Larry Martin Hagman (September 21, 1931 – November 23, 2012) was an American film and television actor, director, and producer, best known for playing ruthless oil baronJ. R. Ewing in the 1978–1991primetime televisionsoap operaDallas, and the befuddled astronaut Major Anthony Nelson in the 1965–1970 sitcomI Dream of Jeannie. Hagman had supporting roles in numerous films, includingFail-Safe,Harry and Tonto,S.O.B.,Nixon, andPrimary Colors. His television appearances also included guest roles on dozens of shows spanning from the late 1950s until his death, and a reprise of his signature role on the2012 revival ofDallas. Hagman also worked as a televisionproducer anddirector. He was the son of actressMary Martin. Hagman underwent a life-savingliver transplant in 1995. He died on November 23, 2012, from complications ofacute myeloid leukemia.[1][2]
Hagman was born on September 21, 1931, inFort Worth, Texas.[3] His mother,Mary Martin, became aBroadway actress and musical comedy star after his birth. His father, Benjamin Jackson Hagman, who was of Swedish descent, was an accountant and lawyer who worked as a district attorney.[4][5][6] Hagman's parents divorced in 1936 when he was five years old. He lived with his maternal grandmother, Juanita Presley Martin, in Texas and California, while his mother became a contract player withParamount in 1938. In 1940, Hagman's mother met and married Richard Halliday before giving birth to a daughter, Heller, the following year.[7] Hagman attended a strict academy,Black-Foxe Military Institute, and brieflyWoodstock Country School, a boarding school inVermont.[8]
When his mother moved to New York City to resume her Broadway career, Hagman again lived with his grandmother in California.[9] A few years later, his grandmother died, so Hagman joined his mother in New York City. In 1946, Hagman moved back to his hometown ofWeatherford, and attendedWeatherford High School, from which he graduated. One summer, he worked for oilfield-equipment maker Antelope Tool Company. Although his father wanted Hagman to become a lawyer and join his practice,[9] he was drawn to drama classes and reportedly fell in love with the stage. He graduated from high school in 1949, and decided to pursue acting.[9] He attendedBard College, New York, majoring in dance and drama, but dropped out after one year.[10]
Hagman began his career in 1950 acting in productions at Margaret Webster's school at the Woodstock Playhouse inWoodstock, New York.[11] That summer, during a break from his one year at Bard College, he worked in Dallas as aproduction assistant and acting in small roles inMargo Jones's theater company. He appeared inThe Taming of the Shrew in New York City, followed by numerous tent show musicals with St. John Terrell's Music Circus inSt. Petersburg, Florida andLambertville, New Jersey. In 1951, Hagman appeared in the London production ofSouth Pacific with his mother and stayed in the show for nearly a year. In 1952, Hagman received his draft notice and enlisted in theUnited States Air Force.[12]
Stationed in London, he spent the majority of his military service entertaining U.S. troops in the United Kingdom and at bases in Europe.[13] After leaving the Air Force in 1956, Hagman returned to New York City, where he appeared in theoff-Broadway playOnce Around the Block, byWilliam Saroyan. That was followed by nearly a year in another off-Broadway play, James Lee'sCareer. His Broadway debut occurred in 1958 inComes a Day. Hagman appeared in four other Broadway plays,God and Kate Murphy,The Nervous Set,The Warm Peninsula andThe Beauty Part.[14] During this period, he also appeared in numerous, mostly live, television programs.
