Performance/Female (although she lost toPat Benatar'sCrimes of Passion album). Benatar praised Ronstadt by stating, "There are a lot of good female singers around. How could I be the best? Ronstadt is still alive!"[118]
In the summer 1980, Ronstadt began rehearsals for the first of several leads in Broadway musicals.Joseph Papp cast her as the lead in theNew York Shakespeare Festival production ofGilbert and Sullivan'sThe Pirates of Penzance, alongsideKevin Kline.[119] She said singing Gilbert and Sullivan was a natural choice for her, since her grandfather Fred Ronstadt was credited with having createdTucson's first orchestra, theClub Filarmonico Tucsonense, and had once created an arrangement ofThe Pirates of Penzance.[53]
The Pirates of Penzance opened for a limited engagement in New York City'sCentral Park, eventually moving its production to Broadway, where it became a hit, running from January 8, 1981, to November 28, 1982.[120]Newsweek was effusive in its praise: "... she has not dodged thecoloratura demands of her role (and Mabel is one of the most demanding parts in the G&S canon): from her entrance trilling 'Poor Wand'ring One,' it is clear that she is prepared to scale whatever soprano peaks stand in her way."[98] Ronstadt co-starred with Kline andAngela Lansbury in the 1983 operetta's film version; this was her only acting role in a motion picture (her other film appearances, such as in the 1978 drama,FM, being concert footage as herself). Ronstadt received aGolden Globe nomination for the role in the film version. She garnered a nomination for theTony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical andThe Pirates of Penzance won several Tony Awards, including aTony Award for Best Revival.
As a child, Ronstadt had discovered the operaLa bohème through the silent film withLillian Gish and was determined to someday play the part of Mimi. When she met the opera superstarBeverly Sills, she was told,"My dear,every soprano in the world wants to play Mimi!" In 1984, Ronstadt was cast in the role at Joseph Papp'sPublic Theater. However, the production was a critical and commercial disaster, closing after only a few nights.[121]
In 1982, Ronstadt released the albumGet Closer, a primarily rock album with some country and pop music as well. It remains her only album between 1975 and 1990 not to be officially certified platinum. It peaked at number 31 on theBillboard Album Chart. The release continued her streak of Top 40 hits with "Get Closer" and "I Knew You When" – a 1965 hit byBilly Joe Royal – while theJimmy Webb song "Easy For You To Say" was a surprise Top 10 Adult Contemporary hit in the spring of 1983. "Sometimes You Just Can't Win" was picked up by country radio, and made it to number 27 on that listing. Ronstadt also filmed several music videos for this album which became popular on the fledgling MTV cable channel. The album earned Ronstadt two Grammy Award nominations: one for Best Rock Vocal Performance/Female for the title track and another for Best Pop Vocal Performance/Female for the album. The artwork won its art director, Kosh, his second Grammy Award forBest Album Package.
Along with the release of herGet Closer album, Ronstadt embarked on a North American tour, remaining one of the top rock-concert draws that summer and fall. On November 25, 1982, her "Happy Thanksgiving Day" concert was held at theReunion Arena in Dallas and broadcast live via satellite toNBC radio stations in the United States.[122]
In 1988, Ronstadt returned to Broadway for a limited-run engagement in the musical show adaptation of her album celebrating her Mexican heritage,Canciones De Mi Padre – A Romantic Evening in Old Mexico.[123]
Ronstadt has remarked that in the beginning of her career she "was so focused on folk, rock and country" that she "got a bit bored and started to branch out, and ... [has] been doing that ever since."[124] By 1983, her estimated worth was over $40 million[125] mostly from records, concerts and merchandising.
