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Liberalism in Latvia

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Part ofa series on
Liberalism

This article gives an overview ofliberalism inLatvia. It is limited toliberalparties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had a representation in theSaeima. The sign ⇒ denotes another party in that scheme. For inclusion in this scheme it isn't necessary so that parties labelled themselves as a liberal party.

Background

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Latvia was one of the early postWorld War I nations which adopted some ideas from the 1919Weimar Constitution. Germanliberal lawyerHugo Preuß (Preuss) is often attributed as the author of the draft version of the constitution that was passed by theWeimar National Assembly,[1] which historianWilliam L. Shirer in a bookThe Rise and Fall of the Third Reich regards as "the most liberal and democratic document of its kind the twentieth century had ever seen ... full of ingenious and admirable devices which seemed to guarantee the working of an almost flawless democracy."[2]

In Latvia some early law experts such as Kārlis Dišlers, Fēlikss Cielēns and modern dayjurists agree that Weimar Constitution was underlying the wording of theConstitution of Latvia (Satversme), and in some way is a synthesis between the Weimar Constitution andWestminster system used in theUnited Kingdom.[3][4]

History

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Liberalism in Latvia was a small but important force since 1922 in Latvia. The current regained position after the re-independence of 1990. The current major liberal party is the centre-rightUnity, which is also a member of the allianceNew Unity.

German Baltic Democratic Party

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  • 1918: Moderate German liberals in Latvia formed theGerman-Baltic Democratic Party (Deutsch-Baltische Demokratische Partei/Vācbaltu demokrātiskā partija)
  • 1934: The party is banned, along with all other political parties, after a coup byKārlis Ulmanis

German Baltic Progressive Party

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  • 1918: Radical German liberals in Latvia formed theGerman-Baltic Progressive Party (Deutsch-Baltische Fortschrittliche Partei/Vācbaltu progresīvā partija)
  • 1934: The party is banned

From Democratic Party to Democratic Centre

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  • 1922: Shortly after its foundation theDemocratic Party (Demokrātiskā partija) merged with the Radical Democratic Party (Radikālā Demokrātiskā partija) and the People's Party (Ļaužu partija) into theDemocratic Centre (Demokrātiskais centrs). The party is led by the later presidents of Latvia,Jānis Čakste andGustavs Zemgals.
  • 1934: The party is banned. In exile it is continued by the Liberal Party (Liberāļu partija)

Latgalian Democratic Party

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  • 1920: Latgalian liberals formed theLatgalian Democratic Party (Latgales demokrātu partija)
  • 1926: The party merged into theLatgalian Democratic Farmers Union (Latgales demokrātisko zemnieku savienība)

Mizrochi

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From Democratic Centre Party to Latvian Democratic Party

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Latvia's Way

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New Era Party to Unity

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For Latvia's Development

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Liberal leaders

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See also

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References

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  1. ^"The Weimar Constitution and its "Father" Hugo Preuss".The National Library of Israel. 23 February 2017. Retrieved2021-03-23.
  2. ^Shirer, William L. (1990).The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 56.ISBN 978-0-671-72868-7.
  3. ^Potjomkina, Diāna; Sprūds, Andris; Ščerbinskis, Valters (2016).The centenary of Latvias's foreign affairs: Ideas and personalities.ISBN 978-9984-583-99-0.OCLC 1012747806.
  4. ^Apsītis, Romāns; Pleps, Janis (2012)."About The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia: History and Modern Days"(PDF).The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia. Latvijas Vēstnesis.ISBN 978-9984-840-20-8.
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