| Leader of Fianna Fáil | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Type | Party leader |
| Inaugural holder | Éamon de Valera |
| Formation | 23 March 1926 |
| Deputy | Jack Chambers |
| Website | Micheál Martin, TD |
Theleader of Fianna Fáil is the most senior politician within theFianna Fáil political party in Ireland. Since26 January 2011, the office has been held byMicheál Martin, following the resignation ofBrian Cowen as leader of the party four days earlier.
The post of leader of Fianna Fáil was officially created in 1926 whenÉamon de Valera founded the party. De Valera had previously been leader ofSinn Féin and took theAnti-Treaty side during theCivil War. The new party essentially absorbed most of Sinn Féin's parliamentary talent; most Sinn FéinTDs who had become disillusioned with the party's abstentionist policy fromDáil Éireann and wanted to republicanise theIrish Free State from within.
Like other Irish political parties, most notablyFine Gael, the leader of Fianna Fáil has the power to dismiss or appoint their deputy and to dismiss or appoint parliamentary party members to front bench positions.
When Fianna Fáil is in opposition the leader usually acts as theLeader of the Opposition, and chairs the opposition front bench. Concordantly, when the party is in government, the leader would usually becomeTaoiseach, as well as appointing thecabinet.
All eight leaders of Fianna Fáil have served as head of government. Éamon de Valera became the first, when he was electedPresident of the Executive Council in 1932. He became Taoiseach with the adoption ofthe current Constitution in 1937. He remained as leader of Fianna Fáil until 1959, when he retired after serving 21 years as head of government over three separate stints and after leading the party to eight general election triumphs.Seán Lemass was the unanimous choice to succeed de Valera as leader of Fianna Fáil and Taoiseach that year. He served seven years in both roles before handing over toJack Lynch in 1966, following the firstcontested leadership election in the history of the party. Lynch served as party leader for thirteen years until 1979, nine of which were spent as Taoiseach. His resignation sparked anotherleadership election, which sawCharles Haughey emerge as Taoiseach and leader of a deeply divided party. His thirteen-year period in charge saw many heaves against his leadership from within the party, with the final challenge hastening his resignation in 1992.
That year, three candidates expressed an interest in seeking the leadership; however,Albert Reynolds was the overwhelming favourite in the subsequentleadership election and was elected Taoiseach and party leader. After just over two years in office, Reynolds was forced to resign in 1994. His successor wasBertie Ahern who, after being theunopposed candidate for the position of leader, was forced into opposition. Ahern went on to become the most popular leader of Fianna Fáil in the modern era, guiding the party to three successive election wins and serving almost eleven consecutive years as Taoiseach. His resignation in 2008 sawBrian Cowen take on the dual roles of Taoiseach and party leader, following anunopposed election.[1] Cowen's tenure was characterised by a downturn in the economy, and he was effectively forced to resign as party leader in 2011 while remaining as Taoiseach. Four candidates put their names forward in the subsequentleadership election, with formerForeign MinisterMicheál Martin becoming the eighth leader of the party.[2]
Micheál Martin first served as Leader of the Opposition from 2011 until 2020. He led the party into two elections before being elected Taoiseach of a three party coalition government between Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael and the Green Party following the 2020 general election where no party won an outright majority. He served as Taoiseach until 17 December 2022, where the positions of Taoiseach and Tánaiste rotated as part of an agreed cabinet reshuffle where he became Tánaiste while Leo Varadkar, leader of Fine Gael, succeeded him as Taoiseach.[3] Martin again became Taoiseach on 23 January 2025 following the2024 general election, and an agreement between Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael and several independent TDs.