Hagman's first television role was as Kenneth Davidson in the 1957 episode "Saturday Lost" of thesyndicatedcrime drama,Decoy, starringBeverly Garland as the first female police officer in a television lead. In 1958, he joinedBarbara Bain as a guest star in the short-lived adventure-drama seriesHarbormaster and appeared three times onLloyd Bridges' syndicated adventure series,Sea Hunt. In 1960, he was cast in the CBS summer medical seriesDiagnosis: Unknown in the role of Don Harding in the episode, "The Case of the Radiant Wine". In 1961, Hagman joined the cast of daytime soap operaThe Edge of Night as Ed Gibson and stayed in that role for two years. In 1963 and 1964, he appeared twice in segments of the CBSlegal drama,The Defenders[15]
In 1965, Hagman was cast as"genie"Barbara Eden's master and eventual love interest, Air Force Captain (later Major) Anthony Nelson, in theNBC situation comedyI Dream of Jeannie, which ran for five seasons from 1965 to 1970.[16] The show entered the top 30 in its first year and was NBC's answer to the successful 1960s magicalcomedies,Bewitched on ABC andMy Favorite Martian on CBS. Two reunion movies were later made, both televised on NBC:I Dream of Jeannie... Fifteen Years Later (1985) andI Still Dream of Jeannie (1991), but Hagman did not appear in either of them. At Dragon Con, in 2010, Hagman said he was never approached about it.[17]
In 1999, after 29 years, Hagman agreed to reunite withJeannie co-starsBarbara Eden andBill Daily and creator/producerSidney Sheldon onThe Donny and Marie Show. In 2002, whenI Dream of Jeannie was set to join the cable channelTV Land, Hagman once again took part in a reunion with Eden and Daily, this time onLarry King Live. On theTV Land Awards in March 2004, Hagman and Eden were the first presenters to reunite on stage. The following October, Hagman and Daily appeared at the Ray Courts Hollywood Autograph Show. And the following year, 2005, brought all three surviving stars fromI Dream of Jeannie to the first cast reunion at the Chiller Expo Show.[18]
Hagman and Eden reunited in March 2006 for a publicity tour inNew York City to promote the first-season DVD ofI Dream of Jeannie. He reunited once again with Eden on stage in the playLove Letters at theCollege of Staten Island in New York and theUnited States Military Academy,West Point, New York. The appearance marked the first time the two performers had acted together since Eden appeared with Hagman in a five-episode arc onDallas in 1990.[19][20]
In 1978, Hagman was offered two roles on two television series that were debuting. One was forThe Waverly Wonders and the other forDallas, in the role of conniving elder son and businessman J.R. Ewing. When Hagman read theDallas script at his wife's suggestion, they both concluded it was perfect for him. Hagman based his portrayal in part on Jess Hall Jr., the owner of Antelope Tool and Supply Company, where Hagman had worked as a young man.[9]
Dallas became a worldwide success, airing in 90 countries, most notably the United Kingdom,[21] where it was even enjoyed by members of thatcountry's royal family,[22] and led to several successful primetime spin-offs.[23] Hagman became one of the best-known television stars of the era. Producers were keen to capitalize on that love/hate family relationship of J.R., building anticipation to a fever pitch in "A House Divided", the 1980 cliffhanger season finale in which J.R. is shot by an unknown assailant, leading to the world-wide "Who shot J.R.?" phenomenon.[24]
At the beginning of the fourth season[25] later that year, audience and actors were trying to guess "Who shot J.R.?", now one of fictional TV's most famous questions. During the media buildup, Hagman was involved in contract negotiations, delaying his return in the fourth season. Hagman held out for a higher salary. Producers were faced with a dilemma of whether to pay the greatly increased salary or to write J.R. out of the program.Lorimar Productions, the makers of the series, began shooting different scenes ofDallas that did not include Hagman. In the midst of negotiations, Hagman took his family to London for their July vacation.[9] He continued to fight for his demands and network executives conceded that they wanted J.R. to remain onDallas. Hagman did not appear in the first episode of the new season until the final few minutes. From then on, Hagman became one of the highest-paid stars in television. At the beginning of the 1980–81 season, writers were told to keep the storylines away from the actors until they really found out who actually shot J.R. and three weeks passed until the culprit was revealed on November 21, 1980, in a ratings record-breaking episode.
For his performance as J.R. Ewing, Hagman was nominated for twoEmmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series in 1980 and 1981, but did not win. He was also nominated for fourGolden Globe Awards, between 1981 and 1985. He was nominated for aSoap Opera Digest award seven times for Outstanding Villain on a Prime Time Serial, Outstanding Actor in a Leading Role on a Prime Time Serial, Favorite Super Couple: Prime Time and Outstanding Actor in a Comic Relief Role on a Prime Time Serial and won five times. Hagman received the Golden Plate Award of theAmerican Academy of Achievement from Academy memberRay Lee Hunt at the 1981 Achievement Summit in Dallas.[26] In 1984, co-starBarbara Bel Geddes leftDallas, following a contract dispute that had resulted from her March 1983quadruple heart bypass surgery. At one point, Hagman suggested to his real-life mother Mary Martin that she play Miss Ellie, but she rejected the suggestion and Bel Geddes was briefly replaced byDonna Reed for the 1984–1985 season, before Bel Geddes returned in better health for the 1985–1986 season. By the end of its 14th season in 1991, ratings had slipped to the extent that CBS decided to endDallas. Hagman was the only actor to appear in all 357 episodes. He had also made five guest appearances on theDallas spin-off seriesKnots Landing in the early 1980s. Some years afterDallas ended, Hagman appeared in two subsequentDallas television movies:J.R. Returns in 1996 andWar of the Ewings in 1998.