In the early 1980s, Ronstadt was criticized for accepting $500,000 to perform at the South African resortSun City, violatingthe cultural boycott imposed against South Africa because of its policy ofapartheid.[126][127][128] At the time, she stated, "the last place for a boycott is in the arts" and "I don't like being told I can't go somewhere".[129]Paul Simon was criticized for including her on his 1986 albumGraceland, recorded in South Africa, but defended her: "I know that her intention was never to support the government there ... She made a mistake. She's extremely liberal in her political thinking and unquestionably antiapartheid."[130]
Ronstadt eventually tired of playing arenas.[131] She had ceased to feel that arenas, where people milled around smoking marijuana cigarettes and drinking beer, were "appropriate places for music". She wanted "angels in the architecture" – a reference to a lyric in the Paul Simon song "You Can Call Me Al" fromGraceland. (Ronstadt sang harmony with Simon on a differentGraceland track, "Under African Skies". The second verse's lyrics pay tribute to Ronstadt: "Take this child, Lord, from Tucson, Arizona. ..."). Ronstadt has said she wants to sing in places similar to thetheatre of ancient Greece, where the attention is focused on the stage and the performer.[132]
Ronstadt's recording output in the 1980s proved to be just as commercially and critically successful as her 1970s recordings. Between 1983 and 1990, Ronstadt scored six additional platinum albums; two are triple platinum (each with over three million U.S. copies sold); one has been certified double platinum (over two million copies sold), and one has earned additional certification as a Gold (over 500,000 U.S. copies sold) double-disc album.[50]
In 1981, Ronstadt produced and recorded an album of pop standards (later marketed inbootleg form) titledKeeping Out of Mischief with the assistance of producerJerry Wexler. However, Ronstadt's displeasure with the result led her, with regrets, to scrap the project. "Doing that killed me," she said in aTime magazine interview.[133] But the appeal of the album's music had seduced Ronstadt, as she toldDownBeat in April 1985, crediting Wexler for encouraging her.[134] Nonetheless, Ronstadt had to convince her reluctant record company,Elektra, to approve this type of album under her contract.[135]
By 1983, Ronstadt had enlisted the help of 62-year-old conductor Nelson Riddle. The two embarked on an unorthodox and original approach to rehabilitating the Great American Songbook, recording a trilogy oftraditional pop albums:What's New (1983—U.S. 3.7 million as of 2010);Lush Life (1984—U.S. 1.7 million as of 2010); andFor Sentimental Reasons (1986—U.S. 1.3 million as of 2010). The three albums have had a combined sales total of nearly seven million copies in the U.S. alone.
I now realize I was taking a tremendous risk, and that Joe Smith (the head of Elektra Records, and strongly opposed) was looking out for himself, and for me. When it became apparent I wouldn't change my mind, he said: "I love Nelson so much! Can I please come to the sessions." I said "Yes." When the albums ... were successful, Joe congratulated me, and I never said "I told you so."
The album design forWhat's New by designer Kosh was unlike any of her previous disc covers. It showed Ronstadt in a vintage dress lying on shimmering satin sheets with aWalkman headset. At the time, Ronstadt received some chiding for both the album cover and her venture into what was then considered "elevator music" by cynics, but remained determined to record with Riddle, andWhat's New became a hit. The album was released in September 1983 and spent 81 weeks on theBillboard Album Chart and held the number three position for a month and a half (held out of the top spot only byMichael Jackson'sThriller andLionel Richie'sCan't Slow Down) and theRIAA certified it triple platinum[97] (over three million copies sold in the U.S. alone). The album earned Ronstadt anotherGrammy nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, and critical raves, withTime magazine calling it "one of the gutsiest, most unorthodox and unexpected albums of the year."[137]
Ronstadt faced considerable pressure not to recordWhat's New or record with Riddle. According to jazz historianPeter Levinson, author of the bookSeptember in the Rain – a Biography on Nelson Riddle, Joe Smith, president of Elektra Records, was terrified that the Riddle album would turn off Ronstadt's rock audience.[135] Ronstadt did not completely turn her back on her rock and roll past, however; the video for the title track featuredDanny Kortchmar as the old beau that she bumped into during a rainstorm.
What's New brought Riddle to a younger audience. According to Levinson, "the younger audience hated what Riddle had done withFrank Sinatra,[138] which in 1983 was considered 'Vintage Pop'". Working with Ronstadt, Riddle brought his career back into focus in the last three years of his life.[138]Stephen Holden ofThe New York Times wrote,What's New "isn't the first album by a rock singer to pay tribute to the golden age of the pop, but is ... the best and most serious attempt to rehabilitate an idea of pop thatBeatlemania and the mass marketing of rock LPs for teenagers undid in the mid-60s. ... In the decade prior to Beatlemania, most of the great band singers and crooners of the 40s and 50s codified a half-century of American pop standards on dozens of albums ... many of them now long out-of-print."[139]What's New is the first album by a rock singer to have major commercial success in rehabilitating theGreat American Songbook.[139]
In 1984, Ronstadt and Riddle performed these songs live, inconcert halls throughout Australia, Japan, and the United States, including multi-night performances at historic venuesCarnegie Hall,Radio City Music Hall, andPine Knob.
In 2004, Ronstadt releasedHummin' to Myself, her album forVerve Records. It was her first foray intotraditional jazz since her sessions with Jerry Wexler and her records with the Nelson Riddle Orchestra, but this time with an intimatejazzcombo. The album was a quiet affair for Ronstadt, giving few interviews and making only one television performance as a promotion. It reached number 2 on Billboard's Top Jazz Albums chart but peaked at number 166 on the main Billboard album chart. Not having the mass distribution thatWarner Music Group gave her,Hummin' To Myself had sold over 75,000 copies in the U.S. as of 2010. It also achieved some critical acclaim from the jazz cognoscenti.[24]
When (we) sang, it was a beautiful and different sound I've never heard before. We (recorded the vocals) as individual parts, because we didn't have the luxury of spending a lot of time together on a tour bus ... and knowing each other's (vocal) moves ... takes years.