| No. | Name | Portrait | Constituency | Term of Office | Taoiseach[4] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Éamon de Valera |  | Clare | 23 March 1926 | 23 June 1959 | W. T. Cosgrave (1922–1932)[4] | ||
| Éamon de Valera (1932–1948)[4] | ||||||||
| John A. Costello (1948–1951) | ||||||||
| Éamon de Valera (1951–1954) | ||||||||
| John A. Costello (1954–1957) | ||||||||
| Éamon de Valera (1957–1959) | ||||||||
| 2 | Seán Lemass |  | Dublin South-Central | 23 June 1959 (leadership election) | 10 November 1966 | Seán Lemass (1959–1966) | ||
| 3 | Jack Lynch | .jpg) | Cork Borough(1948–69) Cork City North-West(1969–77) Cork City(1977–81) | 10 November 1966 (leadership election) | 7 December 1979 | Jack Lynch (1966–1973) | ||
| Liam Cosgrave (1973–1977) | ||||||||
| Jack Lynch (1977–1979) | ||||||||
| 4 | Charles Haughey | .png) | Dublin North-East(1957–77) Dublin Artane(1977–81) Dublin North-Central(1981–92) | 7 December 1979 (leadership election) | 6 February 1992 | Charles Haughey (1979–1981) | ||
| Garret FitzGerald (1981–1982) | ||||||||
| Charles Haughey (1982) | ||||||||
| Garret FitzGerald (1982–1987) | ||||||||
| Charles Haughey (1987–1992) | ||||||||
| 5 | Albert Reynolds | .jpg) | Longford–Westmeath | 6 February 1992 (leadership election) | 19 December 1994 | Albert Reynolds (1992–1994) | ||
| 6 | Bertie Ahern | .jpg) | Dublin Central | 19 December 1994 (leadership election) | 7 May 2008 | John Bruton (1994–1997) | ||
| Bertie Ahern (1997–2008) | ||||||||
| 7 | Brian Cowen | .jpg) | Laois–Offaly | 7 May 2008 (leadership election) | 22 January 2011 | Brian Cowen (2008–2011) | ||
| 8 | Micheál Martin | .jpg) | Cork South-Central | 26 January 2011 (leadership election) | Incumbent | |||
| Enda Kenny (2011–2017) | ||||||||
| Leo Varadkar (2017–2020) | ||||||||
| Micheál Martin (2020–2022) | ||||||||
| Leo Varadkar (2022–2024) | ||||||||
| Simon Harris (2024–2025) | ||||||||
| Micheál Martin (2025–present) | ||||||||
The deputy leader of Fianna Fáil is usually a senior politician within Fianna Fáil. Like other political party leaders, the leader of Fianna Fáil has the power to appoint or dismiss their deputy. The position is not an elected one and is largely honorific.
The office ofTánaiste has been held by senior politicians in the main governing party. Previous Fianna Fáil deputy leaders, includingBrian Cowen andMary Coughlan, held this post from 2007 to 2011. However, the deputy leader is essentially a party official and there is no constitutional link between the two roles.
Fianna Fáil did not have a deputy leader from the reshuffle in 2012 until the reshuffle in 2018. Following the resignation ofDara Calleary in August 2020, the position of deputy leader remained vacant untilJack Chambers was appointed in June 2024.[5]
| Name | Portrait | Constituency | Term of Office | Office(s) held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joseph Brennan |  | Donegal–Leitrim | 1973 | 5 July 1977 | |
| George Colley | .jpg) | Dublin Central | 5 July 1977 | 1982 | |
| Ray MacSharry | .jpg) | Sligo–Leitrim | 1982 | 1983 | |
| Brian Lenihan Snr | .jpg) | Dublin West | 1983 | 1990 | |
| John Wilson | .png) | Cavan | 1990 | 1992 | |
| Bertie Ahern |  | Dublin Central | 1992 | 1994 | |
| Mary O'Rourke |  | Longford–Westmeath | 16 January 1995 | 28 July 2002 | Minister for Public Enterprise |
| Brian Cowen |  | Laois–Offaly | 28 July 2002 | 7 May 2008 | |
| Mary Coughlan |  | Donegal South-West | 7 May 2008 | 31 January 2011 | |
| Mary Hanafin |  | Dún Laoghaire | 31 January 2011 | 15 March 2011 | |
| Brian Lenihan Jnr | .jpg) | Dublin West | 15 March 2011 | 10 June 2011 | |
| Éamon Ó Cuív |  | Galway West | 4 August 2011 | 29 February 2012 | |
| Dara Calleary | .jpg) | Mayo | 29 March 2018 | 24 August 2020 | |
| Jack Chambers | .jpg) | Dublin West | 19 June 2024 | Incumbent | |
| Rank | Leader | Time in office |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Éamon de Valera | 33 years, 92 days |
| 2 | Micheál Martin | 14 years, 305 days |
| 3 | Bertie Ahern | 13 years, 140 days |
| 4 | Jack Lynch | 13 years, 27 days |
| 5 | Charles Haughey | 12 years, 61 days |
| 6 | Seán Lemass | 6 years, 193 days |
| 7 | Albert Reynolds | 2 years, 316 days |
| 8 | Brian Cowen | 2 years, 260 days |