Lantian County 蓝田县 Lantien | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 View of central Lantian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.png) Xi'an in Shaanxi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coordinates:34°08′56″N109°19′08″E / 34.149°N 109.319°E /34.149; 109.319[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country | People's Republic of China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Province | Shaanxi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-provincial city | Xi'an | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Divisions[2] | 19 township-level divisions (1 subdistrict and 18 towns) and 346 village-level divisions (9 communities and 337 villages) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 2,005.95 km2 (774.50 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Total | 536,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| • Density | 256.25/km2 (663.7/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Postal code | 710500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xi'an district map |
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| Website | www.lantian.gov.cn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lantian County (simplified Chinese:蓝田县;traditional Chinese:藍田縣;pinyin:Lántián Xiàn) is a county under the administration ofXi'an, the capital ofShaanxi province, China. It is the easternmost and second-most spacious (afterZhouzhi County) of the 13county-level divisions of Xi'an. The county borders theprefecture-level cities ofWeinan to the northeast andShangluo to the southeast,Lintong District to the north,Chang'an District to the west, andBaqiao District to the northwest.
Lantian County was first founded in 379 BCE, and was named after the nearby Lantian Mountain (simplified Chinese:蓝田山;traditional Chinese:藍田山;pinyin:Lántián Shān), located 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the southeast of the current county seat.[4]
Lantian County was first established in 379 BCE, in present-dayHuaxu [zh], 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of its current seat.[4] The county was named for the nearby Lantian Mountain (simplified Chinese:蓝田山;traditional Chinese:藍田山;pinyin:Lántián Shān).[4] Numerous ancient Chinese texts, such as theTaiping Huanyu Ji and theRites of Zhou state that the mountain was renown for itsjade.[4]
From 446 CE to 487 CE, under theXianbei-ledNorthern Wei, Lantian County was merged into Bacheng County (simplified Chinese:霸城县;traditional Chinese:霸城縣;pinyin:Bàchéng Xiàn).[4] Upon its restoration, it was placed under the jurisdiction ofJingzhao Commandery (Chinese:京兆郡;pinyin:Jīngzhào Jùn).[4]
From 557 CE to 573 CE, under the Xianbei-ledNorthern Zhou, Lantian County was promoted and reorganized asLantian Commandery [zh].[4] During this period, Lantian County was abolished, and Lantian Commandery administered two counties formed in its place: Yushan County (simplified Chinese:玉山县;traditional Chinese:玉山縣;pinyin:Yùshān Xiàn) and Bailu County (simplified Chinese:白鹿县;traditional Chinese:白鹿縣;pinyin:Báilù Xiàn).[4] Upon the restoration of Lantian County in 573 CE, the county's seat of government was moved to the ancient city of Yaoliu (simplified Chinese:峣柳城;traditional Chinese:嶢柳城;pinyin:Yáoliǔ Chéng), located in present-dayLanguan Subdistrict [zh].[4]
In 619 CE, during theTang dynasty, Bailu County was restored.[4] Yushan County was also re-established the same year, with its seat of government in present-dayYushan [zh].[4] The following year Bailu County was renamed to Ningmin County (simplified Chinese:宁民县;traditional Chinese:寧民縣;pinyin:Níngmín Xiàn).[4] Both counties were abolished again in 629 CE, and merged back into Lantian County, which was now under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Fu (Chinese:京兆府;pinyin:Jīngzhào Fǔ).[4]
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Lantian County was under the jurisdiction ofXi'an Fu [zh] (Chinese:西安府;pinyin:Xī'ān Fǔ).[4]