Hagman reprised his role as J.R. Ewing inTNT's continuation ofDallas, which began in 2012.[27][28] In 2011, while filming the new series, Hagman said, "Of course it's fun to play the villain."[29] As a result of Hagman's death in 2012, his character J.R. was killed off in season two ofDallas. Unused footage of Hagman was used in season three as part of that season's story arc, which aired in 2014.
Hagman starred in two short-lived series in the 1970s,The Good Life (1971–1972) andHere We Go Again (1973). In 1993, Hagman starred inStaying Afloat as a down-on-his-luck former millionaire who agrees to work undercover with the FBI to maintain his playboy lifestyle.[30] Originally ordered for two TV movies and a weekly series by NBC, the pilot movie aired in November 1993 to critical drubbing and low ratings, ending production.[31][32]
In January 1997, Hagman starred in a short-lived television series titledOrleans as Judge Luther Charbonnet, which lasted only eight episodes. In 2002, he made an appearance in the fourth series ofVic Reeves and Bob Mortimer's British comedypanel game,Shooting Stars, often appearing bewildered at the nonsensical questions and the antics of the hosts – during the show Hagman even stated that he would fire his agent as a result. In January 2011, Hagman made a guest appearance in the seventh season ofDesperate Housewives as a new husband for Lynette Scavo's mother, Stella (played byPolly Bergen).
He also directed episodes ofI Dream of Jeannie andThe Good Life, as well as several episodes ofDallas andIn the Heat of the Night, which was the only series he directed, but in which he did not act.[citation needed]
Hagman directed (and appeared briefly in) the 1972 comedy horror filmBeware! The Blob, also calledSon of Blob, a sequel to the 1958 horror filmThe Blob. It was the only feature film he directed.[33]
The release of a Columbia single performed with his mother Mary Martin,Get Out Those Old Records, in 1950, was credited to Mary Martin and her Son Larry, with orchestration byMitch Miller. It was released in Australia as a-78 rpm single, catalogue number DO-3409.
In 1980, Hagman recorded a single called "Ballad of the Good Luck Charm".[34][35]
During the 1980s, Hagman was featured in a national televisedSchlitz beer campaign, playing on, but not explicitly featuring, the J.R. character. He wore the same kind of Western business outfit – complete with cowboy hat – that he wore in his role. The end of each 30-second spot featured a malevoice-over saying, "Refreshing Schlitz beer...the gusto's back..." Hagman, grinning into the camera, added: "...and I'm gonna get it!" He also made commercials forBVD brand underwear.
In 2010, Hagman was hired as a spokesman forSolarWorld, a Germansolar energy commercial enterprise. While the SolarWorld commercials specifically mention neitherDallas nor J. R. Ewing, Hagman essentially revisits the character (complete with a picture of Hagman as J. R. Ewing from the original series on the mantle), stating that his oil company days are long over, "though still in the energy business", meaning solar energy, instead,[36] which alternative energy now plays a major part of the next-generation Ewing family war between Christopher and John Ross III.
Hagman with Maj Axelsson in 1983Hagman in 2010Hagman in August 2011
In 1973, his stepfather Richard Halliday died and Hagman reconciled with his mother, Mary Martin, soon after.[non sequitur] The two were close until her death fromcolon cancer in 1990.
In 1969, Hagman's friend, musicianDavid Crosby, supplied him withLSD after a concert:[38] "LSD was such a profound experience in my life that it changed my pattern of life and my way of thinking and I could not exclude it [from my autobiography]."[39] Hagman was introduced tomarijuana by Jack Nicholson as a safer alternative to Hagman's heavy drinking. "I liked it because it was fun, it made me feel good and I never had a hangover."[9] Although Hagman was a member of a12-step program, he publicly advocated marijuana as a better alternative to alcohol.