In 1978, Ronstadt, Dolly Parton, and Emmylou Harris, friends and admirers of one another's work (Ronstadt had included a cover of Parton's "I Will Always Love You" onPrisoner in Disguise) attempted to collaborate on aTrio album. Unfortunately, the attempt did not pan out. Ronstadt later remarked that not too many people were in control at the time and everyone was too involved with their own careers. (Though the efforts to complete the album were abandoned, a number of the recordings were included on the singers' respective solo recordings over the next few years.) This concept album was put on the back burner for almost ten years.
In January 1986, the three eventually did make their way into the recording studio, where they spent the next several months working. The result,Trio, which they had conceived ten years earlier, was released in March 1987. It was a considerable hit, holding the number 1 position on Billboard's Country Albums chart for five weeks running and hitting the Top 10 on the pop side also. Selling over three million copies in the U.S. and winning them aGrammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, it produced four Top Ten Country singles including "To Know Him Is to Love Him" which hit number 1. The album was also a nominee for overall Album of the Year, in the company of Michael Jackson,U2,Prince, andWhitney Houston.
In 1994, the three performers recorded a follow-up toTrio. As was the case with their aborted 1978 effort, conflicting schedules and competing priorities delayed the album's release indefinitely. Ronstadt, who had already paid for studio time—and owed her record company a finished album—removed Parton's individual tracks at Parton's request, kept Harris's vocals, and produced a number of the recordings, which she subsequently released on her 1995 return to country rock, the albumFeels Like Home.
However, in 1999, Ronstadt, Parton, and Harris agreed to release theTrio II album, as was originally recorded in 1994. It included an ethereal cover of Neil Young's "After The Gold Rush" which became a popular music video. The effort was certified Gold (over 500,000 copies sold) and won them aGrammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals for the track. Ronstadt co-produced the album withGeorge Massenburg and the three women also received a nomination for theGrammy Award for Best Country Album.
At the end of 1987, Ronstadt releasedCanciones de Mi Padre, an album of traditional Mexican folk songs, or what she has described as "world class songs". Keeping with the Ronstadt history theme, her cover art was dramatic, bold, and colorful; it shows Ronstadt in full Mexican regalia. Her musical arranger was mariachi musicianRubén Fuentes.
Thesecanciones were a big part of Ronstadt's family tradition and musical roots. In January 1946, theUniversity of Arizona published a booklet byLuisa Espinel entitledCanciones de mi Padre.[140] Luisa Espinel, Ronstadt's aunt, was an international singer in the 1920s and 1930s. Espinel's father was Fred Ronstadt, Linda Ronstadt's grandfather, and the songs she had learned, transcribed, and published were some of the ones he had brought with him fromSonora. Ronstadt researched and extracted from the favorites she had learned from her father Gilbert and she called her album by the same name as her aunt's booklet and as a tribute to her father and his family. Though not fully bilingual, she has a fairly good command of the Spanish language, allowing her to sing Latin American songs with little discernible U.S. accent; Ronstadt has often identified herself as Mexican-American.[141] Her formative years were spent with her father's side of the family.[142] In fact, in 1976, Ronstadt had collaborated with her father to write and compose a traditional Mexican folk ballad,"Lo siento mi vida" – a song that she included onHasten Down the Wind. Ronstadt has also credited Mexican singerLola Beltrán as an influence on her own singing style, and she recalls how a frequent guest to the Ronstadt home,Eduardo "Lalo" Guerrero, father ofChicano music, would often serenade her as a child.[53]
Canciones de Mi Padre won Ronstadt a Grammy Award forBest Mexican-American Performance. In 2001, it was certified double-platinum by the RIAA for shipments of over 2 million copies in the United States, making it the best-selling non-English-language album in U.S. music history. The album and later theatrical stage show served as a benchmark of the Latin cultural renaissance in North America.
(I obtained) enough clout and ... after years and years of making commercial records, I was entitled to experiment ... the success of the (Nelson Riddle albums) ... entitled me to try the Mexican stuff.
Ronstadt produced and performed a theatrical stage show, also titledCanciones de mi Padre, in concert halls across the U.S. and Latin America to both Hispanic and non-Hispanic audiences. These performances were later released on DVD. Ronstadt elected to return to the Broadway stage, four years after she performed inLa bohème, for a limited-run engagement.PBS'sGreat Performances aired the stage show during its annual fund drives and the show was a hit with audiences, earning Ronstadt aPrimetime Emmy Award for Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.
