Lincoln County, Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
 Lincoln County Courthouse | |
 Location within the U.S. state ofOklahoma | |
| Coordinates:35°42′N96°53′W / 35.7°N 96.88°W /35.7; -96.88 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Oklahoma |
| Founded | 1891 |
| Named after | Abraham Lincoln[1] |
| Seat | Chandler |
| Largest city | Chandler |
| Area | |
• Total | 966 sq mi (2,500 km2) |
| • Land | 952 sq mi (2,470 km2) |
| • Water | 13 sq mi (34 km2) 1.4% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 33,458 |
| • Density | 35/sq mi (14/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Congressional district | 3rd |
| Website | lincoln |
Lincoln County is acounty in eastern CentralOklahoma, United States. As of the2020 census, the population was 33,458.[2] Itscounty seat isChandler.[3] Lincoln County is part of theOklahoma City metropolitan area.[4] In 2010, thecenter of population of Oklahoma was in Lincoln County, near the town ofSparks.[5]
The United States purchased the large tract of land known as the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803.Washington Irving,Charles J. Latrobe, and CountAlbert de Pourtalès accompanied Henry L. Ellsworth and others on an expedition inIndian Territory that may have passed through the far northwestern corner of the future Lincoln County.[1]
TheOsage hunted on land that includes present-day Lincoln County until they ceded the area in an 1825 treaty to the federal government. The government then assigned the land to theCreek and theSeminoles after they were removed from the southeastern United States. FollowingQuapaw removal in 1834, several small groups of Quapaw dispersed throughout Indian Territory. There were absentee groups of Quapaw living along the Red River and in Creek, Choctaw and Cherokee territory. There is a "Quapaw Creek" in the southern half of Lincoln County which was a village site for one of these absentee groups of Quapaw.[6] After theCivil War in 1866, theCreek andSeminoles were forced to give up lands that included present-day Lincoln County in Reconstruction Treaties for siding with the Confederacy.[1]
The federal government then used the area to resettle theSac and Fox,Potawatomi,Kickapoo andIoway tribes. Established in 1870, the Sac and Fox agency, established on the eastern edge of the present-day county, was the first settlement in the area.[1]
In 1890, the Jerome Commission negotiated with the tribes of the area such that they agreed to allotment of their reservation lands, except for the Kickapoo. Indian lands were allotted to individual tribal members and the excess were opened to white settlement in theLand Run of 1891. A separate land run was held later that year for the townsite of the predesignated county seat, Chandler. Lincoln County was organized and designated as County A. In 1895, the Kickapoo agreed to allotment and the land was claimed by settlers during theLand Run of 1895.[1]
The voters chose the name Lincoln County for County A in honor of PresidentAbraham Lincoln, selecting it over the names Sac, Fox, and Springer.[1]
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 966 square miles (2,500 km2), of which 952 square miles (2,470 km2) is land and 13 square miles (34 km2) (1.4%) is water.[7] The county is drained by theDeep Fork of the Canadian River. The eastern part of the county lies in theCross Timbers and theSandstone Hills, while the western part is in theRed Bed Plains.[1]
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Interstate 44
U.S. Highway 62
U.S. Highway 177
U.S. Highway 377
State Highway 18
State Highway 66
State Highway 99
State Highway 102| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 27,007 | — | |
| 1910 | 34,779 | 28.8% | |
| 1920 | 33,406 | −3.9% | |
| 1930 | 33,738 | 1.0% | |
| 1940 | 29,529 | −12.5% | |
| 1950 | 22,102 | −25.2% | |
| 1960 | 18,783 | −15.0% | |
| 1970 | 19,482 | 3.7% | |
| 1980 | 26,601 | 36.5% | |
| 1990 | 29,216 | 9.8% | |
| 2000 | 32,080 | 9.8% | |
| 2010 | 34,273 | 6.8% | |
| 2020 | 33,458 | −2.4% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[8] 1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10] 1990-2000[11] 2010[12] | |||
As of the2020 census, the county had a population of 33,458. Of the residents, 24.0% were under the age of 18 and 19.1% were 65 years of age or older; the median age was 41.6 years. For every 100 females there were 99.5 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 97.4 males.[14][15]
The racial makeup of the county was 79.3% White, 1.8%Black or African American, 7.1%American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.4%Asian, 1.1% from some other race, and 10.3% fromtwo or more races.Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 3.4% of the population.[15]
There were 12,954 households in the county, of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 22.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[14]
There were 14,456 housing units, of which 10.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 77.8% were owner-occupied and 22.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5% and the rental vacancy rate was 9.7%.[14]
As of the2000 census, 32,080 people, 12,178 households, and 9,121 families resided in the county. The population density was 34 inhabitants per square mile (13/km2). There were 13,712 housing units at an average density of 14 units per square mile (5.4/km2). The county's racial makeup was 86.43%White, 2.46%Black orAfrican American, 6.57%Native American, 0.25%Asian, 0.02%Pacific Islander, 0.45% fromother races, and 3.82% from two or more races. 1.51% of the population wereHispanic orLatino of any race.[16]
There were 12,178 households, out of which 34.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.50% weremarried couples living together, 9.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.10% were non-families. 22.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.40% under the age of 18, 7.80% from 18 to 24, 26.70% from 25 to 44, 24.10% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.50 males.
