Laukkai | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Laukkai | |
  Laukkai Location in Myanmar | |
| Coordinates:23°41′41″N98°45′52″E / 23.69472°N 98.76444°E /23.69472; 98.76444 | |
| Country |  Myanmar |
| State |  Shan State |
| District | Kokang Self-Administered Zone |
| Township | Laukkaing Township |
| Elevation | 3,200 ft (1,000 m) |
| Population (2014) | 23,435 |
| • Religions | Buddhism |
| Time zone | UTC+6.30 (MST) |
Laukkai (also known asLaukkaing,Laogai orLaokai;Burmese:လောက်ကိုင်မြို့;Chinese:老街;pinyin:Lǎojiē) is the capital[1][2] ofKokang Self-Administered Zone in the northern part ofShan State, Myanmar. It is located east of theSalween River, which forms part of Myanmar'sborder with the People's Republic of China at its upper reaches. It is about 10 miles (16 km) away fromNansan (Chinese characters: 南傘), China.[3] In Laukkai,Southwestern Mandarin and Chinese characters are widely used, and the Chineserenminbi is in circulation.[4] It is the main town ofLaukkaing Township of theKokang Self-Administered Zone. It is 117 miles (188 km) fromLashio and 42 miles (68 km) fromKongyan. Its population is 23,435.[5] Laukkai is notorious for its gambling, prostitution, human trafficking and online scams.[6][7]
Its annual rainfall is over 40 inches (1,000 mm).[8]
It was a center of fighting in the August 2009Kokang incident;[9] on 24 August, it was occupied by troops of theTatmadaw, Burma'smilitary junta, led by Sr. Gen.Min Aung Hlaing.[1]
Following the seizure of Laukkai from ethnic armies in 2009, the military installed a pro-junta militia. The militia subsequently grew rich off the production of drugs, and off gambling and prostitution to Chinese tourists. This gave rise to onlinescam compounds run by trafficked people mainly from China.The Strait Times reported in 2023 that around 40 scam compounds could be operating around Laukkai.[6]
On 17 February 2015, Myanmar presidentThein Sein declared a state of emergency three-month period of martial law in Kokang in response to fighting between government troops and the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army, a rebel group.[10] The curfew was extended on 9 September 2019.[11]
On 6 March 2017, members of theMyanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) raided the Fully Light, Kyinfu, and Kyin Kyan casinos in Laukkai. The three casinos were owned by the rival Kokang Border Guard Force. The raid resulted in the death of one person, and the capture of tens of millions of dollars.[12]
In the early hours of 20 October 2023, arescue attempt [zh] for the hundreds of people forced to work at the Crouching Tiger villa of syndicate leader Ming Xuechang went awry, with Chinese media reporting that multiple Chinese citizens were shot and killed by guards while attempting to escape the compound. This incident has since been credited with forcing China to allow anti-junta forces to beginOperation 1027.[13][14][15]
On 27 October 2023, theThree Brotherhood Alliance launched anew offensive against the Tatmadaw in northern Shan State. The offensive saw the MNDAA make gains in the Kokang, with the goal of recapturing Laukkai since its loss in 2009. On 11 and 12 November, the MNDAA started shelling Laukkai,[7] and eventually ended up surrounding the city on 14 November.[6] On 12 November, all 127 members of Light Infantry Battalion 129 surrendered to the MNDAA with their families near Laukkai inKonkyan.[16]
Due to Laukkai's position as a major area for scams, the MNDAA said that it would hand over any captured scam bosses to China.[6] The MNDAA also issued orders to its forces to protect foreigners, rescue kidnapped victims, and to protect Chinese businesses and the China-Myanmar pipeline project.[17]
Since the MNDAA began closing in onto Laukkai, the city has seen a mass exodus.[7] In late November, the MNDAA opened a humanitarian corridor for migrant workers in Laukkai to flee to Lashio through Laukkaing and Kunlong townships, and Wa state. The corridor was however not used for ethnic Kokang people. Many Kokangs fled towards the Chinese border, but had tear gas fired on them by the Chinese authorities.[18]
On 6 December, the MNDAA captured the strategic Four Buddhist Statues Hill after three days of fighting against the Tatmadaw. The pagoda is located on a hill overlooking Laukkai and was the junta's last outpost before Laukkai.[19][20]
On 15 December, a temporary ceasefire was mediated by China between the Tatmadaw and the MNDAA in Kunming. China also issued arrest warrants for key members of the main families in Laukkai on 10 December, alleging that they were the ringleaders of telecom and online scams. This included the region's former chairman,Bai Suocheng.[21] The ceasefire ended on 18 December after the junta launched airstrikes on a base controlled by the MNDAA.[22] Following this, the MNDAA captured the Yanlonkyaing border gate on the Chinese border north of Laukkai on 19 December.[23][24][25]
On 28 December it was reported that "most" of Laukkai was now under MNDAA control, with junta forces largely abandoning the city.[26] The MNDAA gained full control of Laukkai following a mass surrender of the last junta forces in the city on 5 January 2024.[27][28]
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=http%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(April 2024) |
On April 24, 2024, ten men (ranging in age from 19 to 38) were convicted in three separate cases. The charges ranged from selling stolen weapons to SAC forces and extortion to human trafficking and murder. 70% of the defendants were MNDAA fighters. Afterwards, three defendants were quickly led into the forest and executed.[29][30]
Ming Xuechang ran one of the most notorious of these scam centres, called Crouching Tiger Villa. He also reportedly ran the local police force...
The Brotherhood Alliance timed their attack carefully, right after an incident in Laukkaing which snapped China's patience with the junta.
| Bangladesh | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China |
| ||||||
| India |
| ||||||
| Laos | |||||||
| Thailand | |||||||