Ronstadt recorded two additional albums of Latin music in the early 1990s. Their promotion, like most of her albums in the 1990s, was a quieter affair, with Ronstadt making only a limited number of appearances to promote them. They were not nearly as successful asCanciones De Mi Padre, but were critically acclaimed in some circles. In 1991, she releasedMas Canciones, a follow-up to the firstCanciones. For this album, she won a Grammy Award forBest Mexican/Mexican-American Album. The following year, she stepped outside of the mariachi genre and decided to record well-known Afro-Cuban songs. This album was titledFrenesí. Like her two previous Latin recordings ventures, it won Ronstadt a Grammy Award, this time forBest Traditional Tropical Latin Album.
In 1991, Ronstadt acted in the lead role of archangel San Miguel inLa Pastorela, orA Shephard's Tale, a musical filmed atSan Juan Bautista. It was written and directed byLuis Valdez. The production was part of the PBSGreat Performances series.
In December 2020, it was announced thatCanciones de Mi Padre had been inducted into theGrammy Hall of Fame.[143]
By the late 1980s, while enjoying the success of her big band jazz collaborations with Riddle and her surprise hit mariachi recordings, Ronstadt elected to return to recording mainstream pop music once again. In 1987, she made a return to the top of theBillboard Hot 100 singles chart with "Somewhere Out There", which peaked at number 2 in March.[98] Featured in the animated filmAn American Tail, the sentimental duet with James Ingram was nominated for several Grammy Awards, ultimately winning theGrammy Award for Song of the Year. The song also received a nomination for theAcademy Award for Best Original Song and achieved high sales, earning a million-selling gold single in the U.S. – one of the last 45s ever to do so. It was also accompanied by a popular music video. On the heels of this success,Steven Spielberg asked Ronstadt to record the theme song for the animated sequel titledAn American Tail: Fievel Goes West, which was titled "Dreams to Dream". Although "Dreams to Dream" failed to achieve the success of "Somewhere Out There", the song did give Ronstadt an Adult Contemporary hit in 1991.
In 1989, Ronstadt released a mainstream pop album and several popular singles.Cry Like A Rainstorm, Howl Like The Wind became one of the singer's most successful albums – in production, arrangements, sales, and critical acclaim. It became Ronstadt's tenth Top 10 album on theBillboard chart, reaching number 7 and being certified triple-platinum[97] (over three million copies sold in the U.S.). The album also received Grammy Award nominations.[144] Ronstadt included New Orleans soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the album's songs.
Ronstadt incorporated the sounds of theOakland Interfaith Gospel Choir,Tower of Power horns, the Skywalker Symphony, and numerous musicians. It included the duets with Aaron Neville, "Don't Know Much" (Billboard Hot 100 number 2 hit, Christmas 1989[98]) and "All My Life" (Billboard Hot 100 number 11 hit), both of which were long-running number 1 Adult Contemporary hits. The duets earned several Grammy Award nominations. The duo won both the 1989 and 1990 Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal awards. Ronstadt's last known live Grammy Award appearance was in 1990 when she and Neville performed "Don't Know Much" together on the telecast.[58] ("Whenever I sing with a different artist, I can get things out of my voice that I can't do by myself", Ronstadt reflected in 2007. "I can do things with Aaron that I can't do alone.")[145]
In December 1990, she participated in a concert held at theTokyo Dome to commemorateJohn Lennon's 50th birthday, and to raise awareness of environmental issues. Other participants includedMiles Davis,Lenny Kravitz,Hall & Oates,Natalie Cole,Yoko Ono, andSean Lennon. An album resulted, titledHappy Birthday, John.[146]
Ronstadt released the highly acclaimedWinter Light album at the end of 1993. It included New Age arrangements such as the lead single "Heartbeats Accelerating" as well as the self-penned title track and featured the glass harmonica. It was her first commercial failure since 1972, and peaked at number 92 in Billboard, whereas 1995'sFeels Like Home was Ronstadt's much-heralded return to country-rock and included her version ofTom Petty's classic hit "The Waiting". The single's rollicking, fiddle-infused flip side, "Walk On", returned Ronstadt to the Country Singles chart for the first time since 1983. An album track entitled "The Blue Train" charted 10 weeks inBillboard's Adult Contemporary Top 40. This album fared slightly better than its predecessor, reaching number 75. Both albums were later deleted from the Elektra/Asylum catalog. Ronstadt was nominated for threeLo Nuestro Awards in 1993: Female Regional Mexican Artist of the Year, Female Tropical/Salsa Artist of the Year, and her version of the song "Perfidia" was also listed for Tropical/Salsa Song of the Year.[147]
In 1996, Ronstadt producedDedicated to the One I Love, an album of classic rock and roll songs reinvented as lullabies. The album reached number 78 inBillboard and won theGrammy Award for Best Musical Album for Children.