The county's median household income was $31,187, and the median family income was $36,310. Males had a median income of $28,647 versus $20,099 for females. The county'sper capita income was $14,890. About 11.10% of families and 14.50% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 17.90% of those under age 18 and 12.10% of those age 65 or over.
| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of June 30, 2023[17] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Number of Voters | Percentage | |||
| Democratic | 4,241 | 20.82% | |||
| Republican | 13,058 | 64.11% | |||
| Unaffiliated | 3,068 | 15.06% | |||
| Total | 20,367 | 100% | |||
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 1908 | 3,503 | 49.44% | 3,030 | 42.76% | 553 | 7.80% |
| 1912 | 2,459 | 44.19% | 2,137 | 38.40% | 969 | 17.41% |
| 1916 | 2,387 | 41.69% | 2,258 | 39.43% | 1,081 | 18.88% |
| 1920 | 5,261 | 59.24% | 2,980 | 33.55% | 640 | 7.21% |
| 1924 | 4,220 | 51.20% | 3,283 | 39.83% | 739 | 8.97% |
| 1928 | 6,118 | 70.74% | 2,405 | 27.81% | 126 | 1.46% |
| 1932 | 3,505 | 31.45% | 7,641 | 68.55% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 5,452 | 47.80% | 5,903 | 51.75% | 52 | 0.46% |
| 1940 | 6,269 | 54.16% | 5,271 | 45.54% | 34 | 0.29% |
| 1944 | 4,801 | 54.94% | 3,910 | 44.74% | 28 | 0.32% |
| 1948 | 3,898 | 44.24% | 4,913 | 55.76% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 5,778 | 58.67% | 4,071 | 41.33% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 4,993 | 56.09% | 3,909 | 43.91% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 5,528 | 62.94% | 3,255 | 37.06% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1964 | 3,854 | 43.30% | 5,046 | 56.70% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 3,855 | 47.43% | 2,304 | 28.35% | 1,969 | 24.22% |
| 1972 | 6,512 | 74.98% | 1,919 | 22.10% | 254 | 2.92% |
| 1976 | 4,429 | 46.38% | 4,988 | 52.23% | 133 | 1.39% |
| 1980 | 6,064 | 63.27% | 3,231 | 33.71% | 290 | 3.03% |
| 1984 | 8,088 | 72.29% | 3,020 | 26.99% | 81 | 0.72% |
| 1988 | 6,409 | 59.67% | 4,225 | 39.34% | 106 | 0.99% |
| 1992 | 5,315 | 42.78% | 3,904 | 31.43% | 3,204 | 25.79% |
| 1996 | 5,243 | 47.14% | 4,332 | 38.95% | 1,547 | 13.91% |
| 2000 | 7,387 | 63.13% | 4,140 | 35.38% | 174 | 1.49% |
| 2004 | 10,149 | 71.52% | 4,041 | 28.48% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 2008 | 10,470 | 74.92% | 3,504 | 25.08% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 2012 | 9,553 | 74.48% | 3,273 | 25.52% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 2016 | 10,854 | 77.39% | 2,430 | 17.33% | 741 | 5.28% |
| 2020 | 12,013 | 80.69% | 2,609 | 17.52% | 266 | 1.79% |
| 2024 | 12,495 | 80.80% | 2,712 | 17.54% | 258 | 1.67% |
| Senators | Name | Party | First Elected | Level | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senate Class 1 | Markwayne Mullin | Republican | 2022 | Junior Senator | |
| Senate Class 2 | James Lankford | Republican | 2014 | Senior Senator | |
| Representatives | Name | Party | First Elected | ||
| District 3 | Frank Lucas | Republican | 1994 | ||
| District | Name | Party | First Elected | Hometown | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 | Zack Taylor[19] | Republican | 2020 | Seminole | |
| District | Name | Party | First Elected | Hometown | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32 | Kevin Wallace | Republican | 2014 | Wellston | |
The county economy has largely depended on agriculture. Cotton almost immediately became the dominant crop after white settlement. During the first decade of the twentieth century, Lincoln County was one of the top two counties producing cotton in Oklahoma. By the end of the Great Depression the economy had become more diversified. Oil furnished one-third of county tax revenue, and cattle raising and pecan growing became important income sources. By the turn of the 21st Century, the county economy had diversified and was based primarily on professional services, small businesses, and service industries.[1]
K-12 school districts include:[20]
Elementary school districts include:[20]
The following sites in Lincoln County are listed on theNational Register of Historic Places:
Places adjacent to Lincoln County, Oklahoma | |
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Municipalities and communities ofLincoln County, Oklahoma,United States | ||
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| Cities |  | |
| Towns | ||
| Unincorporated communities | ||
| Ghost towns | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
35°42′N96°53′W / 35.70°N 96.88°W /35.70; -96.88
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