Lenine Raion Yedi Quyu rayonı | |
|---|---|
 Kazantyp, Lenine Raion | |
.svg) Flag _gerb.png) Seal | |
 Location within Crimea | |
| Country |  Ukraine (occupied by Russia) |
| Republic | Crimea |
| Established | January 1921 |
| Disestablished by Ukraine | July 2020 |
| Capital | Lenine |
| Subdivisions | List
|
| Area | |
• Total | 2,919 km2 (1,127 sq mi) |
| Population (2014) | |
• Total | 61,143 |
| • Density | 20.95/km2 (54.25/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Dialing code | +380-6557 |
Lenine Raion (Ukrainian:Ленінський район,Russian:Ленинский район) orYedy-Kuiu Raion (Ukrainian:Єдикуйський район,romanized: Yedykuiskyi raion,Crimean Tatar:Yedi Quyu rayonı) was one of the twenty-five districts of theAutonomous Republic of Crimea inUkraine until its abolition in 2020. It continues to be used by the Russian administration known as theRepublic of Crimea, as Russia has occupied Crimea since 2014.
Theadministrative centre of Lenine Raion is theurban-type settlement ofLenine, which is also known as Yedy-Kuiu. Population:61,143 (2014 Census).[1]
It is located in the eastern part of the peninsula. Populated places in the raion include:Shcholkine,Cheliadinove,Ohonky,Kostyrine,Naberezhne,Frontove,Yehorove, andZavitne.[citation needed]
The raion was formed in January 1921 asPetrovsky Raion. In July the same year, it was renamedKerch Raion, with its center inKerch. In October 1921, it was reorganized intoKerch Okrug of theCrimean Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic. It took on several forms throughout the following decade, eventually stably ending up asLenine Raion, with its center inLenine. In 1939, 12,945 people lived in Lenine Raion, and 17,599 people lived in Mayak-Salyn Raion, which would later become part of Lenine Raion. Both raions had multi-ethnic populations.[2]
In 1941, the Soviet authorities deported all ethnicGermans from both Lenine Raion and Mayak-Salyn Raion. DuringWorld War II, the raion was occupied two times byNazi Germany: first in November–December 1941 and second in May 1942–April 1944. The Nazis committed atrocities and human rights abuses against prisoners of war and the civilian population during this time. By the end of the fighting in Crimea, the populations of Lenine and Mayak-Salyn Raions had dropped to 12,945 and 17,599 people, respectively.[2]
In May 1944, theCrimean Tatars - theindigenous peoples of the peninsula - weredeported from Crimea by the Soviet authorities in a campaign ofethnic cleansing. In June the same year, other ethnicities were deported as well. Localities with indigenous Crimean Tatar names were renamed, to remove traces of the original inhabitants. In 1945, the Crimean ASSR was transformed into theCrimean Oblast of theRussian SFSR.[2]
In 1954, the Crimean Oblast wasinternally transferred to theUkrainian SSR. In 1962, Mayak-Salyn Raion was merged into Lenine Raion. In 1991,Ukraine became independent from the Soviet Union, causing a dispute over the status of Crimea within Ukraine. Lenine Raion became part of an interim polity known as theRepublic of Crimea, as specifics were worked out. Eventually, the legal status was resolved, and Lenine Raion became part of theAutonomous Republic of Crimea within Ukraine in 1998.[2]
In March 2014,Russia unilaterally and illegallyannexed Crimea from Ukraine, and began using Lenine Raion as a subdivision of its self-proclaimedRepublic of Crimea.[2]
In 2016, Lenine Raion was renamed toYedy Kuiu Raion by the Ukrainian government, in parallel with the renaming ofLenine toYedy Kuiu. Yedy Kuiu, or in theCrimean Tatar language,Yedi Quyu, is the original native name of the town in the language of its indigenous population, the Crimean Tatars. Several other localities in the raion were also officially renamed to their indigenous names in the same reforms.[2] However, the Russian occupation administration continues to use the communist names imposed in Soviet times.[citation needed]
In July 2020, Ukraine conducted anadministrative reform throughout its de jure territory. This included Crimea. Among other changes, Yedi Kuiu Raion was abolished, and its territories merged intoKerch Raion; though, this has not yet been implemented due to the ongoing Russian occupation.[3]
As of the2001 Ukrainian census, the raion had a population of 69,653 people. It had a slim majority of ethnicRussians (54.8%), with significant minorities ofUkrainians (22.9%),Crimean Tatars (15.5%), andBelarusians (1.3%). There were also small minorities ofArmenians,Moldovans,Uzbeks,Greeks, andGermans.[2]
As of 2014, the raion had a population of 61,143 people.[1] The population of the district speaks 86%Russian, 9%Ukrainian, and 5% other languages.[citation needed]
45°17′51″N35°46′26″E / 45.29750°N 35.77389°E /45.29750; 35.77389