In 1913, following the establishment of theRepublic of China, the county was placed under the jurisdiction ofGuanzhong Circuit [zh].[4] Beginning in 1928, the county was under direct administration from the province ofShaanxi.[4]
Following the establishment of thePeople's Republic of China in 1949, the county was placed under the administration ofWeinan District [zh] (simplified Chinese:渭南分区;traditional Chinese:渭南分區;pinyin:Wèinán Fēnqū).[4] The following year, Weinan District was re-organized as Weinan Prefecture (simplified Chinese:渭南专区;traditional Chinese:渭南專區;pinyin:Wèinán Zhuānqū).[4] From 1956 to 1958, the county was directed administered by Shaanxi.[4] In 1958, it was placed under the jurisdiction ofXi'an.[4] From 1961 to 1983, Lantian County was returned to Weinan Prefecture.[4] Weinan Prefecture.[4] In 1983, Lantian County was once again placed under Xi'an, which it remains today.[4]
In 2011, the county's 12townships were reorganized astowns.[4] On February 13, 2015, three of the county's towns were merged into other towns, and the town of Languan was reorganized as the county's solesubdistrict.[4]
Lantian County is divided into 1subdistrict (Chinese:街道;pinyin:jiēdào) and 18towns (Chinese:镇;pinyin:zhèn).[5] Thesetownship-level divisions then in turn govern 9residential communities (Chinese:社区;pinyin:shèqū) and 337administrative villages (Chinese:行政村;pinyin:xíngzhèng cūn).[2]
Thecounty's sole subdistrict isLanguan Subdistrict [zh] (蓝关街道).[5]
The county's 18 towns are as follows:[5]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 605,000 | — | ||
| 2000 | 560,283 | −1.90% | ||
| 2010 | 514,026 | −0.86% | ||
| 2012 | 518,800 | +0.46% | ||
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A 2012 estimate put thecounty's permanent population at 518,800.[4] Per the2010 Chinese Census, Lantian County's population totaled 514,026,[4][6] down from the 560,283 recorded in the2000 Chinese Census.[4] Lantian County comprised 6.07% of Xi'an's population in 2010, down from 7.70% in 2000.[6] A 1996 estimate put the county's population at about 605,000.[4]
| Climate data for Lantian, elevation 540 m (1,770 ft), (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 9.5 (49.1) | 15.7 (60.3) | 22.0 (71.6) | 26.8 (80.2) | 31.6 (88.9) | 32.7 (90.9) | 30.7 (87.3) | 25.7 (78.3) | 19.5 (67.1) | 12.7 (54.9) | 6.6 (43.9) | 19.9 (67.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.2 (29.8) | 2.8 (37.0) | 8.6 (47.5) | 14.5 (58.1) | 19.5 (67.1) | 25.0 (77.0) | 27.0 (80.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 20.1 (68.2) | 13.7 (56.7) | 6.5 (43.7) | 0.3 (32.5) | 13.5 (56.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.6 (21.9) | −2.0 (28.4) | 3.0 (37.4) | 8.1 (46.6) | 13.0 (55.4) | 18.8 (65.8) | 21.9 (71.4) | 20.4 (68.7) | 15.6 (60.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 2.1 (35.8) | −4.0 (24.8) | 8.4 (47.1) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 8.3 (0.33) | 13.8 (0.54) | 25.9 (1.02) | 48.4 (1.91) | 69.2 (2.72) | 84.9 (3.34) | 111.2 (4.38) | 113.9 (4.48) | 114.3 (4.50) | 65.7 (2.59) | 29.2 (1.15) | 7.4 (0.29) | 692.2 (27.25) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.6 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 8.0 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 11.9 | 11.2 | 12.2 | 10.5 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 99.3 |
| Average snowy days | 5.3 | 3.7 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 15.5 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 66 | 65 | 64 | 67 | 65 | 59 | 67 | 74 | 76 | 77 | 76 | 69 | 69 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 134.6 | 134.7 | 170.1 | 194.4 | 210.6 | 216.8 | 223.3 | 194.8 | 152.4 | 134.7 | 130.9 | 135.6 | 2,032.9 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 43 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 47 | 42 | 39 | 42 | 44 | 46 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[7][8] | |||||||||||||
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