Li Na | |
|---|---|
 Li Na in 1954 | |
| Born | (1940-08-03)3 August 1940 (age 85)[1] |
| Alma mater | Peking University |
| Spouses |
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| Children | 1 |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | Mao family |
Li Na (simplified Chinese:李讷;traditional Chinese:李訥;pinyin:Lǐ Nà, also pronouncedLi Ne,[note 1] born 3 August 1940) is the daughter ofMao Zedong and his fourth wifeJiang Qing, and their only child together. Hersurname is Li rather than Mao, because her father used the pseudonym "Li Desheng" (李德胜;李德勝) for a period of time during theChinese Civil War.
The names of Li Na and her sisterLi Min come from Book 4 of theAnalects ofConfucius: "ne yu yan ermin yu xing" (讷于言而敏于行, meaningslow in speech andearnest in conduct).[2][3]
Li Na was born at Central Hospital inYan'an on 3 August 1940.[4][5] In her childhood, she was fascinated by Russian as well as Classical Chinese literature. In 1949, Li moved toBeijing with her parents, and started third grade at Yuying Primary School. Four years later, in 1953, she was admitted to the Beijing Normal University Girls' High School (北京师范大学附属女子中学, now known asExperimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University).
Excelling in her studies, she majored in history atPeking University, graduating in 1966. Following her graduation she was assigned toPeople's Liberation Army Daily as a writer, under thepen name Xiao Li, during theCultural Revolution.
Subsequently, at the age of 27, she became its chief editor. On 13 January 1967, Li Na organized the "Revolutionary Rebel Commando " and posted a large-character poster of "Where is the People's Liberation Army News Going" to expose Hu Chi (the acting president ofXinhua News Agency and a member of theCultural Revolution Group within thePLA), Song Qiong, Yang Zicai and the other leaders about the direction of motion of the newspaper.[6]
On 17 January, MarshalLin Biao signed the "Letter to Revolutionary Comrades of the People's Liberation Army Newspaper", affirming that this action ignited a revolutionary flame within the newspaper. She successively served as the head of the military newspaper page groups ('Central Cultural Revolution Reporters' and 'Express'), and the leader of the editor-in-chief leading group ofLiberation Army Daily (equivalent to editor-in-chief).[6]
In January of the same year, due to her being the daughter of Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing, she took up the post of head of the Central Cultural Revolution Team. On 23 August 1967,Li Xiao's third big-character poster was published: "Repeatedly, anti-conservative, and vowed to carry the revolution to the end!" She was a member of the10th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in 1973, and the Party Chief of CCPPinggu County Committee and Deputy Secretary of CCP Beijing Committee from 1975 to 1994.[7]
On 9 September 1976, after years of ill health, Mao Zedong suffered a series of heart attacks and died at the age of 82. After his death, Jiang Qing was arrested and sent to the Qincheng Prison, where she was detained for five years. In the same year, after the end of Cultural Revolution, Li Na's political position was abolished. She was once laid off and was assigned to the Security Bureau dormitory by the Central Office.[8]
During the 1980s, the trial of Jiang Qing and other members ofGang of Four began and the trials weretelevised nationwide. During this time, Li Na visited her mother once every two weeks. By 1983, Jiang Qing's death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. In 1986, Li Na was assigned to work in the Secretariat of the General Office of theCCP Central Committee, and retired after the 1990s. On 14 May 1991, Jiang Qing committed suicide at the age of 77, by hanging herself in a bathroom of her hospital in Beijing, while on a medical parole.[9]
Since 2003, she has been a member of theChinese People's Political Consultative Conference.[10]
On 9 September 2006, on the 30th anniversary of Mao Zedong's death, she visited theMausoleum of Mao Zedong along with many of Mao Zedong's staff and descendants to participate in the commemoration. When Li Na finally left the memorial hall, she held the staff tightly and said with tears in her eyes, "Thank you for taking care of my dad for 30 years".[11]
On 21 May 2013, Li Na participated in the opening ceremony of the large-scale theme exhibition "Mao Zedong and China'sTwo Bombs, One Satellite", to commemorate the 120th anniversary of Mao Zedong's birth and the opening ceremony of the Hainan First Exhibition of "Hundred Generals and Famous Letters Praising Mao Zedong", which was held at theHainan Provincial Museum.[12]
On 31 October 2013, to commemorate the 120th anniversary of Mao Zedong's birth, a bronze tripod "Mao Gong Bao Ding" was unveiled in Beijing, along with a donation ceremony and symposium which was held. It was attended by Li Na and her husband.[13]
On 20 May 2015, Li Na visitedNorthern Shaanxi, the birthplace of theChinese Communist Revolution, to attend the ceremony honoring her father. The ceremony was also attended by many of those who fought and worked alongside Mao Zedong during the revolution.[14]
In 2023, following the2023 China floods, she donated ¥10000 to the people affected by the floods inHebei Province.[15]
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In 1970, she was sent to work at the May 7th School inJinxian County, Jiangxi, and during her time there, fell in love with Xiao Xu. Xiao was the waiter at the Beidaihe Guesthouse. To the consternation to her mother, but the approval of Mao, Li married Xiao and gave birth to a son, Xu Xiaoning. Mao even gave them a set of Selected Works of Marxism. However, a rift subsequently developed in their marriage, and it ended in divorce.
In 1984, she was remarried to Wang Jingqing, a bodyguard to Mao Zedong and Chief of Staff of theNujiang Army Division ofKunming Military Region. As a result of her marriage to Wang, Xu Xiaoning changed his name toWang Xiaozhi. Xu himself is married and has two children. Wang Jingqing died on 1 March 2021, at the age of 94, from an illness.[16]
Media related toLi Ne at Wikimedia Commons