In 1998, Ronstadt releasedWe Ran, her first album in over two years. The album harkened back to Ronstadt's country-rock and folk-rock heyday. She returned to her rock 'n' roll roots with vivid interpretations of songs byBruce Springsteen,Doc Pomus,Bob Dylan, andJohn Hiatt. The recording was produced byGlyn Johns. A commercial failure, the album stood at 57,897 copies sold at the time of its deletion in 2008. It is the poorest-selling studio album in Ronstadt's Elektra/Asylum catalog.We Ran did not chart any singles but it was well received by critics.
Despite the lack of success ofWe Ran, Ronstadt kept moving towards this adult rock exploration. In the summer of 1999, she released the albumWestern Wall: The Tucson Sessions, a folk-rock-oriented project with Emmylou Harris. It earned a nomination for the Grammy Award for the Best Contemporary Folk Album and made the Top 10 ofBillboard's Country Albums chart. Still in print as of December 2016, it has sold 223,255 copies perNielsen SoundScan.[citation needed]
Also in 1999, Ronstadt went back to her concert roots when she performed with the Eagles and Jackson Browne atStaples Center's 1999 New Year's Eve celebration kicking off the December 31 end-of-the-millennium festivities. As Staples Center Senior Vice President and general manager Bobby Goldwater said, "It was our goal to present a spectacular event as a sendoff to the 20th century", and "Eagles, Jackson Browne, and Linda Ronstadt are three of the most popular acts of the century. Their performances will constitute a singular and historic night of entertainment for New Year's Eve in Los Angeles."[148]
In 2000, Ronstadt completed her long contractual relationship with theElektra/Asylum label. The fulfillment of this contract commenced with the release ofA Merry Little Christmas, her first holiday collection, which includes rare choral works, the somber Joni Mitchell song "River", and a rare recorded duet with the lateRosemary Clooney on Clooney's signature song, "White Christmas".
Since leaving Warner Music, Ronstadt has gone on to release one album each underVerve andVanguard Records.
Your musical soul is like facets of a jewel, and you stick out one facet at a time ... (and) I tend to work real hard on whatever it is I do, to get it up to speed, up to a professional level. I tend to bury myself in one thing for years at a time.
In 2006, recording as the ZoZo Sisters, Ronstadt teamed with her new friend, musician and musical scholarAnn Savoy, to recordAdieu False Heart. It was an album of roots music incorporating pop, Cajun, and early-20th-century music and released on the Vanguard Records label. ButAdieu False Heart was a commercial failure, peaking at number 146 in the U.S. despite her touring for the final time that year. It was the last time Linda Ronstadt would record an album, having begun to lose her singing ability as a result of a degenerative condition later determined to be progressive supranuclear palsy, but initially diagnosed as Parkinson's disease, in December 2012.Adieu False Heart, recorded inLouisiana, features a cast of local musicians, including Chas Justus, Eric Frey and Kevin Wimmer ofthe Red Stick Ramblers, Sam Broussard ofthe Mamou Playboys,Dirk Powell, andJoel Savoy, as well as an array of Nashville musicians: fiddlerStuart Duncan, mandolinistSam Bush, and guitaristBryan Sutton. The recording earned two Grammy Award nominations:Best Traditional Folk Album andBest Engineered Album, Non-Classical.
In 2007, Ronstadt contributed to the compilation albumWe All Love Ella: Celebrating the First Lady of Song – a tribute album to jazz music's all-time most heralded artist – on the track "Miss Otis Regrets".[149]
In August 2007, Ronstadt headlined theNewport Folk Festival, making her debut at this event, where she incorporated jazz, rock, and folk music into her repertoire. It was one of her final concerts.
In 2010, Ronstadt contributed the arrangement and lead vocal to "A La Orilla de un Palmar" onthe Chieftains' studio albumSan Patricio (withRy Cooder). This remains her most recent commercially available recording as lead vocalist.
