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Leszko I

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Not to be confused withLeszek the White.
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Illustration fromSarmatiae Europeae descriptio (1581).

Przemysław (Premislaus), after coronationLeszko I (Lesko,Latin:Lescus), was a legendary ruler ofPoland, agoldsmith by trade and soldier who strategically defeated theHungarians and thus was crowned. He was mentioned by BishopWincenty Kadłubek (1161–1223) in theChronica seu originale regum et principum Poloniae (1190–1208). 18th-century historiography dated him to 750 AD,[1] 760–780,[2] or between 750 and 776.[3]James Anderson (1680–1739) claimed he ruled for 20 years.[2]

Story

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A goldsmith and soldier, he assembled his friends to attack the powerful Hungarians (and Moravians[1]). He made helmets and breastplates out of tree bark, and enameled them, put them on poles to illude soldiers; the Hungarians supposed they were enemies, and marched towards them. Finding only forests, the Hungarians were surrounded by Premislaus' troops who attacked from all sides. The Hungarians were unable to distinguish the real soldiers from the imaginary, and fled in fear. The captives were slaughtered, and Poland secured freedom. Premislaus took the nameLesko I and ruled peacefully. He died without issue, leaving Poland once again in conflict.

Legacy

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APrimislav, wearing a helmet made of oak, was used in Ragusan writerIvan Gundulić's epicOsman (1589–1638); influenced by the Polish legend.[4]

References

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  1. ^abThe modern part of An universal history, from the earliest accounts to the present time. C. Bathurst, J. F. and C. Rivington, A. Hamilton, T. Payne, T. Longman, S. Crowder, B. Law, T. Becket, J. Robson, F. Newbery, G. Robinson, T. Cadell, J. and T. Bowles, S. Bladon, J. Murray, and W. Fox. 1783. pp. 331–.
  2. ^abJames Anderson (1732).Royal Genealogies, Or the Genealogical Tables of Emperors, Kings and Princes. Bettenham. pp. 406–.
  3. ^Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf; Jodocus CRULL (1711).An introduction to the history of the principal kingdoms and states of Europe ... Made English from the original High-Dutch. The seventh edition corrected and improved. With an appendix never printed before, containing an introduction to the history of the ... states of Italy, etc. [The dedicatory epistle signed by the translator, J. Crull.]. Dan. Midwinter; Maurice Atkins. pp. 304–.
  4. ^Zdenko Zlatar (1995).The Slavic Epic: Gundulić's Osman. Peter Lang Pub Incorporated.ISBN 978-0-8204-2380-7.

Sources

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Further reading

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Polish legendary rulers
These rulers supposedly ruled in the Early Middle Ages.
Legendary
Proto-historic (before 966)
Piast dynasty (966–1138)
Fragmentation
period
(1138–1320)
Přemyslid dynasty (1296–1306)
RestoredPiast dynasty (1320–1370)
Capet-Anjou dynasty (1370-1399)
Jagiellonian dynasty (1386–1572)
Elective monarchy (1572–1795)
Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815)
Romanov dynasty (1815–1917)
Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)
  • Italics indicates monarch of questioned historicity
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