Language-oriented programming (LOP)[1] is a software-development paradigm where "language" is a software building block with the same status as objects, modules and components,[2] and rather than solving problems ingeneral-purpose programming languages, the programmer creates one or moredomain-specific languages (DSLs) for the problem first, and solves the problem in those languages. Language-oriented programming was first described in detail in Martin Ward's 1994 paperLanguage Oriented Programming.[1]
The concept of language-oriented programming takes the approach to capture requirements in the user's terms, and then to try to create an implementation language asisomorphic as possible to the user's descriptions, so that the mapping between requirements and implementation is as direct as possible. A measure of the closeness of this isomorphism is the "redundancy" of the language, defined as the number of editing operations needed to implement a stand-alone change in requirements. It is not assumeda-priori what is the best language for implementing the new language. Rather, the developer can choose among options created by analysis of the information flows — what information is acquired, what its structure is, when it is acquired, from whom, and what is done with it.[3]
TheRacket programming language andRascalMPL were designed to support language-oriented programming from the ground up.[2] Otherlanguage workbench[4] tools such asJetBrains MPS,Kermeta, orXtext provide the tools to design and implement DSLs and language-oriented programming.[5]