In 2011, Ronstadt was interviewed by theArizona Daily Star and announced her retirement.[48] In August 2013, she revealed toAlanna Nash, writing forAARP, that she hadParkinson's disease and could "no longer sing a note."[150] Her diagnosis was subsequently re-evaluated asprogressive supranuclear palsy.[25] Her memoirFeels Like Home: A Song for the Sonoran Borderlands was published in 2022.[151]
On April 10, 2014, Ronstadt was inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Fame.[152] In July 2019, Ronstadt was selected as aKennedy Center Honoree.[153] On May 7, 2022, during the International Mariachi Conference, the Tucson Music Hall at theTucson Convention Center was officially renamed as The Linda Ronstadt Music Hall.[154]
As of 2019, Ronstadt had earned three number-one pop albums, 10 top-ten pop albums, and 38 charting pop albums on theBillboard Pop Album Charts. She has 15 albums on theBillboard Top Country Albums chart, including four that hit number one. Ronstadt's singles have earned her a number-one hit and three number-two hits on theBillboard Hot 100 chart, with 10 top-ten pop singles and 21 reaching the Top 40. She has also scored two number-one hits on theBillboard Hot Country Songs chart, and two number-one hits on theBillboard Adult Contemporary chart.Rolling Stone wrote that a whole generation "but for her, might never have heard the work ofBuddy Holly,Chuck Berry, orElvis Costello."[87]
She has recorded and released over 30 studio albums and has made guest appearances on an estimated 120 albums by other artists. Her guest appearances included the classical minimalistPhilip Glass's albumSongs from Liquid Days, a hit classical record with other major pop stars either singing or writing lyrics (Ronstadt's two tracks on the album saw her singing lyrics written bySuzanne Vega andLaurie Anderson). She also appeared on Glass's follow-up recording1000 Airplanes on the Roof. She appeared onPaul Simon'sGraceland, where she sang a duet with Simon, "Under African Skies". In that song, there is a verse dedicated to Ronstadt, her voice and harmonies and her birth in Tucson, Arizona. She voiced herself inThe Simpsons episode "Mr. Plow" and sang a duet, "Funny How Time Slips Away", withHomer Simpson onThe Yellow Album.
Ronstadt has also appeared on albums by a vast range of artists including Emmylou Harris,the Chieftains,Dolly Parton, Neil Young,JD Souther,Gram Parsons,Bette Midler,Nitty Gritty Dirt Band,Earl Scruggs, the Eagles,Andrew Gold,Wendy Waldman,Hoyt Axton,Kate and Anna McGarrigle,Ann Savoy,Karla Bonoff,James Taylor, Jimmy Webb,Valerie Carter,Warren Zevon,Maria Muldaur,Randy Newman (specifically hismusical adaptation of Faust),Nicolette Larson,the Seldom Scene,Rosemary Clooney, Aaron Neville,Rodney Crowell,Hearts and Flowers,Laurie Lewis andFlaco Jiménez. As a singer-songwriter, Ronstadt has written songs covered by several artists, such as "Try Me Again", covered byTrisha Yearwood; and "Winter Light", which was co-written and composed with Zbigniew Preisner and Eric Kaz, and covered bySarah Brightman.
Her three biggest-selling studio albums to date are: her 1977 releaseSimple Dreams, 1983'sWhat's New, and 1989'sCry Like A Rainstorm, Howl Like The Wind. Each one has been certified by theRecording Industry Association of America for over three million copies sold. Her highest-selling album to date is the 1976 compilationGreatest Hits, certified for over seven million units sold as of 2001.[97] Ronstadt became music's first major touring female artist to sell out sizeable venues; she was also the top-grossing solo female concert artist for the 1970s.[42] She remained a highly successful touring artist into the 1990s, at which time she decided to scale back to smaller venues. In the 1970s,Cashbox magazine, a competitor ofBillboard during that time period, named Ronstadt the "No. 1 Female Artist of the Decade".[32] "Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time" includedHeart Like a Wheel (1974) at number 164 andThe Very Best Of Linda Ronstadt (2002) at number 324.[155] The 2012 revision kept only the compilation, but raised it to the place once occupied byHeart Like a Wheel.
Ronstadt's album sales have not been certified since 2001. At that time, Ronstadt's U.S. album sales were certified by the Recording Industry Association of America at over 30 million albums sold; however, Peter Asher, her former producer and manager, placed her total U.S. album sales at over 45 million.[52] Likewise, her worldwide albums sales are in excess of 100 million albums sold, according to the former president of Warner Bros. Records, Joe Smith, now a jury member of the Hit Parade Hall of Fame.[156] Her RIAA certification (audits paid for by record companies or artists for promotion) tally as of 2001 totaled 19 Gold, 14 Platinum and 7 Multi-Platinum albums.[97] She was the first female in music history to score three consecutive platinum albums and ultimately racked up a total of eight consecutive platinum albums.[50] Her albumLiving in the USA was the first album by any recording artist in U.S. music history to ship double platinum (over two million advanced copies).[42] Her first Latin release, the all-Spanish 1987 albumCanciones De Mi Padre, stands as the best-selling non-English-language album in American music history. As of 2013, it had sold over 21⁄2 million U.S. copies.