In 1995, Hagman underwent a life-saving liver transplant after he was diagnosed with liver cancer, which was most likely brought on by roughly 40 years of heavy drinking.[40][41] His clinical picture was further complicated by cirrhosis of the liver, which had been diagnosed three years earlier in 1992. Hagman did not receive preferential treatment as a celebrity, with a 1995 UPI article stating that the donor liver "matched Hagman's anonymous physical profile listed with the United Network for Organ Sharing."[40]
In 2001, Hagman wrote his autobiography titledHello Darlin': Tall (and Absolutely True) Tales About My Life.[12] In a 2007 interview, Hagman discussed his support foralternative energy.[46] On a 2008 episode ofLiving with Ed, Hagman and his wife showed actorEd Begley Jr. their solar-powered, super-energy efficient home named "Heaven" and talked about theirgreen lifestyle.[47] Maj Hagman was diagnosed withAlzheimer's disease in 2008 and Hagman at first took the lead in caring for her, but her condition deteriorated. By 2010, she required 24-hour nursing care. As a result, Hagman put their 43-acre estate in Ojai up for sale listing it at $11 million.[9][41]
Hagman had a long friendship with actorCarroll O'Connor, beginning in 1959 when Hagman was starring in the Broadway playGod and Kate Murphy and O'Connor was working as an assistant stage manager.[citation needed] Later, as the two struggled as young actors, they rented apartments near each other in New York. Hagman's daughter Heidi, whom O'Connor had known since her childhood, joined the cast for one season ofArchie Bunker's Place. Hagman directed several episodes of O'Connor's later seriesIn the Heat of the Night. The two remained close after the death of O'Connor's sonHugh and Hagman delivered a eulogy at the funeral.[citation needed]
In June 2011, Hagman said he hadstage 2 throat cancer.[9] He commented, "As J. R. I could get away with anything — bribery, blackmail and adultery, but I got caught by cancer. I do want everyone to know that it is a very common and treatable form of cancer. I will be receiving treatment while working on the newDallas series. I could not think of a better place to be than working on a show I love, with people I love."[48][49] Hagman had an acorn-sized tumor removed from his tongue in 2011. In June 2012, the cancer was said to be in remission.[9] Then, in July 2012, doctors diagnosed Hagman withmyelodysplastic syndrome (formerly known as preleukemia).[citation needed]
Hagman died on November 23, 2012, atMedical City Dallas Hospital inDallas following complications from acute myeloid leukemia, after being interviewed for the National Geographic documentaryThe '80s: The Decade that Made Us, which aired in April 2013.[50] In a statement to theDallas Morning News, Hagman's family said: "Larry's family and close friends had joined him in Dallas for theThanksgiving holiday. He died surrounded by loved ones. It was a peaceful passing, just as he had wished for."[29][51]The New York Times described him as "one of television's most beloved villains".[52]
Actress Barbara Eden, a longtime friend of Hagman's, who played Jeannie onI Dream of Jeannie and Lee Ann de la Vega onDallas, said: "Larry was one of the most intelligent actors I ever worked with. He more than hit his marks. And when you're working with another actor, you know immediately if the ball isn't tossed back. Plus, Larry was savvy about the business, which I wasn't."[53] In an interview with Australia's News 10, she commented that their on-screen chemistry on the set ofJeannie "was not work" and "our timing was right. I can't even explain it. It was wonderful."[54]
ActressLinda Gray, who playedSue Ellen Ewing onDallas, called Hagman her "best friend for 35 years" and was at his bedside when he died, her agent told theBBC. In a statement, she said: "He was thePied Piper of life and brought joy to everyone he knew. He was creative, generous, funny, loving and talented and I will miss him enormously. He was an original and lived life to the fullest."[55][56]
ActorPatrick Duffy, who playedBobby Ewing onDallas, was also at his bedside when he died. In a statement, he said: "Friday, I lost one of the greatest friends ever to grace my life. The loneliness is only what is difficult, as Larry's peace and comfort is always what is important to me, now as when he was here. He was a fighter in the gentlest way, against his obstacles and for his friends. I wear his friendship with honor."[57][58]
^Season four going by DVD listings – prior to the DVD releases, the first five episodes ofDallas were a part of what was called "the miniseries" rather than being season one. Therefore, the season four DVD was originally season three.
.jpg)