Ronstadt has served as producer on albums from various musicians that include her distant cousinDavid Lindley,Aaron Neville, and singer-songwriterJimmy Webb.[157] She producedCristal – Glass Music Through the Ages, an album of classical music using glass instruments withDennis James, where she sang on several of the arrangements.[158] In 1999, Ronstadt also produced the Grammy Award-winningTrio II. She has received a total of 27 Grammy Award nominations in various fields that include rock, country, pop andTropical Latin, and has won 11Grammy Awards in the categories of Pop, Country, Tropical Latin, Musical Album for Children and Mexican-American. In 2016, Ronstadt was again honored by theNational Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences with the Lifetime Achievement Grammy.
She was the first female solo artist to have two Top 5 singles simultaneously onBillboard magazine's Hot 100: "Blue Bayou" and "It's So Easy". By December of that year, both "Blue Bayou" and "It's So Easy" had climbed intoBillboard's Top 5 and remained there for the month's last four weeks.[159] In 1999, Ronstadt ranked number 21 inVH1's100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll. Three years later, she ranked number 40 inCMT's40 Greatest Women in Country Music. In 2023,Rolling Stone ranked Ronstadt at No. 47 on their list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.[160]
In the early 1970s, Ronstadt briefly dated fellow musicianJD Souther, who co-produced herDon't Cry Now album.[161] Beginning in the mid-1970s, Ronstadt's private life became increasingly public. It was fueled by a relationship with then-Governor of CaliforniaJerry Brown, aDemocraticpresidential candidate. They shared aNewsweek magazine cover in April 1979,[162] as well as the covers ofUs Weekly andPeople magazine.
In 1983, Ronstadt dated comedianJim Carrey for eight months.[163] From the end of 1983 to 1988, Ronstadt was engaged toStar Wars director and creatorGeorge Lucas.[164]
In December 1990, she adopted an infant daughter, Mary Clementine Ronstadt.[165] In 1994, she adopted a baby boy, Carlos Ronstadt.[166] Ronstadt has never married.[167] Speaking of finding an acceptable mate, in 1974 she toldPeter Knobler inCrawdaddy, "... he's real kind but isn't inspired musically and then you meet somebody else that's just so inspired musically that he just takes your breath away but he's such a moron, such a maniac that you can't get along with him. And then after that it's the problem of finding someone that can stand you!"[168]
In the late 1980s, after living in Los Angeles for 30 years, Ronstadt moved to San Francisco because she said she never felt at home in Southern California.[166] "Los Angeles became too enclosing an environment", she says. "I couldn't breathe the air and I didn't want to drive on the freeways to get to the studio. I also didn't want to embrace the values that have been so completely embraced by that city. Are you glamorous? Are you rich? Are you important? Do you have clout? It's just not me and it never was me."[57] In 1997, Ronstadt sold her home in San Francisco and moved back to her hometown of Tucson, Arizona, to raise her two children.[166] In more recent years, Ronstadt moved back to San Francisco while continuing to maintain her home in Tucson.[169]
In 2009, in honor of Ronstadt, theMartin Guitar Company made a 00–42 model "Linda Ronstadt Limited Edition" acoustic guitar. Ronstadt appointed theLand Institute as recipient of all proceeds from her signature guitar.[170]
In 2013,Simon & Schuster published her autobiography,[171][172]Simple Dreams: A Musical Memoir, as well as the Spanish version,Sueños Sencillos – Memorias Musicales.[173]
In August 2013, Ronstadt revealed she was diagnosed withParkinson's disease, leaving her unable to sing due to loss of muscular control, which is common to Parkinson's patients. She was diagnosed eight months prior to the announcement and had initially attributed the symptoms she had been experiencing to the aftereffects of shoulder surgery and a tick bite.[174][175] In late 2019, it was reported her doctors had revised their diagnosis toprogressive supranuclear palsy, a degenerative disease commonly mistaken for Parkinson's due to the similarity of the symptoms.[25]
Ronstadt describes herself as a "spiritualatheist".[176]
Ronstadt's politics received criticism and praise during and after her July 17, 2004, performance at theAladdin Theatre for the Performing Arts inLas Vegas. Toward the end of the show, as she had done across the country, Ronstadt spoke to the audience, praisingFahrenheit 9/11,Michael Moore's documentary film about theIraq War; she dedicated the song "Desperado" to Moore.[177] Accounts say the crowd's initial reaction was mixed, with "half the crowd heartily applauding her praise for Moore, (and) the other half booing."[177]
Following the concert, news accounts reported Ronstadt was "evicted" from the hotel premises.[178] Ronstadt's comments, as well as the reactions of some audience members and the hotel, became a topic of discussion nationwide. Aladdin casino president Bill Timmins and Michael Moore each made public statements about the controversy.[179]
The incident prompted international headlines and debate on an entertainer's right to express a political opinion from the stage and made the editorial section ofThe New York Times.[180] Following the incident, many friends of Ronstadt's, including the Eagles, immediately cancelled their engagements at the Aladdin.[58] Ronstadt also received telegrams of support from her rock 'n' roll friends around the world likethe Rolling Stones, the Eagles andElton John. Amid reports of mixed public response, Ronstadt continued her praise of Moore and his film throughout her 2004 and 2006 summer concerts across North America.
At a 2006 concert in Canada, Ronstadt told theCalgary Sun that she was "embarrassedGeorge Bush (was) from the United States. ... He's an idiot. ... He's enormously incompetent on both the domestic and international scenes. ... Now the fact that we were lied to about the reasons for entering into war against Iraq and thousands of people have died—it's just as immoral as racism." Her remarks drew international headlines. In an August 14, 2007, interview, she commented on all her well-publicized, outspoken views, in particular the Aladdin incident, by noting, "If I had it to do over I would be much more gracious to everyone ... you can be as outspoken as you want if you are very, very respectful. Show some grace".[181]
In 2007, Ronstadt resided in San Francisco while also maintaining her home inTucson.[182] That same year, she drew criticism and praise[183] from Tucsonans for commenting that local city council's failings, developers'strip mall mentality, greed and growing dust problem had rendered the city unrecognizable and poorly developed.[184]
In August 2009, Ronstadt, in a well-publicized interview toPlanetOut Inc. titled "Linda Ronstadt's Gay Mission", championed gay rights and same-sex marriage, and stated "homophobia is anti-family values. Period, end of story."[185]
On January 16, 2010, Ronstadt converged with thousands of other activists in a "National Day of Action". Ronstadt stated that her "dog in the fight" – as a native Arizonan and coming from a law enforcement family – was the treatment of illegal aliens and Arizona's enforcement of its illegal immigrant law, especially Maricopa County SheriffJoe Arpaio's efforts in that area.[186]
On April 29, 2010, Ronstadt began a campaign, including joining a lawsuit,[187] against Arizona's new illegal-immigration lawSB 1070 calling it a "devastating blow to law enforcement ... the police don't protect us in a democracy with brute force", something she said she learned from her brother, Peter, who was Chief of Police in Tucson.[188]
Ronstadt has also been outspoken on environmental and community issues. She is a major supporter and admirer of sustainable agriculture pioneerWes Jackson, saying in 2000, "the work he's doing right now is the most important work there is in the (United States)",[164] and dedicating the rock anthem "Desperado" to him at an August 2007 concert inKansas City, Kansas.[189]
Ronstadt endorsedKamala Harris for the 2024 US Presidential election.[190]
In the United States we spend millions of dollars on sports because it promotes teamwork, discipline, and the experience of learning to make great progress in small increments. Learning to play music together does all this and more.
In 2004, Ronstadt wrote theforeword to the bookThe NPR Curious Listener's Guide to American Folk Music,[192] and in 2005, she wrote the introduction to the bookClassic Ferrington Guitars, about guitar-maker andluthierDanny Ferrington and the custom guitars that he created for Ronstadt and other musicians such asElvis Costello,Ry Cooder, andKurt Cobain.[193]
Ronstadt has been honored for her contribution to the American arts. On September 23, 2007, she was inducted into the Arizona Music & Entertainment Hall of Fame, along withStevie Nicks,Buck Owens, and filmmakerSteven Spielberg.[194] On August 17, 2008, Ronstadt received a tribute by various artists, includingBeBe Winans andWynonna Judd, when she was honored with the Trailblazer Award, presented to her byPlácido Domingo at the 2008ALMA Awards,[195] a ceremony later televised in the U.S. onABC.
In 2008, Ronstadt was appointed artistic director of theSan José Mariachi and Mexican Heritage Festival.[196][197] On March 31, 2009, in testimony that theLos Angeles Times termed "remarkable",[198] Ronstadt spoke to theUnited States Congress House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Environment & Related Agencies, attempting to convince lawmakers to budget $200 million in the 2010 fiscal year for theNational Endowment of the Arts.[197]
In May 2009, Ronstadt received an honorary doctorate of music degree from theBerklee College of Music for her achievements and influence in music and her contributions to American and international culture.[199]Mix magazine stated that "Linda Ronstadt (has) left her mark on more than the record business; her devotion to the craft of singing influenced many audio professionals ... (and is) intensely knowledgeable about the mechanics of singing and the cultural contexts of every genre she passes".[59]
| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Lifetime Achievement Award | Won | [201] | |
| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program | Canciones de Mi Padre (Great Performances) | Won | [202] |
| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 | Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical | The Pirates of Penzance | Nominated |
| Year | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical | The Pirates of Penzance | Nominated |
Singer Linda Ronstadt quietly became a single parent earlier this year. She has adopted an infant girl and named her Mary Clementine Ronstadt.
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